cap noun ⇨hat (a baseball cap)⇨lid (a lens cap)cap verb ⇨limit
hat
noun
hat ♦︎ helmet ♦︎ cap ♦︎ crown ♦︎ hood ♦︎ beret ♦︎ headscarf ♦︎ turban ♦︎ headdress ♦︎ bonnet ♦︎ headgear ♦︎ bandannaThese are all words for things that you wear on your head.这些词均表示帽子或头巾。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to have on / wear (a) hat / helmet / cap / crown / beret / headscarf / turban / headdress / bonnet / headgear / bandanna◆to put on / take off / remove a, your, etc. hat / helmet / cap / crown / beret / headscarf / turban / headdress / bonnet / headgear / bandanna◆to tie a headscarf / turban / bandanna■hat [countable] a covering made to fit the head, often with a brim(= a flat edge that sticks out)and worn out of doors（常指带檐的）帽子◆He placed a battered straw hat on his head.他把一顶破旧的草帽戴在头上。◆The doorman tipped his hat(= touched it lightly as a mark of respect) as we entered.我们进来的时候门卫举手轻触帽檐以示敬意。ⓘ Hat is often used in compounds. * hat常用于构成复合词◆a fur / straw / woolly hat皮帽；草帽；毛线帽◆a sun hat太阳帽◆a cowboy hat牛仔帽◆a riding hat骑士帽◆a hard hat(= that building workers, etc. wear to protect their heads)安全帽◆a top hat(= a man's tall black or grey hat, worn with formal clothes on very formal occasions)高顶礼帽■helmet [countable] a type of hard hat that protects the head, worn, for example, by a police officer, a soldier or a person playing some sports头盔；防护帽◆It is illegal to ride a motorcycle without a crash helmet.骑摩托车不戴头盔是违法的。◆A protective helmet should be worn at all times.随时都应该头戴防护帽。■cap [countable] a type of soft flat hat with a peak(= a hard curved part sticking out in front); (usually in compounds) a soft hat that fits closely and is worn for a particular purpose（有帽舌的）便帽，制服帽；（某种）软帽◆a baseball cap棒球帽◆a cloth cap布帽◆a shower cap浴帽ⓘ A cap is often worn as part of a uniform. * cap常指与制服配套的帽子◆a school cap学生帽◆a soldier's / nurse's / chauffeur's cap军帽；护士帽；司机帽Or it is worn in order to protect or cover your hair.或指保护或盖住头发用的帽子◆a swimming cap泳帽◆a skullcap(= a small round cap worn especially by Jewish men and Catholic bishops)无檐便帽■crown [countable] an object in the shape of a circle, usually made of gold and precious stones, that a king or queen wears on his or her head on official occasions皇冠；王冠；冕◆the emperor's jewel-encrusted crown皇帝的镶满珠宝的皇冠■hood / /hʊd/ / [countable] a part of a coat, jacket, etc. that you can pull up to cover the back and top of your head兜帽，风帽（与外衣相连，可拉起蒙住头颈）◆a jacket with a detachable hood带有可拆卸风帽的夹克◆You can always put your hood up if it rains.下雨时可随时戴上兜帽。ⓘ A hood is also a piece of fabric put over sb's face and head so that they cannot be recognized, or so that they cannot see. * hood还指布面罩◆The victim was sitting tied to a chair with a black hood over her head.受害者被绑坐在椅子上，她头上蒙着黑色面罩。▸hooded
adjective
◆a hooded jacket带兜帽的夹克◆A hooded figure was waiting in the doorway.一个头戴兜帽的人在门口等着。■beret / /ˈbereɪ; NAmEbəˈreɪ/ [countable] a round flat cap made out of soft cloth and with a tight band around the head贝雷帽（圆扁无檐）◆a soldier wearing the light blue beret of the United Nations一个头戴联合国浅蓝色贝雷帽的士兵■headscarf /ˈhedskɑːf; NAmEˈhedskɑːrf/ (pluralheadscarves) [countable] a square piece of cloth worn by women and girls as a covering for the head, usually fastened or tied under the chin（女用）方头巾◆The number of women choosing to wear the Islamic headscarf is on the rise in this country.在这个国家，选择头戴伊斯兰头巾的妇女人数在增加。ⓘ Headscarf is often used as a general word to describe a head covering worn by a Muslim woman. * headscarf常用作对穆斯林妇女头巾的统称◆Muslim women wearing headscarves, known in Arabic as hijabs头戴阿拉伯语称作盖头的头巾的穆斯林妇女■turban /ˈtɜːbən; NAmEˈtɜːrbən/ [countable] a long piece of cloth wound tightly around the head, worn, for example, by Muslim or Sikh men; a woman's hat that looks like a turban（穆斯林或锡克教男教徒等用的）包头巾；（女用）头巾帽◆He was dressed all in white except for his red turban.他身穿一身白衣，只有包头巾是红色的。