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单词 file
例句
file noun
document (confidential files) envelope (a box file) row (in single file)
file verb
classify (filed alphabetically) present3 (file a lawsuit)
document

noun

document ♦︎ file ♦︎ papers ♦︎ archive ♦︎ deed ♦︎ paperwork ♦︎ dossierThese are all types of written paper containing information or records. 这些词均表示文件、文案、文档。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配a document / a file / the paperwork / a dossier on sb / sthin a document / a file / the archives / the paperwork / a dossierthe relevant document / file / papers / paperworkthe necessary documents / papers / paperwork(an) important document / papers / archiveconfidential documents / files / papers(a) personal / secret documents / file / papers / archive / dossier(a / an) official / government / state document / file / paper / archiveto prepare a document / a file / the paperwork / a dossierto draw up a document / papers / the paperworkto release a document / a file / papersto keep a document / a file / papers / an archive / the deeds / the paperwork / a dossierto leak a document / a file / papersto read (through) a document / a file / the papers / the paperwork / a dossierto study a document / papers / a dossier document [countable] an official paper or book that gives information about sth or that gives evidence or proof of sth; a computer file that contains text and that has a name that identifies it 文件;证件;(计算机)文档Keep all your travel documents in a safe place.请妥善保管您的所有旅行证件。This is an important legal document.这是一份重要的法律文件。They have produced a new policy document.他们制订了一份新的政策文件。The committee presented a discussion document (= to be discussed) at yesterday's meeting.昨天的会议上,委员会提交了一份讨论文件。Save the document before closing.关闭文档之前要先存盘。 see also documentation certificate file [countable] a collection of documents and the information they contain, for example about a particular person or subject; a collection of information stored together in a computer, under a particular name 档案;(计算机)文件The police were accused of keeping secret files on political activists.警方被指控存有政治活动人士的秘密档案。Please add this document to your files.请把这份文件归入你的档案。Exactly what information is kept in these files?这些档案里到底是什么内容?Your application will be kept on file.你的申请书将存档。Every file on the same disk must have a different name.同一磁盘里各个文件都必须有不同的文件名。 see also file envelope , file classify papers [plural] pieces of paper with writing on them such as letters, pieces of work or private documents 文件;文献His desk was covered with books and papers.他的办公桌上全是书和文件。I was sorting through his papers when I came upon a letter from my mother.我在整理他的文件时偶然发现一封我妈妈的来信。Papers can also be official documents that give you permission to do sth or prove your identity. * papers也可指官方证明或证件。 see also papers certificate archive /ˈɑːkaɪv; NAmE ˈɑːrkaɪv/ [countable] ( archives [plural]) a collection of historical documents or records of a government, family, place or organization 档案;档案库These papers are an important part of the national archive.这些文件是国家档案馆的一个重要组成部分。The data is now held in the company archives.这份资料现在保存在公司的档案室里。The recording is preserved in the BBC's sound archive.该录音保存在英国广播公司的音响档案库中。It is one of the most important film archives in the world.这是世界上最重要的胶片档案之一。 deed [countable] (often plural in British English 英式英语中常作复数) a legal document that you sign, especially one that proves that you own a house, a building or land (尤指房地产)契约,证书The deeds to the property are with my lawyer.这份房地产的契约在我的律师那里。Who currently keeps the title deed (= a deed showing who owns sth)?那份所有权凭证目前在谁手里? paperwork /ˈpeɪpəwɜːk; NAmE ˈpeɪpərwɜːrk/ [uncountable] all the documents that you need for sth, for example a court case or buying a house (诉讼案件、购置房产等所需的)全部文件,全部资料We can get the necessary paperwork signed tomorrow.明天我们就可以完成相关文件的签署手续了。 see also paperwork bureaucracy dossier /ˈdɒsieɪ; NAmE ˈdɔːsieɪ, ˈdɑːsieɪ/ [countable] (formal) a collection of documents that contain information about a person, event or subject 材料汇编;卷宗;档案They kept dossiers on all trade union members.他们保存着所有工会会员的档案。The group compiled a dossier of patients' complaints.该团体将病人的投诉汇编成册。
envelope

