| 例句 |
gather verb
⇨ collect (gather your things) ⇨ conclude (So I gather.) ⇨ fold (He gathered his cloak around him.) ⇨ harvest (gather the harvest) ⇨ meet 1 (a crowd gathers)collect verb collect ♦︎ gather ♦︎ accumulate ♦︎ rack up sth ♦︎ run sth up ♦︎ amass ♦︎ accrueThese words all mean to get more of sth over a period of time, or to increase in quantity over a period of time. 这些词均表示收集、积累。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to collect / gather / accumulate / amass data / evidence / information◆to accumulate / rack up / run up / amass / accrue debts◆to accumulate / rack up / run up / accrue losses◆to accumulate / rack up profit◆to accumulate / amass a fortune◆to accumulate / accrue interest◆debts accumulate / accrue◆dirt / dust / debris collects / accumulates◆to gradually / slowly / steadily collect / gather / accumulate (sth)■ collect [transitive, intransitive] to bring things or information together from different people or places; to gradually increase in amount in a place 收集；采集；积聚；积累◆We've been collecting data from various sources.我们一直从不同来源收集数据。◆Samples were collected from over 200 patients.样本是从200多个病人那里采集得来的。◆We seem to have collected an enormous number of boxes (= without intending to).我们似乎无意中积存了大量盒子。◆Dirt had collected in the corners of the room.房间的角落里积满了灰尘。ⓘ People sometimes collect things of a particular type as a hobby. * collect可指作为爱好而收藏◆to collect stamps / postcards / fossils集邮；收集明信片；收藏化石 ■ gather [transitive] to bring things together that have been spread around; to collect information from different sources 收拢，归拢（分散的东西）；搜集，收集（情报）◆I waited while he gathered up his papers.他整理文件时我在一旁等待。◆She gathered her things together and got to her feet.她把她的东西归拢在一起，站了起来。◆Detectives have spent months gathering evidence.侦探花了数月时间搜集证据。NOTE 辨析 Collect or gather?Both collect and gather can be used in the same way to talk about bringing together data, information or evidence. When talking about things, gather is used with words like things, belongings or papers when the things are spread around within a short distance. Collect is used to talk about getting examples of sth from different people or places that are physically separated. * collect和gather均可指收集数据、信息或证据。表示收集物品时，gather可以和things、belongings或papers等搭配，表示归拢分散在不远处的东西。collect可指从较为分散的人或地方采集样本。■ accumulate / /əˈkjuːmjəleɪt/ / [transitive, intransitive] (rather formal) to gradually get more and more of sth over a period of time; to gradually increase in number or amount over a period of time 积累；积聚；（数量或数额）逐渐增加◆I seem to have accumulated a lot of books.我好像已经积了很多书。◆By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune.她投资精明，积累了一笔财富。◆Debts began to accumulate.债务开始增加。◆Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly.如果房间没有定期打扫，很快就会积尘。▸ accumulation noun [uncountable, countable] ◆the accumulation of wealth财富的积累◆an accumulation of toxic chemicals有毒化学物质的积聚NOTE 辨析 Collect or accumulate?Dust and dirt or some other material can collect or accumulate in a place if it gradually increases in amount over a period of time. Collect is used especially when a small amount of dust or dirt gets stuck in places that are hard to clean. * collect或accumulate均可指尘垢或其他物质在一段时间内逐渐累积。collect尤指少量尘埃或污垢积于某处，难以清除◆Food debris collects in holes in the teeth.食物残渣在齿洞里积聚。 Accumulate is used especially about a larger amount of material that increases very gradually over a very long period of time. * accumulate尤指大量物质在很长的时期逐渐累积◆The sediment accumulates over millions of years.沉积物历经几百万年逐渐沉积。 ■ ˌrack ˈup sth phrasal verb (rather informal, business 商业 or journalism 新闻) to collect sth, such as profits or losses in a business, or points in a competition 累积，聚集（利润、亏损等）；累计取得（得分）◆The company racked up $200 million in losses in two years.该公司两年内损失累计达2亿元。◆In ten years of boxing he racked up a record 176 wins.在十年的拳击生涯中，他累计获胜176次，创下纪录。■ ˌrun sth ˈup phrasal verb (running, ran, ran) (rather informal) to allow a bill, debt or loss to reach a large total 积欠（账款、债务或亏损）；累积◆She had run up a huge phone bill during the course of the relationship.在那段交往中，她积下了数额庞大的电话费。ⓘ Run up is nearly always used with bill, debt or loss. * run up几乎总是与bill、debt或loss连用。