■headdress /ˈheddres/ / [countable] a covering worn on the head on special occasions, for example a religious ceremony or a carnival（宗教仪式、狂欢节等特殊场合戴的）头巾，头饰◆An elaborate feathered headdress completed her costume.戴上一个精致的羽毛头饰后，她的装束就完备了。ⓘ Headdress is also often used to describe the traditional head covering worn, for example by men living in hot, desert countries. It consists of a square of cloth that is folded and wrapped around the head to protect it from strong sun. If necessary it can also be drawn up over the chin and face to protect it from heat, sand, etc. * headdress还常指在炎热的沙漠国家里男性头戴的传统包头巾，即将方巾折叠后包住头以遮挡烈日，必要时可拉起来遮住下巴和脸来阻挡热气或沙尘等◆He was wearing traditional Arab robes and headdress.他穿着传统的阿拉伯长袍，头裹包头巾。■bonnet [countable] a hat tied with strings under the chin, worn by babies and, especially in the past, by women（带子系于下巴的）婴儿帽，旧式女帽◆a baby's bonnet婴儿帽◆an Easter bonnet复活节帽■headgear / /ˈhedgɪə(r); NAmEˈhedgɪr/ [uncountable] (ratherformal) anything worn on the head, for example a hat or helmet帽子；头盔◆Protective headgear must be worn at all times.要随时佩戴防护帽。■bandanna ( bandana) /bænˈdænə/ / [countable] a square or triangle-shaped piece of cloth worn around the head and tied with a knot at the back（系于脑后的）方巾，三角巾◆He was wearing dark glasses and a red bandanna.他戴着墨镜，头系红方巾。ⓘ Bandannas are usually brightly coloured and often patterned. They can also be worn around the neck. * bandanna通常色彩鲜艳且印有图案，也可系在脖子上。
lid
noun
lid ♦︎ top ♦︎ cork ♦︎ cap ♦︎ plugThese are all words for a cover for a container.这些词均表示容器的盖子、塞子。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a close-fitting / tight-fitting lid / top / cap◆a screw top / cap◆a pen lid / top◆to remove the lid / top / cork / cap / plug◆to put on / screw on / take off / unscrew the lid / top / cap◆to pull out the cork / plug■lid [countable] a cover over a container that can be removed or opened by turning or lifting it（容器的）盖，盖子◆You'll need a jar with a tight-fitting lid.你需要准备一个有密封盖的广口瓶。◆He cautiously lifted the lid of the box.他小心地打开了箱子盖。◆Replace the saucepan lid and simmer for 10 minutes.把汤锅的盖子重新盖好，用文火炖10分钟。■top [countable] a thing that you put over the end of sth such as a pen or bottle in order to close it帽；盖；塞◆Where's the top of my pen gone?我的钢笔帽哪儿去了？◆The jar has a tight-fitting screw top.这个广口瓶有一个密封的螺旋盖。■cork [countable] a small round object made of cork or plastic that is used for closing bottles, especially wine bottles（尤指酒瓶的）软木塞，塑料塞◆She pulled out the cork and poured a glass of wine.她拔出瓶塞，倒了一杯葡萄酒。■cap [countable] (often in compounds常构成复合词) a top for a pen or a protective cover for sth such as the lens of a camera（钢笔）帽；（照相机镜头等的）盖◆The safety cap should be completely waterproof.安全帽应该完全防水。◆a lens cap镜头盖■plug [countable] a piece of material that you put into a hole in order to block it; a flat round rubber or plastic thing that you put into the hole of a sink in order to stop the water from flowing out堵塞物；（洗涤池的）塞子◆We fixed the leak with a plug made from an old cloth.我们用旧布料弄成塞子堵住了漏洞。◆She pulled out the plug and let the water drain away.她拔起塞子放掉了水。
limit
verb
➡ See also the entry for ⇨ confine sb/sth to sth另见confine sb/sth to sth条limit ♦︎ control ♦︎ restrict ♦︎ curb ♦︎ contain ♦︎ check ♦︎ cap ♦︎ rein sth in ♦︎ suppress ♦︎ hold/keep sth in checkThese words all mean to stop sth increasing beyond a particular amount or level, from spreading or from getting worse.这些词均表示限制、抑制。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be limited / restricted to sth◆to limit / control / restrict / curb / check / cap / rein in spending◆to limit / control / restrict / curb / check growth◆to limit / control / curb / contain / check inflation◆to keep spending / inflation / growth in check◆to limit / control / restrict / curb / cap expenditure◆to limit / control / curb / contain / check the spread of sth◆to limit / control / check the expansion of sth◆to limit / control / restrict the size / number / extent / amount of sth◆to limit / control / restrict / curb / check your speed◆to drastically / greatly / severely limit / restrict / curb sth■limit [transitive] to stop sth from increasing beyond a particular amount or level限制；限定◆Calorie intake is strictly limited to 1 000 a day.