| 例句 |
discredit verb
⇨ discredit (discredit the government) ⇨ disprove (discredit a theory)discredit noun
⇨ disgrace 2 discredit verb discredit ♦︎ libel ♦︎ slander ♦︎ defame ♦︎ vilify ♦︎ malign ♦︎ smearThese words all mean to say, write or do things that damage sb/sth's reputation. 这些词均表示诋毁、诽谤、中伤。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be discredited / vilified / maligned for / as sth◆to discredit / smear the government■ discredit / /dɪsˈkredɪt/ / [transitive] to cause people to stop respecting sb/sth 败坏⋯的名声；使丢脸◆The photos were deliberately taken to discredit the President.这些照片是为了败坏总统的名声而蓄意拍摄的。 see also discredit ⇨ disgrace noun 2 ■ libel / /ˈlaɪbl/ / [transitive] to publish a printed statement about sb/sth that is not true and is likely to damage their reputation; to commit the legal offence of making this kind of statement （以文字）诽谤，中伤；触犯诽谤（罪）◆He claimed he had been libelled in an article the magazine had published.他声称自己受到那本杂志发表的一篇文章的诽谤。▸ libel noun [uncountable, countable] ◆He sued the newspaper for libel.他起诉那家报社犯有诽谤罪。◆In a libel action a newspaper must prove that any comments it printed are true.在诽谤诉讼中，报社必须证明自己发表的任何评论都是真实的。▸ libellous / /ˈlaɪbələs/ / adjective ◆There have been several libellous statements posted on a website in the UK.英国一家网站上已经出现了一些诽谤性声明。■ slander / /ˈslɑːndə(r); NAmE ˈslændər/ [transitive] to make a spoken statement about sb/sth that is not true and is likely to damage their reputation; to commit the legal offence of making this kind of statement （口头）诽谤，诋毁，中伤；触犯诽谤（罪）◆He angrily accused the investigators of slandering both him and his family.他气愤地指责调查者诋毁他和他的家人。▸ slander noun [countable, uncountable] ◆She regarded his comments as a vicious slander on her reputation.她认为他的评论对她的声誉是一种恶意中伤。◆He's suing them for slander.他控告他们口头诽谤。▸ slanderous /ˈslɑːndərəs/ / adjective ◆You have no right to make such slanderous, evil accusations.你没有权利作出这种诽谤性的恶意指责。■ defame / /dɪˈfeɪm/ / [transitive] (formal) to libel or slander sb 诬蔑；诽谤；诋毁◆The newspaper denies any intention to defame the senator's reputation.该报社否认故意诋毁那名参议员的声誉。▸ defamation / /ˌdefəˈmeɪʃn/ / noun [uncountable, countable] ◆He brought a legal action against the magazine for defamation of character.他起诉该杂志社诋毁他的人格。▸ defamatory / /dɪˈfæmətri; NAmE dɪˈfæmətɔːri/ adjective ◆He claims that defamatory comments were made about him.他声称遭到蓄意诽谤。■ vilify /ˈvɪlɪfaɪ/ / [transitive] (formal) to say or write things that show hatred for sb/sth and make them seem evil 恶意丑化；中伤◆They were vilified by the press as 'international terrorists'.他们被新闻界诬蔑为“国际恐怖分子”。ⓘ A person or thing is usually vilified by a group of people over a period of time. * vilify用于被动语态通常指某人或某事在一段时间内受到一伙人的诋毁。▸ vilification / /ˌvɪlɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ / noun [uncountable] ◆the vilification of single parents by right-wing politicians右翼政客对单亲家长的诋毁■ malign / /məˈlaɪn/ / [transitive] (written) to say or write things about sb/sth that are unfair and damage their reputation 诽谤；诋毁；中伤◆She feels she has been much maligned by the press.她觉得自己遭到了新闻界的恣意诽谤。■ smear /smɪə(r); NAmE smɪr/ [transitive] (rather informal) to make claims about sb/sth that are intended to damage their reputation, especially in politics （尤指在政治上）诽谤，诋毁，抹黑◆The story was an attempt to smear the party leader.这篇报道企图破坏该党领袖的声誉。▸ smear noun [countable] ◆The Prime Minister has called for an end to smears and personal attacks in the run-up to the election.首相呼吁在选举前停止相互诋毁和人身攻击。◆He was a victim of a smear campaign.他受到对方大肆造谣中伤。 disprove verb disprove ♦︎ refute ♦︎ discredit ♦︎ rebut ♦︎ confound ♦︎ debunk ♦︎ invalidate ♦︎ explode ♦︎ demolishThese words all mean to show that sth is wrong or false. 这些词均表示反驳或推翻错误观点。