■ amass / /əˈmæs/ / [transitive] (especially written) to collect sth in large amounts, especially money, debts or information （大量）积累，积聚（尤指金钱、债务或信息）◆He amassed a fortune from silver mining.他靠开采银矿积累了一大笔财富。◆They amassed enough evidence to convict her.他们搜集了足够证据给她定罪。■ accrue / /əˈkruː/ / [transitive] (formal) to allow a sum of money or debts to grow over a period of time 积累（金钱或债务）◆The money was placed in a special account to accrue interest.那笔钱放在一个专门账户下生息。◆The firm had accrued debts of over $6m.该公司已积欠了600多万元的债务。 conclude verb conclude ♦︎ understand ♦︎ figure ♦︎ infer ♦︎ deduce ♦︎ gather ♦︎ reason ♦︎ read sth into sthThese words all mean to decide or believe sth according to the evidence or information that you have. 这些词均表示根据已有证据或信息认定、推断、推论。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to conclude / understand / figure / infer / deduce / gather / reason from sth◆to conclude / understand / figure / infer / deduce / gather sth about sth◆to conclude / understand / figure / infer / deduce / gather / reason that...◆to figure / deduce what / how / who / why...◆It is concluded / understood / inferred / deduced / reasoned that...◆It can be concluded / inferred / deduced that...■ conclude [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to decide or believe sth on the basis of the information that you have 断定；推断出；得出结论◆What do you conclude from that?你从中得出什么结论？◆The report concluded that the cheapest option was to close the laboratory.这份报告认为最省钱的做法是关闭实验室。■ understand (understood, understood) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (rather formal) to think or believe that sth is true because you have been told that it is 得知；据信；认为◆Am I to understand that you refuse?你的意思是你拒绝了？◆The prime minister is understood to have been extremely angry about the report.据说首相对这份报告大为恼火。 see also understanding ⇨ definition ■ figure [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (rather informal) to think or decide that sth will happen or is true 认为，认定（某事将发生或属实）◆I figured (that) if I took the night train, I could be in Scotland by morning.我认为，如果我坐夜班火车，早上就可以到苏格兰。◆There was only one thing to do, he figured.他认为只有一件事可以做。■ infer / /ɪnˈfɜː(r)/ / (-rr-) [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) to form an opinion or decide that sth is true using evidence and reasoning, not statements of fact 推断；推论；推理◆Much of the meaning can be inferred from the context.大部分含义可以从上下文中推断。◆It is reasonable to infer that the government knew all about this.有理由推想政府对所有这一切是知情的。■ deduce /dɪˈdjuːs; NAmE dɪˈduːs/ [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to find out a fact or the answer to a question using evidence and reasoning 推论；推断；演绎◆We can deduce a lot from what people spend their money on.我们可以从人们把钱花在什么地方推断出许多事情。NOTE 辨析 Infer or deduce?In many cases, you can use either of these words, but there can be a slight difference in meaning: sth that you infer is probably true, considering the evidence available; sth that you deduce logically has to be true, considering the facts. 在许多情况下这两个词可通用，但意思略有不同：infer是根据现有证据推断某事可能属实；deduce是根据事实从逻辑上推断某事必然如此。■ gather [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (rather informal, especially spoken) to think or believe that sth is true because you have been told that it is 得知；据信；认为◆I gather you wanted to see me.我猜你想见我。◆'There's been a delay.' 'So I gather.'“已经耽搁了。”“我也这么认为。”◆As far as I can gather, he got involved in a fight.据我了解，他卷入了一场斗争。◆From what they could gather, there had been some kind of problem back at the base.从他们了解的情况看，事情的根源出了点问题。NOTE 辨析 Understand or gather?Both of these words are often used in spoken English, but understand is more formal than gather. Gather can suggest greater activity than understand: what you understand is what you have been told, usually without asking; what you gather is either what you have been told, or what you have found out by asking people. Gather, but not understand, is often used with can/could. 这两个词均常用于口语，但understand比gather正式。相比understand，gather意味着付出更多的努力才得知信息：understand表示所知悉的情况是别人告知的，通常不用主动询问；gather表示所知悉的情况可能是别人告知的，也可能是主动打听到的。