热量的摄入严格限定在每天1 000大卡。◆The amount of money you have to spend will limit your choice.你要消费的金额限制着你的选择。◆They introduced measures to limit carbon dioxide emissions from cars.他们采取了措施限制汽车二氧化碳的排放。◆There is no evidence that the restrictions have limited the effectiveness of the advertising.没有证据表明这些规定制约了广告的效果。■control(-ll-) [transitive] to limit sth or make it happen in a particular way控制；限制；限定◆The government has announced new measures to control immigration.政府已宣布了限制外来移民的新措施。◆Many biological processes are controlled by hormones.许多生理过程都是由激素控制的。◆Parents should control what their kids watch on television.家长应该限定孩子看什么样的电视节目。■restrict [transitive] to limit the size, amount or range of sth限制，限定（规模、数量或范围）◆We restrict the number of students per class to ten.我们把每个班的学生人数限定为十人。◆They tried to control traffic congestion by restricting entry to the city.他们试图通过限定进城车辆的数量来防止交通拥堵。◆Fog severely restricted visibility.浓雾严重影响了能见度。◆There have been several attempts to restrict the sale of alcohol.曾做过几次限制酒精饮料销售的尝试。NOTE辨析 Limit or restrict?In many cases you can use either word; however, restrict is used more often to talk about limiting what people can do; limit is used both for limiting what people can do and for controlling the effects of sth.在许多情况下这两个词可以通用，但restrict更多指限定人的行为，limit既可指限定人的行为，也可指控制某事的效果◆to restrict carbon dioxide emissions from cars◆to restrict the effectiveness of advertising■curb[transitive] to control or limit sth, especially sth bad控制，抑制，约束（有害事物）◆A range of policies have been introduced aimed at curbing inflation.为了抑制通货膨胀已实施了一系列的政策。◆This legislation will greatly curb the power of local authorities.这次立法将大大限制地方当局的权力。■contain [transitive] (written) to stop sth harmful from spreading or getting worse防止⋯蔓延；防止⋯恶化◆Far more could have been done to contain the epidemic.本可以做更多事情来防止此次流行病的蔓延。◆He introduced repressive measures to contain the violence.他采取了一些遏止暴力行为的镇压措施。■check [transitive] to stop sth bad from continuing控制，抑制，阻止（有害事物）◆The government is determined to check the growth of public spending.政府决心要控制公共开支的增长。◆She tied some strips of cloth around the wound to check the bleeding.她在伤口上缠了些布条来止血。NOTE辨析 Curb, contain or check?To contain a problem is to stop it from getting worse or spreading over a larger area, but without actually getting rid of it from the areas where it already exists; to curb sth is to reduce it to a lower level; to check sth is to stop it altogether. * contain指防止问题恶化或蔓延，但并不能将其根除；curb指降低严重程度；check则指完全控制住。■cap(-pp-) [transitive, usually passive] (especially BrE) to limit the amount of money that can be charged for sth or spent on sth限额收取（或支出）◆We will continue to cap local government spending where necessary.必要时我们将继续限制地方政府的开支额度。◆The total annual fee is capped at 1.5 per cent.年费总额限定在1.5%。■ˌrein sth ˈinto start to control sth strictly, especially after it has been increasing too quickly（尤指增速过快后）严格控制，加强管理◆This is part of a battle to rein in public spending on health.此举是严控公共医疗开支这一艰巨工作的一环。◆If the situation continues, she may not be able to rein in the military much longer.如果这种局面继续下去，她对军队的控制力也许就维持不了多久了。■suppress / /səˈpres/ / [transitive] (written) to stop sth from growing, developing or continuing, especially a natural process or function压制，阻止，抑制（自然过程或功能）◆Slimming drugs do help to suppress appetite.减肥药确实能够抑制食欲。◆A 5 cm layer will suppress weed growth.一层5厘米厚的覆盖物就能抑制杂草的生长。OPPstimulate ⇨ stimulate■hold sth in ˈcheck■keep sth in ˈcheck
idiom
(held, held; kept, kept)to control sth that could be a problem, so that it does not spread or get worse控制，制止（以免蔓延或恶化）◆They want interest rates kept in check.他们希望利率控制在合理范围之内。◆We need to keep the rabbit population in check.我们需要控制兔子的数量。