| 例句 |
focus verb
⇨ focus (focus on an issue) ⇨ aim (focus your eyes/a camera)focus noun
⇨ focus focus verb focus ♦︎ target ♦︎ direct ♦︎ be aimed at sb ♦︎ turn ♦︎ address ♦︎ orient ♦︎ pitchThese words all mean to give attention or a message to one particular person or group of people rather than another. 这些词均表示关注或针对特定的人或群体。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to focus / target / turn sth on sb / sth◆to target sth / direct sth / be aimed / pitch sth at sb / sth◆to target / direct / orient sth towards sb / sth◆to turn / address / orient sth to sb / sth◆efforts / resources / campaigns are focused on / targeted at / directed at sb / sth◆attention is focused on / directed at / turned to sb / sth◆research is focused on / directed at / oriented towards sth◆sth is focused on / targeted at a / directed at / an group / area◆primarily focused on / targeted at / directed at / aimed at / addressed to / oriented towards / pitched at sb / sth◆particularly focused on / targeted at / directed at / aimed at / oriented towards / pitched at sb / sth◆specifically focused on / targeted at / directed at / aimed at / addressed to / oriented towards sb / sth◆principally targeted at / directed at / aimed at / addressed to / oriented towards sb / sth◆directly focused on / targeted at / aimed at / addressed to / pitched at sb / sth◆mainly / clearly focused on / targeted at / directed at / aimed at sb / sth■ focus [intransitive, transitive] to give attention, effort, time etc. to one particular person, thing or situation rather than another 关注；注重；重点在于◆The discussion focused on three main issues.讨论集中在三个主要问题上。◆Schools should not focus exclusively on exam results.学校不应该只注重考试成绩。◆I was finding it hard to focus my mind properly.我发现很难好好地集中精神。◆The visit helped to focus world attention on the plight of the refugees.这次访问促使全世界关注难民的困境。◆Much recent concern has been focused upon sea level rises.最近很多人都在关注海平面上涨的问题。◆Where do you really wish to focus your time and energy?你到底想要把时间和精力放在什么地方？■ target [transitive, often passive] to try to help or influence a particular group of people, especially by offering a product or service designed for them 把（专门设计的产品或服务）面向，对准◆The booklet is targeted at people approaching retirement.这本小册子的读者对象是临近退休的人。◆We target our services towards specific groups of people.我们的服务针对特定人群。◆This hospital is targeted for additional funding.这家医院旨在获得额外的资金。■ direct [transitive] (always used with a preposition 总是与介词连用) to say or do sth that is intended to influence, affect or deal with a particular person, group, situation or issue 针对◆Was that remark directed at me?那话是冲着我来的吗？◆Most of his anger was directed against himself.他主要是生自己的气。◆There are three main issues we need to direct our attention to.我们需要注意的有三个主要问题。■ be aimed at sb phrase (of a product, service or remark) to be directed at a particular person or group of people （产品、服务或言论）针对，对象是◆The book is aimed at very young children.这本书的读者对象是幼童。◆My criticism wasn't aimed at you.我的批评不是针对你。■ turn [transitive, intransitive] to give attention to a particular person, subject or situation, especially after attention has been on sb/sth else 把注意力转向（特定的人、主题或情况）◆She looked at him, then turned her attention back to me.她看了看他，然后又把注意力转回到我的身上。◆Don't turn your anger on the children.别朝孩子撒气。◆His thoughts turned to his dead wife.他想起了自己过世的妻子。■ address [transitive] (formal) to say or write sth directly to a particular person 向⋯说话；针对⋯而写◆I was surprised when he addressed me in English.他用英语跟我说话，我很诧异。◆Any questions should be addressed to your teacher.任何问题都应该向你的老师求教。◆The book is addressed to the general reader.这本书是写给普通读者的。■ orient / /ˈɔːrient/ / (BrE also orientate / /ˈɔːriənteɪt/ / ) [transitive, usually passive] to make sb/sth give more interest, attention or effort towards a particular subject, person or situation; to make or adapt sb/sth for a particular purpose 以⋯为方向；以⋯为目的；使适应◆Our students are oriented towards science subjects.我们的学生是理科方向的。◆We run a commercially oriented operation.我们经营一个商业性企业。■ pitch [transitive, often passive] (rather informal, especially business 尤用于商业) to aim a product or a service at a particular group of people 使（产品或服务）针对，面向；确定⋯的销售对象（或目标市场）◆The new software is being pitched at banks.这种新软件以银行为目标市场。◆Orange juice is being pitched as an athlete's drink.橙汁正作为运动员饮料进行推销。 aim verb aim ♦︎ focus ♦︎ point ♦︎ direct ♦︎ turnThese words all mean to point or send sth in the direction of sb/sth. 这些词均表示对准、指向。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to aim / point / direct (sth) at sb / sth◆to focus / turn (sth) on sb / sth◆to aim / focus / point a camera◆to aim / focus / direct (a) light◆to aim / point / turn a gun at / on sb◆to aim / focus / point sth directly■ aim [intransitive, transitive] to point or send sth such as a weapon, shot, hit or kick at a particular person or place that you want to hit 瞄准；对准◆Aim for the middle of the target.瞄准靶心。◆The gun was aimed at her head.枪瞄准了她的头。▸ aim noun [uncountable] ◆The gunman took aim (= pointed his weapon) and fired.枪手瞄准后开枪。