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to disprove / refute / discredit / debunk / invalidate / explode / demolish a theory◆to disprove / refute / debunk / invalidate / explode / demolish a myth◆to disprove / refute / discredit / rebut / confound / invalidate / demolish an argument◆to disprove / refute / discredit / rebut / invalidate / explode / demolish claims◆to disprove / refute / confound / invalidate a thesis◆to disprove / refute / rebut an allegation◆evidence disproves / refutes / discredits / rebuts sth◆to successfully refute / confound / debunk / demolish sth◆to be easily disproved / refuted / discredited / rebutted / demolished■ disprove / /ˌdɪsˈpruːv/ / [transitive] to show that a theory or claim is wrong or false by using evidence 否认；证明⋯是错误（或虚假）的◆It is difficult to confirm or disprove the existence of such a group.要证实或否认这样一个群体的存在都很困难。◆It cannot be disproved that a meeting took place.不能否认确实召开过一次会议。OPP prove ⇨ show 1 , confirm ⇨ confirm 1 ■ refute / /rɪˈfjuːt/ / [transitive] (formal) to show that an argument, theory or claim is wrong by using arguments or evidence 反驳，驳斥（论点、理论或断言）◆She tried to think how to refute the argument on moral grounds.她考虑如何以道德理由来驳斥这一论点。◆This study cannot provide data to confirm or refute this hypothesis.这项研究无法提供数据资料来证实或驳斥这一假说。OPP confirm ⇨ confirm 1 see also refute ⇨ deny , refutation ⇨ denial ■ discredit / /dɪsˈkredɪt/ / [transitive] to make people stop believing that sth is true; to make sth appear unlikely to be true 使不相信；使⋯受到质疑◆These theories are now largely discredited among linguists.现在这些理论大多受到语言学家的质疑。◆This new evidence discredits earlier findings.这个新证据推翻了早期的研究结果。■ rebut / /rɪˈbʌt/ / (-tt-) [transitive] (formal) to say or show that a claim or accusation is wrong or false 反驳；驳斥；证明（断言或指责）错误◆An attempt was made to publicly rebut rumours of a divorce.曾经试图公开反驳离婚的谣传。◆The defendants were unable to rebut the charges of negligence.这些被告无法辩驳失职罪的指控。 see also rebuttal ⇨ denial NOTE 辨析 Disprove, refute or rebut?In some cases you can use any of these words. 在有些情况下这三个词可以通用◆to disprove / refute / rebut a claim / an allegation / an argument驳斥断言／说法／论点 Disprove is the most frequent and is less formal than the other two. It is used especially to talk about matters of scientific or historical fact. Refute is used more often to talk about arguments or accusations; rebut is used especially to talk about accusations. People can rebut a claim just by denying it, without producing evidence. To refute a claim originally meant to disprove it with evidence; however, in modern usage, refute is also often used to mean 'deny'. * disprove使用频率最高，没有另外两个词正式，尤用于科学或史实问题；refute多指驳斥论点或指控；rebut则尤指驳斥指控。表示驳斥某个说法，rebut可以只是否认，不一定提供证据。refute原本是指以证据证明某个说法错误，但在现代用法中也常表示“否认”。 see also refute ⇨ deny ■ confound / /kənˈfaʊnd/ / [transitive] (formal) to show that sb/sth is wrong, especially by doing sth that people did not expect or predict （尤指出人意料地）证明⋯有错，驳斥◆She confounded her critics and proved she could do the job.她驳倒了批评者的看法，证明自己能够胜任该工作。◆The rise in share prices confounded expectations.股价的上涨出人意料。■ debunk / /ˌdiːˈbʌŋk/ / [transitive] (rather informal) to show that an idea or belief is false, especially one that has existed for a long time; to show that sth is not as good as people think it is 批判，驳斥（存在已久的观点或信念）；揭穿⋯的真相◆Let's start by debunking a few myths.让我们首先揭开几个迷思的真相。◆She attempts to debunk unrealistic expectations about marriage.她试图批判对婚姻的种种不切实际的幻想。■ invalidate / /ɪnˈvælɪdeɪt/ / [transitive] to prove that an idea, story or argument is wrong, especially by showing it has mistakes in it 证明⋯错误；使站不住脚◆This new piece of evidence invalidates his version of events.这条新证据推翻了他对事件经过的说法。◆Flawed research methods may invalidate the study's conclusions.错误的研究方法可能会使得研究结论站不住脚。ⓘ An idea, story, etc. is invalidated by evidence or circumstances, not by a person trying to disprove it. * invalidate表示证明某个观点或说法有误时，其主语是证据或客观环境，而非试图驳斥它的人◆She tried to think how to invalidate the argument on moral grounds. ■ explode [transitive] to show that an idea or belief, especially sth that many people think or believe, is false 推翻，驳倒，破除（众人相信的观点或信念）◆Here, at last, is a women's magazine to explode the myth that thin equals beautiful.终于有一家女性杂志起来推翻瘦就是美的迷思。■ demolish /dɪˈmɒlɪʃ; NAmE dɪˈmɑːlɪʃ/ [transitive] (rather informal) to show that an idea or theory is completely wrong 彻底推翻，驳倒（观点或理论）◆A recent book has demolished this theory.