| 例句 |
expose verb
⇨ expose (exposed to ridicule) ⇨ reveal (expose sb as a liar) ⇨ show 2 (Miles of sand are exposed at low tide.) expose verb expose ♦︎ subject sb/sth to sth ♦︎ put sb through sth ♦︎ lay sb open to sthThese words all mean to make sb experience sth unpleasant or to put them in a situation where they might experience sth unpleasant. 这些词均表示使经受或遭受不快。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达遭受不快的程度| expose | ➔ | subject sb/sth to sth | | lay sb open to sth | | put sb through sth |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to expose / subject / lay sb open to sth◆to expose / subject yourself to sth◆to put yourself through sth◆to lay yourself open to sth◆to expose sb to / subject sb to / lay sb open to criticism / ridicule / abuse / attack◆to expose sb / lay sb open to charges / risk◆to subject sb to / put sb through an ordeal■ expose [transitive] to put sb/sth in a place or situation where they are not protected from sth harmful or unpleasant 使面临，使遭受（危险或不快）◆You could be exposing yourself to unnecessary risks.你有可能遭受不必要的风险。◆Do not expose babies to strong sunlight.不要让婴儿受到强烈阳光的照射。OPP protect ⇨ protect see also exposed ⇨ vulnerable ▸ exposure /ɪkˈspəʊʒə(r); NAmE ɪkˈspoʊʒər/ noun [uncountable] ◆prolonged exposure to harmful radiation长时间接触有害辐射■ subˈject sb/sth to sth phrasal verb [often passive] (rather formal) to make sb/sth experience, suffer or be affected by sth, usually sth unpleasant 使遭受（不快的经历、痛苦或不好的影响）◆Referees are often subjected to verbal abuse.裁判员常常受到言语攻击。◆The city was subjected to heavy bombing.这座城市遭到了狂轰滥炸。■ ˌput sb ˈthrough sth phrasal verb (putting, put, put) (rather informal) to make sb experience sth very difficult or unpleasant 使经受（磨难或不幸）◆You have put your family through a lot recently.最近你让家人受了不少苦。◆Why am I putting myself through all this?我为什么要让自己经受所有这一切？■ ˌlay sb ˈopen to sth idiom (laid, laid)to put sb in a situation where they are likely to suffer criticism or embarrassment 使某人遭受批评；置某人于尴尬处境◆He has laid himself wide open to political attack.他让自己饱受政治攻击。 see also open to sth ⇨ vulnerable reveal verb reveal ♦︎ disclose ♦︎ expose ♦︎ uncover ♦︎ leak ♦︎ betray ♦︎ divulge ♦︎ give sb/sth away ♦︎ bring sth to lightThese words all mean to give information about sb/sth to sb, especially when that information is supposed to remain secret. 这些词均表示揭示、揭露、透露，尤其是应当保密的信息。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to reveal / disclose / expose / leak / betray / divulge / give away sth to sb◆to reveal / disclose / expose / uncover sb / sth as sb / sth◆to reveal / disclose / betray / divulge / give away that...◆It was revealed / disclosed that...◆to reveal / disclose / betray / divulge what / how / who / where / whether...◆to reveal / disclose / uncover / leak / betray / divulge / give away a secret◆to reveal / disclose / expose / uncover / give away the truth◆to reveal / disclose / leak / divulge / give away details of sth◆to fully / publicly reveal / disclose / expose sth■ reveal [transitive] to make sth known to sb, especially sth that was previously secret 揭示，透露（尤指原先保密之事）◆Her expression revealed nothing.从她的表情什么也看不出来。◆The report reveals (that) the company made a loss of £20 million last year.报告显示，公司去年亏损2 000万英镑。◆Officers could not reveal how he died.警察不能透露他的死因。◆Salted peanuts were recently revealed as the nation's favourite snack.最近发现，咸花生是该国最受欢迎的零食。 see also reveal ⇨ show 2 , revealing ⇨ informative ▸ revelation / /ˌrevəˈleɪʃn/ / noun [countable, uncountable] ◆He was dismissed after revelations that confidential files were missing.机密文件不翼而飞的消息披露后他被解雇了。◆The company's financial problems followed the revelation of a major fraud scandal.重大欺诈丑闻被揭露后，公司随之出现了财政问题。■ disclose / /dɪsˈkləʊz; NAmE dɪsˈkloʊz/ [transitive] (rather formal) to make sth known to sb, especially sth that was previously secret 揭示，透露（尤指原先保密之事）◆The spokesman refused to disclose details of the takeover to the press.发言人拒绝向新闻界透露收购细节。◆It was disclosed that two women were being interviewed by the police.据透露，有两个女人正接受警方的问话。 see also undisclosed ⇨ secret 1 ▸ disclosure /dɪsˈkləʊʒə(r); NAmE dɪsˈkloʊʒər/ noun [countable, uncountable] ◆ (formal) There were some startling disclosures about his private life.他私生活的一些耸人听闻的秘闻被公之于众。◆The bank will need full disclosure of your financial situation and assets.银行需要你充分披露自身的财务状况和资产。