| 例句 |
field noun
⇨ field (a farmer's field) ⇨ area 2 (a research field) ⇨ pitch (a sports field) ⇨ stretch (gas/ice fields) field noun field ♦︎ meadow ♦︎ pasture ♦︎ paddock ♦︎ grazingThese words all mean an area of land in the country where crops are grown or animals are kept. 这些词均表示田地、牧场。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in a field / a meadow / (a) pasture / a paddock◆open fields / meadows / pasture / grazing◆green / lush fields / meadows / pastures■ field [countable] an area of land in the country used for growing crops or keeping animals in, usually surrounded by a fence, wall or hedge 田；地；牧场◆Golden fields of wheat stretched as far as the eye could see.金色的麦田一望无际。◆We camped in a field near the village.我们在靠近村庄的田野里露营。■ meadow / /ˈmedəʊ; NAmE ˈmedoʊ/ [countable] a field with grass and often wild flowers in it, especially a field that is used for producing hay for animals to eat （尤指生产干牧草的）草地，牧场◆Traditional hay meadows are important wildlife areas.传统的干草牧场是重要的野生生物区。◆Water meadows (= fields next to a river that can be flooded) were constructed along the river valleys.沿着河谷建起了一些草甸。■ pasture /ˈpɑːstʃə(r); NAmE ˈpæstʃər/ [uncountable, countable] land covered with grass that is used for feeding animals on; grass or similar plants that are suitable for animals to eat 牧场；牧草地；牧草◆The cattle were put out to pasture.牛群散养在牧场上。◆Almost all the land is covered with rough pasture of low nutritional value.几乎整片土地都长满了营养价值很低的乱蓬蓬的牧草。■ paddock /ˈpædək/ / [countable] a small field where animals, especially horses, are kept （尤指牧马的）小围场◆There was an orchard and a paddock for the horses behind the house.房子后面有一个果园和一片牧马的小围场。■ grazing / /ˈgreɪzɪŋ/ / [uncountable] land with grass or similar plants that are suitable for animals to eat 牧场；草场◆There is poor grazing in the hills.山中有贫瘠的牧场。▸ graze verb [intransitive, transitive] ◆There were cows grazing beside the river.一些牛在河边吃草。◆The field had been grazed by sheep.这块地羊已经啃过了。 area2 noun rural/urban areas 乡村／城市地区areas of study/policy/growth 研究／政策／发展领域area ♦︎ sector ♦︎ field ♦︎ domain ♦︎ subject ♦︎ discipline ♦︎ sphere ♦︎ specialty ♦︎ realm ♦︎ branch ♦︎ specialismThese are all words for divisions of activity, knowledge or interest. 这些词均表示活动、知识或兴趣的领域、方面。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆within / outside the area / sector / field / domain / discipline / sphere / realm of sth◆beyond the domain / sphere / realm of sth◆the public / private / domestic sector / domain / sphere / realm◆the cultural sector / field / domain / sphere / realm◆the social sector / field / sphere / realm◆the economic / military sector / field / sphere◆(the) financial area / sector / sphere◆the political field / domain / sphere / realm◆(the) scientific field / subjects / disciplines / sphere◆to open up a (new) area / field / realm of sth◆to work in the area / sector / field / domain of sth◆to fall within / move into the area / sector / domain / realm of sth■ area [countable] a particular aspect or division of business, knowledge, politics or other activity （商业、知识、政治等活动的）领域，方面◆The report covers several areas of social policy.这份报告涉及社会政策的多个方面。◆Don't ask me about finance－that's Mark's area.别问我财务问题－那是马克负责的范围。◆The big growth area of recent years has been in health clubs.健身俱乐部是近年来发展迅速的领域。■ sector [countable] a part of an area of activity, especially of a country's economy （尤指一国经济活动的）部门，领域，行业◆Public sector institutions have much to learn from private sector companies.公共事业机构有很多地方需要向私营企业学习。◆the manufacturing / service sector制造业；服务业■ field [countable] an area of work or study that sb works in or is interested in 专业；学科；领域◆He was equally famous in the fields of politics and of science.他在政界和科学界同样著名。◆All of them are experts in their chosen field.他们在各自选定的专业中都是专家。◆This discovery has opened up a whole new field of research.这个发现开辟了一个崭新的研究领域。◆'How big was the bomb if it did all that damage?' 'I don't know. It's not my field (= that is not one of the subjects I know about).'“造成这么大的破坏，那颗炸弹得有多大？”“不知道，那不是我的专业。”■ domain / /dəˈmeɪn, dəʊˈmeɪn; NAmE doʊˈmeɪn/ [countable] an area of activity or knowledge, especially one that sb is responsible for （尤指专人负责的活动或知识的）领域，范围，范畴◆Physics used to be very much a male domain.物理学曾在很大程度上是男人的领域。