最近出版的一本书推翻了这种理论。 disgrace2 noun It's a national disgrace. 这是国家的耻辱。bring disgrace on your family 使你的家人蒙羞disgrace ♦︎ disrepute ♦︎ shame ♦︎ dishonour ♦︎ discreditThese are all words for the loss of other people's respect and approval. 这些词均表示丢脸、蒙羞。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in disgrace / disrepute◆to bring disgrace / shame / dishonour / discredit on sb / sth◆to fall into disgrace / disrepute◆There is no disgrace / shame / dishonour in sth.■ disgrace / /dɪsˈgreɪs/ / [uncountable] the loss of other people's respect caused by doing sth immoral or unacceptable 丢脸；耻辱；不光彩◆Her behaviour has brought disgrace on her family.她的行为使家人蒙羞。◆The swimmer was sent home from the Olympics in disgrace.这名游泳运动员很不光彩地从奥运会上被遣送回国。◆Sam was in disgrace with his parents.萨姆已失宠于他的父母。 see also disgraceful ⇨ outrageous ▸ disgrace verb [transitive] ◆I disgraced myself by drinking far too much.我饮酒过量出了洋相。◆He had disgraced the family name.他玷污了家族的名声。■ disrepute / /ˌdɪsrɪˈpjuːt/ / [uncountable] (rather formal, especially written) the loss of public respect for an activity or idea （活动或理念的）声誉损毁，坏名声◆The players' behaviour on the field is likely to bring the game into disrepute.这些球员在赛场上的表现很可能使这场比赛臭名远扬。ⓘ People can bring an activity into disrepute, especially a game such as football, by their bad behaviour, for example by cheating or fighting. A theory, system or law can be in disrepute or fall into disrepute, if it is no longer thought to be true or useful. * bring sth into disrepute尤指足球等比赛因球员的恶劣表现，如作弊或打架，而蒙上坏名声。in disrepute或fall into disrepute则指某种理论、体制或法律的真实性或功用不再被信服。■ shame [uncountable] public disgrace 不名誉；耻辱；丢脸◆There is no shame in wanting to be successful.追求成功不是什么丢脸的事。◆ (formal) She felt that her failure would bring shame on her family.她觉得自己的失败会使家人蒙羞。 see also shame ⇨ embarrass verb , shameful ⇨ outrageous ■ dishonour (BrE) (NAmE dishonor) / /dɪsˈɒnə(r); NAmE dɪsˈɑːnər/ [uncountable] (formal) public disgrace 不名誉；耻辱；丢脸◆Her actions have brought shame and dishonour on the profession.她的行为败坏了这个行业的声誉。◆There is no dishonour in such a defeat.这样的失败并不丢脸。 OPP honour ⇨ integrity , honour ⇨ reputation see also dishonourable ⇨ despicable ▸ dishonour verb (BrE) (NAmE dishonor) [transitive] ◆You have dishonoured the name of the school.你败坏了学校的名声。■ discredit /dɪsˈkredɪt/ / [uncountable] (formal) public disgrace, especially for a group or organization （尤指群体或组织的）不名誉，耻辱，丢脸◆Britain, to its discredit, did not speak out against these atrocities.英国没有公开反对这些残暴行为，使自己名誉扫地。◆My brother's behaviour did great discredit to the family.我弟弟的行为大大败坏了家族的名誉。 see also discredit ⇨ discredit verb NOTE 辨析 Disgrace, shame, dishonour or discredit?In some cases you can use any of these words. 在有些情况下这四个词可以通用◆Her behaviour has brought disgrace / shame / dishonour / discredit on her family.她的行为败坏了家族的名誉。 Disgrace is the most frequent of these words and has the widest range of collocates. 其中disgrace使用频率最高，搭配词也最广泛◆The swimmer was sent home in shame/dishonour/discredit. ◆Sam was in shame/dishonour/discredit with his parents. Disgrace can be a public loss of respect or the loss of respect of people you are close to. Shame, dishonour and discredit are all used to talk about a public loss of respect. Shame and dishonour are both used especially in the phrases bring shame/dishonour on sb/sth and There is no shame/dishonour in (doing) sth. There is no real difference in meaning, but dishonour is more formal. Discredit is used especially to talk about the loss of respect for a family, group, organization or country, caused by the behaviour of its members or representatives; it is used especially in the phrases to sb/sth's discredit and do discredit to sb/sth. * disgrace可指失去公众尊重或遭亲朋好友唾弃，shame、dishonour和discredit都表示失去公众尊重。shame和dishonour尤用于bring shame/dishonour on sb/sth和There is no shame/dishonour in (doing) sth结构，二者在含义上没有实质差别，只是dishonour比较正式。discredit尤指家族、团体、组织或国家因其成员或代表的不良行为而蒙羞，尤用于短语to sb/sth's discredit和do discredit to sb/sth。 |