NOTE 辨析 Reveal or disclose?There is no real difference in meaning between these words, but disclose is always rather formal; reveal can be used in formal or less formal contexts, including popular journalism. 这两个词在含义上没有实质差别，但disclose总是相当正式，reveal可用于正式或不太正式的语境中，包括热点新闻◆Salted peanuts were recently disclosed as the nation's favourite snack. ■ expose [transitive] to tell the true facts about a person or situation, and show them/it to be bad or illegal 揭露，揭穿，使曝光（坏人坏事）◆She was exposed as a liar and a fraud.她说谎和欺骗的面目被揭穿了。◆He threatened to expose the racism that existed within the police force.他扬言要把警察内部存在的种族歧视公之于众。 see also expose ⇨ show 2 ▸ exposé /ekˈspəʊzeɪ; NAmE ˌekspoʊˈzeɪ/ noun [countable] (journalism 新闻) ◆The magazine contained a damning exposé of police corruption.该杂志对警方的贪污腐败进行了谴责性的曝光。■ uncover [transitive] to discover sth that was previously hidden or secret 发现，揭露，揭发（原先隐瞒或保密之事）◆Police have uncovered a plot to kidnap the President's son.警方发现了一起绑架总统之子的阴谋。■ leak [transitive] (journalism 新闻) to give secret information to the public, for example by telling a newspaper （通过报纸等向公众）泄露，透露（秘密信息）；走漏◆The contents of the report were leaked to the press.报告的内容泄露给了新闻界。◆He obtained a leaked document containing the views of some officials.他获得了一份泄密文件，内载有一些官员的意见。 see also leak out ⇨ turn out ▸ leak noun [countable] ◆There will be an enquiry into the alleged security leaks.将对据称的安全漏洞进行调查。■ betray [transitive] to tell sb or make them aware of a piece of information or a feeling, usually without meaning to （无意中）泄漏信息，流露情感◆His voice betrayed the worry he was trying to hide.他的声音泄漏了极力掩饰的担忧。◆She was terrified of saying something that would make her betray herself (= show her feelings or who she was).她害怕说话时露了自己的底。■ divulge /daɪˈvʌldʒ/ / [transitive] (formal) to give sb information that is supposed to be secret 泄漏，透露（秘密）◆Police refused to divulge the identity of the suspect.警方拒绝透露嫌疑犯的身份。ⓘ Divulge is often used in the negative, or with a verb that has a negative meaning. * divulge常用于否定句，或与含否定之意的动词连用。■ ˌgive sb/sth aˈway phrasal verb (gave, given)to make known sth that sb wants to keep secret 泄露，暴露（想保密之事）◆She gave away state secrets to the enemy.她把国家机密泄露给了敌人。◆His voice gave him away (= showed who he really was).他的声音使他露馅了。◆ (especially BrE) It was supposed to be a surprise but the children gave the game away.那本来是打算作为意外惊喜的，可孩子们把计划泄露了。 see also betray ⇨ tell 2 NOTE 辨析 Divulge or give sth away?A person who gives sth away should really be keeping the information secret; a person who divulges information is more likely to have the authority to do so. * give sth away指本应对信息保密却将之泄露，divulge则更可能是透露信息者有权这样做。■ bring sth to ˈlight idiom (brought, brought)to make new information known to people 揭露，披露，揭示（新消息）◆These facts have only just been brought to light.这些事实刚刚才被披露出来。 show2 verb opinion polls show... 民意调查表明⋯Show me that letter. 把那封信给我看看。show courage/respect 表现出勇气／敬意show ♦︎ reveal ♦︎ exposeThese words all mean to let or enable sb to see sth. 这些词均表示出示、使人看到。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to show / reveal sth to sb■ show [transitive] to let sb see sth 给⋯看；出示；展示◆If there's a letter from France please show it to me.如有法国来的信，请拿给我看看。◆You have to show your ticket as you go in.入场时你必须出示门票。◆Have you shown your work to anyone?你有没有把你做的活儿给谁看过？◆Have you shown anyone your work?你有没有给谁看过你做的活儿？■ reveal [transitive] (rather formal) to show sth that previously could not be seen 显出；露出；展示◆He laughed, revealing a line of white teeth.他笑了，露出一排洁白的牙齿。◆X-rays revealed a fracture.X光照片显示有一处骨折。◆She crouched in the dark, too frightened to reveal herself.她蜷缩在黑暗中，吓得不敢露面。 see also reveal ⇨ reveal ■ expose [transitive] (rather formal) to show sth that is usually hidden 暴露；显露；露出◆Miles of sand are exposed at low tide.低潮时数英里的沙滩就露了出来。◆He did not want to expose his fears and insecurity to anyone.他不想向任何人显露他的恐惧与不安。 see also expose ⇨ reveal NOTE 辨析 Reveal or expose?In some cases you can use either word. 在有些情况下这两个词可以通用◆He laughed, revealing / exposing a line of white teeth.他笑了，露出一排洁白的牙齿。 Reveal can suggest that people did not even know sth existed before it was revealed; expose merely suggests that sth could not be seen before it was exposed. * reveal可意味着某物在显露之前人们并不知道其存在，expose则仅意味着某物在显露之前只是未被看到◆X-rays exposed a fracture. ◆Miles of sand are revealed at low tide. |