noun

envelope ♦︎ file ♦︎ folder ♦︎ binder ♦︎ clipboard ♦︎ portfolioThese words all mean a flat container or cover for holding sheets of paper. 这些词均表示信封、文件夹、活页夹等。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配in an envelope / a file / a folder / a binder / a portfolioa plastic envelope / folder / binder / clipboard / portfolioto open an envelope / a file / a folder / a binderan envelope / a file / a folder / a binder / a portfolio containing sth envelope [countable] a flat paper container used for sending letters in; a flat container made of plastic for keeping papers in 信封;塑料封套The envelope was addressed in my mother's round handwriting.信封上所写的姓名地址是我母亲那浑圆的笔迹。Each item was tagged and sealed in a plastic envelope.每件物品都贴了标签,封进了塑料封套。 file [countable] a box or folded piece of card, often with a wire or metal rod, used to store papers, letters and other documents in an ordered way, especially in an office 文件夹;卷宗A stack of files awaited me on my desk.我桌上有一堆文件等我处理。 (BrE) a lever arch / box file文件夹;文件箱 (NAmE) a file folder文件夹 see also file document noun , file classify verb folder / /ˈfəʊldə(r); NAmE ˈfoʊldər/ [countable] a cover for holding loose papers together, especially one made out of a piece of plastic or cardboard that is folded around the paper 文件夹;纸夹There were two new buff folders on my desk.我桌上有两个崭新的浅褐色文件夹。 binder /ˈbaɪndə(r)/ / [countable] a hard cover that keeps sheets of paper or magazines together by holding them along one edge 活页夹Subscribe today and get a free binder with your first issue.现在订阅,第一期能免费得到一个活页夹。a ring binder穿孔活页夹NOTE 辨析 Folder or binder? Folder has a wider range of meaning than binder. A binder usually holds pieces of paper together as if they were pages in a book. Some kinds of folder can also be called binders, especially if they have a way of holding paper in place. * folder的含义比binder宽泛。binder通常指多张单页装订成册。某些样式的folder也可称作binder,尤其是当单页可固定在一起时。 clipboard /ˈklɪpbɔːd; NAmE ˈklɪpbɔːrd/ [countable] a small board with a clip at the top for holding papers, used by sb who wants to write while standing or moving around 写字夹板;带夹写字板Add your name to the list on the clipboard.把你的名字添加到写字板上的名单里。 portfolio /pɔːtˈfəʊliəʊ; NAmE pɔːrtˈfoʊlioʊ/ (plural portfolios) [countable] a large thin flat case used for carrying and protecting drawings, photographs or documents 文件夹;公事包Under his arm he carried a large portfolio of drawings.他腋下夹着一大夹子的画。
row / /rəʊ; NAmE roʊ/

noun

row ♦︎ line ♦︎ queue ♦︎ rank ♦︎ cordon ♦︎ file ♦︎ columnThese are all words for a number of people or things all standing next to each other or one behind the other. 这些词均表示一排、一列、一行。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配a row / line / queue / rank / file / column of sb / sthin a row / (a) line / a queue / file / a columna row / line / queue of peoplea line / queue of traffic(an) orderly row / line / queue / ranksto form a line / queue / cordonto join a line / queuea line / queue / cordon forms row [countable] a number of people standing or sitting next to each other in a line; a number of objects arranged in a line; a line of seats in a theatre, cinema, etc. 一排;一列;一行;(剧院、电影院等的)一排座位a row of children / houses / trees一排儿童/房屋/树木We sat in a row at the back of the room.我们在屋子的后面坐成一排。The vegetables were planted in neat rows.蔬菜种得整整齐齐。Let's sit in the back row.我们坐在最后一排吧。Our seats are five rows from the front.我们的座位在前面第五排。 line [countable] a row of people or things next to each other or behind each other 排;行;列The children all stood in a line.孩子们全都站成一排。They were stuck in a line of traffic.他们塞在汽车长龙里面了。We had to stand / wait in line for hours to get tickets.我们必须站队/排队等候数小时才能买到票。A line formed at each teller window.银行每个出纳员的窗口前都排起了队。 ˌline ˈup, ˌline sb/sth ˈup

phrasal verb

Line up, children!孩子们,列队排好!The suspects were lined up against the wall.这些嫌疑人靠墙站成一排。
NOTE 辨析 Row or line?People or things that are in a row are next to each other from side to side; people or things that are in a line can be next to each other from side to side, but are more often one behind the other from front to back. A row is often more permanent than a line. * row指人或事物横着排成一排,line可指人或事物横着排成一排,但更常指竖着排成一列。row常指比line更持久的排列a row of houses / shops / buildings一排房屋/店铺/建筑People or vehicles in a row are not moving or waiting for anything; people or vehicles in a line usually are. * row可指人或车辆排成一列没有移动或在等待,line则可指人或车辆虽排成一行,但通常是移动中的a row of parked cars一行停着的汽车There was a line of traffic waiting at the lights.一队车辆在等交通信号灯。
queue /kjuː/ / [countable] (BrE) a line of people, cars, etc. waiting for sth or to do sth (人、汽车等的)队,行列I had to join a queue for the toilets.我只得排队等着上厕所。There was a queue of traffic waiting to turn right.有一队车辆等着右转弯。 queue