◆Sensitive information should not be released into the public domain.敏感信息不应该对公有领域开放。■ subject [countable] an area of knowledge studied in a school, college or university 学科；科目；课程◆My favourite subject is biology.我最喜欢的学科是生物。◆The core subjects are English, maths and science.核心课程是英语、数学和自然科学。 see also subject ⇨ subject ■ discipline [countable] (formal) an area of knowledge; a subject that people study or are taught, especially at university 知识领域；（尤指大学的）学科，科目◆Scholars from various disciplines have been working on these problems.来自不同领域的学者一直致力于解决这些问题。■ sphere /sfɪə(r); NAmE sfɪr/ [countable] an area of activity, influence or interest; a particular section of society （活动、影响或兴趣的）范围，领域；（社会的）阶层◆Debate should be confined to the sphere of economics rather than politics.辩论应限定在经济领域而不是政治领域。◆This area was formerly within the sphere of influence of the US.这一地区先前属于美国的势力范围。◆He and I moved in totally different social spheres.我和他进入了完全不同的社会圈子。■ specialty /ˈspeʃəlti/ / [countable] (especially NAmE) an area of work or study that sb gives most of their attention to and knows a lot about; sth that sb is good at 专业；专长◆He is a lawyer with a specialty in international tax.他是专长于国际税法的律师。◆Telling jokes is my specialty!讲笑话是我的专长！■ realm / /relm/ / [countable] an area of activity, interest or knowledge （活动、兴趣或知识的）领域，场所◆Questions of consciousness lie outside the realm of physics.有关知觉的问题超出了物理学的领域。◆At the end of the speech he seemed to be moving into the realms of fantasy.讲话的最后，他似乎进入了虚幻的境地。ⓘ The word realm is often used to draw attention to the boundaries between one area of interest and another: things are within/outside/beyond the realms of sth or people enter/move into the realms of sth. * realm常用来强调一种兴趣领域与另一种兴趣领域之间的界限，常用表达方式为within/outside/beyond the realms of sth（在⋯领域之内／之外；超出⋯的领域）和enter/move into the realms of sth（进入⋯领域）。■ branch [countable] a division of a subject （学科的）分支◆The aim is to bring together researchers from different branches of geography.目的在于将地理学科不同分支的研究人员聚集到一起。■ specialism / /ˈspeʃəlɪzəm/ / [countable, uncountable] an area of study or work that sb officially gives most of their attention to, especially in the context of a course of study or a particular company （尤指研究方向或企业的）专业，专长◆He's doing a business degree with a specialism in computing.他正在读一个专修计算机技术的商学位。◆Dr Crane's specialism is tropical diseases.克兰博士的研究专长是热带病。 pitch noun pitch ♦︎ court ♦︎ stadium ♦︎ arena ♦︎ field ♦︎ ground ♦︎ playing field ♦︎ park ♦︎ ballparkThese words all mean an area of land that is used for playing and watching sports such as football, cricket and baseball. 这些词均表示球场、赛场。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in the stadium / arena / ground / park / ballpark◆on / off the pitch / court / field / playing field◆a sports pitch / stadium / arena / field / ground◆a football / cricket / rugby pitch / stadium / field / ground◆a baseball stadium / field / park■ pitch [countable] (BrE) an area of land specially prepared and marked for playing a sport such as football, rugby or cricket （足球、橄榄球或板球等的）球场，比赛场地◆The game ended in chaos with fans invading the pitch.球迷冲进赛场，球赛在一片混乱中结束。◆The rugby tour was a disaster both on and off the pitch (= they lost and there was trouble before / after the games).这次橄榄球巡回赛场内场外都是一场灾难。■ court [countable] a place where games such as tennis are played （网球等的）球场◆a tennis / squash / badminton court网球场；壁球场；羽毛球场◆He won after only 52 minutes on court.他上场仅52分钟就赢得了比赛。■ stadium / /ˈsteɪdiəm/ / (plural stadiums or stadia) [countable] an enclosed area of land with rows of seats around the sides where people can watch sports and entertainment 体育场；运动场◆Thousands of football fans packed into the stadium to watch the game.数千足球迷涌进体育场看这场球赛。◆They're planning to turn the football ground into an all-seater stadium.他们正计划把足球场改建成全坐席体育场。■ arena / /əˈriːnə/ / [countable] a place or hall with a large flat open area in the middle and rows of seats around the sides where people can watch sports and entertainment 圆形体育场；圆形剧场◆The band is due to play at Wembley arena on the 9th September.这个乐队将于9月9日在温布利体育馆演出。 