■ focus /ˈfəʊkəs; NAmE ˈfoʊkəs/ [intransitive, transitive](of your eyes or a camera) to adapt or be adjusted so that things can be seen clearly; to adjust your eyes, etc. so that you can see things clearly; to aim rays of light onto a particular point using a lens (= a curved piece of glass) （使）（眼睛或相机）调节焦距；聚焦；集中（光束）◆It took a few moments for her eyes to focus in the dark.过了一会儿她的眼睛才适应了黑暗。◆I quickly focused the camera on the children.我迅速把照相机镜头对准了孩子们。◆She used her glasses to focus the sun's rays on the twigs and spark a fire.她用眼镜把太阳光聚集到小树枝上生火。▸ focus noun [uncountable] ◆The children's faces are badly out of focus (= not clearly shown) in the photograph.照片上孩子们的脸模糊不清。◆The binoculars were not in focus (= were not showing things clearly).这副双筒望远镜的焦距不对。■ point [transitive] to aim sth at sb/sth, especially by holding it up in front of you （尤指把某物举到眼前）对准，瞄准◆He pointed the gun at her head.他举枪对准了她的头。◆A hundred camera lenses were being pointed at her.一百架相机镜头对着她。■ direct [transitive] to aim a weapon or light in a particular direction or at a particular person or thing 将（武器或光束）对准◆The machine directs a powerful beam at the affected part of the body.这台机器将很强的射线对准感染的身体部位。 see also direction ⇨ way 3 ■ turn [transitive, intransitive] to suddenly aim, and usually fire, a weapon at sb （突然）瞄准，对准（并开火）◆Police turned water cannon on the rioters.警察将高压水枪对准了闹事者。◆He turned the gun on himself.他把枪口对准了自己。 focus noun focus ♦︎ centre ♦︎ heart ♦︎ hub ♦︎ focal pointThese are all words for the central and most important part of a particular place or activity. 这些词均表示某地或活动的中心、核心。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an important focus / hub / focal point◆the central focus / hub◆the commercial centre / heart / hub of sth◆to act / serve as a focus / centre / focal point◆to give sth / provide a focus / focal point◆the focus / centre of attention■ focus /ˈfəʊkəs; NAmE ˈfoʊkəs/ [uncountable, countable, usually singular] the thing or person that people are most interested in; the act of paying special attention to sth and making people interested in it 中心点（指人或事物）；关注；引起关注◆His comments provided a focus for debate.他的评论提供了辩论的重点。◆We shall maintain our focus on the needs of the customer.我们将继续重点关注顾客的需要。◆The incident brought the problem of violence in schools into sharp focus.这次事件使校园暴力成为焦点问题。◆What we need now is a change of focus (= to look at things in a different way).我们现在需要的是改变对事物的看法。■ centre (BrE) (NAmE center) [countable, usually singular] the point towards which people direct their attention 中心；关注点◆Children like to be the centre of attention.小孩子喜欢引人注目。◆He could never doubt that he was the centre of her world.她的整个世界围着他转，对此他确信无疑。◆The prime minister is at the centre of a political row over leaked Cabinet documents.首相成了内阁文件泄密所引发的政治风波的中心人物。ⓘ Notice that you can say that sb/sth is the centre of attention or the centre of sb's world/universe, but you say that sb is at the centre of things/the action/a discussion. You can also say that sb is at the centre of sb's world/universe. 注意，可以说sb/sth is the centre of attention（某人／某事物是关注的中心）或sb/sth is the centre of sb's world/universe（某人／某事物是某人世界的中心）。可以说sb is at the centre of things/the action/a discussion（某人处在事情／行动／讨论的中心），也可以说sb is at the centre of sb's world/universe（某人占据某人世界的中心）。■ heart [countable, usually singular] the central part of a place 中心；中央◆'Hillsdown' is a quiet hotel in the very heart of the city.希尔斯顿是一家位于市中心的安静的旅馆。ⓘ In this meaning heart is mainly used to talk about the central part of a city, country or region. It is often used in advertising trying to attract people to a place. 表达此义时，heart主要指城市、国家或地区的中心，常用在广告中，以吸引人前往某地。 see also heart ⇨ point noun ■ hub [countable, usually singular] the central and most important part of a particular place or activity （某地或活动的）中心，核心◆The bank is situated in the commercial hub of the city.该银行位于城市的商业中心。◆The kitchen was the hub of family life.厨房是家庭生活的中心。◆a hub airport (= a large important one where people often change from one plane to another) 大型中转机场NOTE 辨析 Heart or hub?In some cases you can use either word. 在有些情况下这两个词可以通用◆the commercial heart / hub of the city城市的商业中心However, the heart of the village/the town/the city/England usually suggests an attractive, historic place; the hub of the city/operations/business activity suggests a busy place where a lot of business is done. 不过，the heart of the village/the town/the city/England（村庄／集镇／城市／英格兰的中心）通常意味着这些地方富有吸引力，且有历史意义；the hub of the city/operations/business activity（城市／业务／商业活动的中心）则意味着这些地方很繁华，商业活动繁忙。 ■ ˈfocal point /ˈfəʊkl; NAmE ˈfoʊkl/ [countable, usually singular] a thing or person that is the centre of interest or activity 集中点，焦点（指人或事物）；活动中心◆In rural areas, the school is often the focal point for the local community.在农村，学校常常是当地社区的活动中心。◆The focal point of the policy developed by the government was the construction of a rail network .政府所提出的政策中，焦点是建设铁路网。ⓘ Focal point is often used to talk about a place in a community which brings people together, for example a school, shop, church or play area. It can also be used to describe the central point of a discussion, lecture, or of sb's political activities; or the main part of a design or arrangement; or the main event in a series of planned events. * focal point常指社区里人们聚会的地方，如学校、店铺、教堂或游戏场地等，亦可指讨论、演讲或某人政治活动的重点，或是设计或安排的主要部分，又或是一系列精心安排的事件中的重头戏。 |