verb

[intransitive] (BrE) We had to queue up for an hour for the tickets.我们只得排一个小时的队买票。Queue here for taxis.等出租车在这里排队。
NOTE 辨析 Line or queue?If you are waiting for sth, the usual word in British English is queue; in American English use line. To line up is to form a line; to be in a line, waiting for sth is to stand/wait in line in American English, or to queue or queue up in British English. 等候的队列在英式英语中常用queue,在美式英语中用line。line up指排成一队。排队等候在美式英语中用stand/wait in line,在英式英语中用queue或queue up。
rank [countable, usually plural] a row of soldiers or police standing next to each other; a row of people or things (士兵或警察的)队列,行列;排;行;列They watched as ranks of marching infantry passed the window.他们看着步兵列队从窗前走过。They fired at random into the enemy ranks.他们向敌人的队列随意开火。massed ranks of spectators聚集起来的旁观者的行列There were ranks of trestle tables piled high with food.一排排搁板桌上食物堆得高高的。 cordon /ˈkɔːdn; NAmE ˈkɔːrdn/ [countable] a line or ring of police officers, soldiers, etc. guarding sth or stopping people from entering or leaving a place (由警察、士兵等组成的)警戒线,封锁线Demonstrators tried to break through the police cordon.示威群众试图冲破警察的封锁线。 see also cordon sth off separate verb 2 file [countable] a line of people or things, one behind the other 一路纵队They made their way in single file along the cliff path.他们一个接着一个沿悬崖上的小径前进。In this meaning file is most often used in the phrase in single file. 表达此义时,file最常用于短语in single file。 file

verb

[intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) The doors of the museum opened and the visitors began to file in.博物馆开门了,参观者鱼贯而入。
column [countable] (rather formal, especially written) a long, moving line of people or vehicles (人或车辆排队移动的)长列,纵队a long column of troops and tanks部队和坦克的长列纵队
classify

verb

classify ♦︎ file ♦︎ sort ♦︎ categorize ♦︎ class ♦︎ group ♦︎ bracketThese words all mean to arrange people or things into groups because they are similar. 这些词均表示分类、归类。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配to classify / sort / categorize / group sb / sth according to sthto classify / file / categorize / class / group / bracket sb / sth as sthto classify / file / sort / categorize / class / group sb / sth under sthto classify / categorize / class / group / bracket sb / sth with sthto classify / sort / categorize / group sb / sth into sthto classify / sort / categorize / group sb / sth by sthto classify / file / class sth alongside sthto classify / file / class / group / bracket sb / sth together classify / /ˈklæsɪfaɪ/ / [transitive] to arrange things in groups according to features that they have in common; to decide which group sb/sth belongs to 将⋯分类;划分;归入The books in the library are classified according to subject.图书馆的书按学科分类。Soils can be classified under two main headings.土壤可以分为两大类。The study recorded and classified accidents over a period of a year.这项研究对一年中的事故进行了记录和分类。Eleven accidents were classified as major.有十一起事故被列为重大事故。 see also classification category file [transitive] to put and keep things such as documents in a particular place and in a particular order so that you can find them easily; to put a document into a file 把(文件等)归档The forms should be filed alphabetically.这些表格应该按字母顺序归档。Wynne-Jones should be filed under 'W'.温-琼斯应当归到字母W下。The report was filed away in the archives.那份报告归档了。 see also file document , file envelope sort [transitive] to arrange things in groups or in a particular order according to their type; to separate things according to their type 整理;把⋯分类The mail is sorted automatically.信件自动分拣。The documents were sorted by age and type.那些文件根据年代和类型分了类。Waste is sorted for recycling.对垃圾进行分类作回收利用。 see also sort kind noun categorize / /ˈkætəgəraɪz/ / ( categorise) [transitive] to decide what type people or things are and put them in a group with others of the same type 将⋯分类;将⋯归类Her latest work cannot be categorized as either a novel or an autobiography.她的新作既不属于小说,也不属于自传。Some types of investment risk are difficult to categorize.某些投资风险类型难以归类。 see also category category class [transitive, often passive] to think or decide that sb/sth is a particular type of person or thing 把⋯看作;把⋯分类;把⋯归类Prisoners classed as illiterate were given a basic education.为不识字的囚犯提供基础教育。I wouldn't have classed you as a Shakespeare fan.我本不该把你归为莎士比亚迷。 see also class category noun group [transitive] to arrange people or things into groups according to features that they share, to make it easier to deal with them 将⋯分类;把⋯分组Topics for the second year can be grouped under three headings.第二年的科目可以分为三类。 bracket [transitive, often passive] to consider people or things to be similar or connected in some way 把⋯等同考虑;把⋯相提并论The two writers are often bracketed together by critics.评论界经常将这两位作家相提并论。 see also bracket category noun
present3