see also amphitheatre ⇨ hall 1 NOTE 辨析 Stadium or arena?In many cases you can use either word. A stadium is usually open-air (= without a roof), but some modern stadiums have roofs that can extend over the playing area in bad weather. An arena may be open-air or inside a large building (for example for playing basketball or ice hockey). 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用。stadium通常是露天的，但是一些现代体育场有可以覆盖比赛场地的顶棚，用于恶劣天气。arena也许是露天的，也许建在大型建筑物内，如篮球或冰球场地。■ field [countable] (especially in compounds or fixed phrases 尤用于构成复合词或固定短语) an area of land used for playing a sport such as football, rugby, cricket or baseball （足球、橄榄球、板球或棒球的）场地◆Today they take the field (= play) against county champions Essex.今天他们上场和郡冠军队埃塞克斯队比赛。◆Players are only reselected if they retain their form on the field (= when playing).只有在场上保持良好状态的选手才能再次入选。■ ground [countable] (BrE) (often in compounds 常用于构成复合词) an area of land that is used for a particular sport or activity （特定运动或活动的）场地◆The council is spending £30 000 on new equipment for the recreation ground.政务委员会要花3万英镑为公共娱乐场地购置新设施。NOTE 辨析 Pitch, field or ground? Pitch is the main word in British English but is not used in American English. Both words are used to talk about the area of land that a game is played on. Ground is used to talk about the area of land where a sport is played, including any buildings or areas where spectators (= people watching the game) sit or stand. In some sports pitch and field have different meanings. For example, in cricket the pitch is a small strip in the middle of the field, where most of the action takes place. 英式英语中主要用pitch，但该词不用于美式英语。pitch和field均指比赛场地。ground指体育活动场地，包括容纳观众的建筑物或看台。在某些体育运动中，pitch和field词义不同，如板球运动中pitch（三柱门之间的区域）指field（球场）中间一狭长区域，大部分场上活动在这个区域展开。■ ˈplaying field [countable] a large area of grass, usually with lines marked on it, where people play sports and games （有草地的）运动场，操场◆The school's playing fields offer facilities for tennis, football, hockey and athletics.学校的运动场有网球、足球、曲棍球和田径等运动设施。 see also playground ⇨ park ■ park [countable] (NAmE) a piece of land for playing sports, especially baseball 运动场；（尤指）棒球场◆With a mighty swing he hit the ball right out of the park.他用力一挥把球打出了球场。■ ballpark /ˈbɔːlpɑːk; NAmE ˈbɔːlpɑːrk/ [countable] (especially NAmE) a place where baseball is played 棒球场◆Boston's Fenway Park remains the oldest major-league ballpark in use.波士顿的芬威公园仍然是目前正使用的历史最悠久的大联盟棒球场。 stretch noun stretch ♦︎ expanse ♦︎ tract ♦︎ fieldThese are all words for a large open area of land or water. 这些词均表示陆地或水域的一片、一段。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a stretch / an expanse / a tract / a field of sth◆a great / large / huge / vast stretch / expanse / tract / field◆a wide / broad / continuous / open / empty / deserted / barren stretch / expanse■ stretch [countable] an area of land or water （陆地或水域的）一片，一泓，一段◆This is a largely unspoilt stretch of coastline.这是一段基本上未破坏原貌的海岸线。◆The car overturned on a particularly dangerous stretch of road.那辆汽车在一段特别危险的路上翻了。◆A narrow stretch of water separates the island from the mainland.一片狭窄的水域把这个岛跟大陆分开了。◆You rarely see boats on this stretch of the river.这个河段几乎看不到船只。ⓘ Stretch is the most general of these words: a stretch may be long or short, wide or narrow, but it usually has a particular character ( unspoilt, dangerous, long, narrow) or you use stretch to refer to a particular part of a place ( this/that stretch of the river). * stretch在本组词中含义最广，它所表示的路段或水域可长可短，可宽可窄，但通常都具有某种特点，如unspoilt、dangerous、long、narrow（未遭破坏的／危险的／长的／窄的），或者用stretch来表示一个地方的某个部分，如this/that stretch of the river（这／那一河段）。 see also stretch ⇨ lead verb 3 ■ expanse / /ɪkˈspæns/ / [countable] a wide and open area of sth, especially land or water （尤指陆地或水域的）一大片，广阔的一片◆He gazed out over the huge expanses of open prairie.他凝视着外面那片辽阔的大草原。◆Above them was a vast expanse of blue sky.他们的头顶上是广阔无垠的蓝天。■ tract [countable] an area of land, especially a large one 大片土地；地带◆We flew over vast tracts of forest.我们飞过大片大片的森林。◆Whole tracts of the countryside have been turned into industrial wasteland.成片成片的乡间土地都变成了工业废地。■ field [countable] (usually in compounds 通常用于构成复合词) an area of land covered with a particular thing; an area from which a particular thing is obtained （覆盖着⋯的或有⋯的）土地，地方◆The territory is covered with snow, bare rock and ice fields.那个地方被白雪、裸岩和冰原所覆盖。◆Prisoners were sent to work in the gas fields in the north.囚犯们被遣送到北方的天然气田去干活。 |