verb

present a new product 推出新产品present sth as a victory 把某事描述成胜利present a report 提交报告present a TV show 主持电视节目present ♦︎ submit ♦︎ file ♦︎ hand sth in ♦︎ lodge ♦︎ table ♦︎ send sth in ♦︎ register ♦︎ put sth inThese words all mean to offer sth for other people to consider or deal with. 这些词均表示提出、提交。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配to present / submit / hand sth in / send in / put in sth to sbto present / submit / file / lodge / send in / register / put in an applicationto present / submit / file / lodge / register / put in a claim / complaintto present / submit / file / lodge an appealto submit / file / lodge / register a / an objection / protestto present / submit / put in a proposal / requestto present / submit / table a bill / motion / resolutionto present / register / send in your viewsto present / submit / file / send in a reportto formally present / submit / file / table / register sth present [transitive] to offer sth for other people to consider 提出;提交Eight options were presented for consideration.已提出八种备选方案供审议。Are you presenting a paper at the conference?你要在大会上宣读论文吗?He presents a convincing case.他展示了一个有说服力的案例。 presentation

noun

[uncountable] The trial was adjourned following the presentation of new evidence to the court.新证据呈给法庭后,审讯就宣告暂停。
submit / /səbˈmɪt/ / (-tt-) [transitive] (rather formal) to give a document or proposal to sb in authority so that they can study or consider it 提交,呈递(文件或建议)They have submitted an application for planning permission to build an extension.他们已经提交了扩建申请。Completed projects must be submitted by 10 March.完成的方案必须在3月10号前提交。 submission / /səbˈmɪʃn/ /

noun

[uncountable] When is the date for the submission of proposals?哪一天要提交建议书?
file [transitive, intransitive] to submit a legal document, claim or charge so that it can be officially recorded and dealt with; (of a journalist) to send a report or story to a newspaper or news organization 提交(法律文件);提出(索赔申请);提起(诉讼);(记者)发送(报道给报社)He filed a lawsuit against the company for $100 000 in damages.他向这家公司提起诉讼,要求赔偿10万元的损害赔偿金。She decided to file for divorce.她决定提出离婚申请。More than one correspondent filed a story describing the spectacle of a cruise missile travelling up the street.不止一个新闻记者撰写报道描述巡航导弹穿越街头的壮观场面。You can also file a suit, a claim, a petition, an appeal, an application, charges or for bankruptcy. 与file搭配的词还有suit、claim、petition、appeal、application、charge或for bankruptcy。 ˌhand sth ˈin

phrasal verb

to give sth to a person in authority, especially a piece of work or sth that is lost 提交,呈交,上交(尤指书面材料或失物)You must hand in this homework by the end of the week.这份作业必须在周末前上交。I handed the watch in to the police.我把那块表交给了警察。I advise you to hand in your notice (= formally tell your employer that you want to stop working for them).我建议你递交辞呈。
lodge [transitive] (formal) to make a formal statement about sth to a public organization or authority (向公共机构或当局)正式提出(声明)They lodged a compensation claim against the factory.他们向工厂提出了赔偿要求。Portugal has lodged a complaint with the International Court of Justice.葡萄牙已经向国际法院提出申诉。You can also lodge an appeal, an application, an objection or a protest. * lodge还可以与appeal、application、objection或protest搭配。 table [transitive] (BrE) to present sth formally for discussion 把⋯提交讨论They have tabled a motion for debate at the next Party Conference.他们已经提出一项动议,在下次党大会上进行辩论。You can also table an amendment, a motion, a question or a resolution. * table还可以与amendment、motion、question或resolution搭配。 See also the entry for propose 另见propose条 ˌsend sth ˈin

phrasal verb

(sent, sent)to send sth by post to a place where it will be dealt with 寄去(处理)Have you sent in your application yet?你的申请书寄出去了吗?
register [transitive] (formal) to make your opinion known officially or publicly (正式地或公开地)发表意见,提出主张China has registered a protest over foreign intervention.中国对外国干涉正式提出了抗议。You can also register your view, opinion, disapproval or a complaint. When you register your opinion, you are usually making your disapproval of sth known. * register还可以与view、opinion、disapproval或complaint搭配。register通常指公开表态反对某事。 ˌput sth ˈin

phrasal verb

(putting, put, put)to officially make a claim or request 正式提出(索赔或要求)The company has put in a claim for damages.这家公司已经提出赔偿损失的要求。You can also put in a bid, an offer, a request or a proposal. * put in还可以与bid、offer、request或proposal搭配。
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