gather，而非understand，常和can/could连用◆As far as I can understand... ◆From what they could understand... ■ reason [transitive, intransitive] to form a judgement about sth by considering the facts and using your power to think in a logical way 推理；推论；推断◆They reasoned, correctly, that the enemy would not attempt an attack at night.他们作出了正确推断，敌人不会企图发动夜袭。 see also reason ⇨ reason noun , reasoned ⇨ rational , reasoning ⇨ reasoning ■ ˌread sth ˈinto sth phrasal verb (read, read)to conclude that sth has a particular meaning, especially when you think it means more than it really does 过度解读；对⋯作过多理解◆Yes, he's going over to talk to her, but don't read too much into it.是的，他要过去和她谈谈，但不要想太多。 fold verb fold ♦︎ tuck ♦︎ roll ♦︎ gatherThese words all mean to arrange sth such as clothing, fabric or paper or by bending or pulling it. 这些词均表示折叠、卷起、收拢。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to fold / tuck / roll / gather (sth) up◆to fold / tuck / gather sth around sb / sth■ fold [transitive, intransitive] to bend sth, especially paper or fabric, so that one part lies on top of another part; to bend sth so that it becomes smaller or flatter and can be stored or carried more easily; to bend or be able to bend in this way 折叠，对折（纸、织物等）；（可）折小，（可）叠平（以便贮存或携带）◆He folded the map up and put it in his pocket.他把地图折叠起来，放进了衣袋。◆First, fold the paper in half.首先，把纸对折起来。◆The blankets had been folded down.毛毯已折叠起来。◆The bird folded its wings.鸟收起了翅膀。◆The bed can be folded away during the day.这床在白天可以折叠收起。◆The table folds up when not in use.这桌子不用时可以折叠起来。OPP unfold ⇨ spread ■ tuck [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to push, fold or turn the ends or edges of fabric, clothes or paper so that they are held in place or look neat 把（织物、衣服或纸张的边缘）塞进，折叠，卷起◆She tucked up her skirt and waded into the river.她撩起裙子蹚水走进河里。◆Tuck your shirt in (= into your trousers).把你的衬衫掖进裤子里。◆Tuck the flap of the envelope in.把信封的口盖塞进信封里。■ roll [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to fold the edge of a piece of clothing or fabric over and over on itself to make it shorter 把（衣服或织物的边）卷起来◆Roll up your sleeves.把你的袖子挽起来。◆She rolled her jeans to her knees.她把牛仔裤卷到了膝盖处。■ gather [transitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to pull a piece of clothing tighter to your body 收紧，拢起（衣服）◆She gathered up her skirts and ran.她提起裙摆就跑。 harvest verb harvest ♦︎ pick ♦︎ gatherThese words all mean to take and collect plants for food. 这些词均表示收获粮食、收割。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to harvest / pick / gather fruit◆to harvest / gather a crop■ harvest /ˈhɑːvɪst; NAmE ˈhɑːrvɪst/ [intransitive, transitive] to cut and collect a crop; to catch and collect a large number of animals to eat 收割（庄稼）；捕获（动物）◆Winter wheat is harvested in late July and early August.冬小麦要在7月底8月初收割。◆In the US, more than 130 000 tons of live oysters are harvested each year.在美国，每年可捕捞13万多吨的生蚝。▸ harvest noun [countable, uncountable] ◆the grain harvest谷物的收成◆at harvest time在收获季节■ pick [transitive] to take and collect part of a plant such as the flowers or fruit 摘，采（花或果实等）◆They picked some flowers and arranged them into a beautiful bouquet.他们采了些花，做成了一个漂亮的花束。◆to pick grapes / strawberries / cotton摘葡萄；摘草莓；采棉花■ gather [transitive] (rather formal or literary) to pick or cut and collect crops to be stored; to collect wild plants or fruit from a wide area 收获，收割（庄稼，以作贮备）；采集（野生植物或果实）◆It was late August and the harvest had been safely gathered in.已是8月下旬，庄稼都妥善收割完毕。◆They lived in the forest, gathering mushrooms and berries to eat.他们住在森林里，采食蘑菇和野莓。 meet1 verb meet for a drink/talks 相聚喝一杯；举行会谈meet by chance 偶遇meet sb for the first time 初识某人meet sb's needs/conditions 满足某人的需要／条件meet ♦︎ meet with sb ♦︎ gather ♦︎ get together ♦︎ assemble ♦︎ mass ♦︎ rally ♦︎ convene ♦︎ meet upThese words all refer to people coming together in order to do sth. 这些词均表示集合、聚集、开会。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to meet / meet with sb / gather / get together / assemble / mass / rally / convene / meet up for sth◆to meet / get together / meet up with sb◆crowds / supporters gather / assemble / rally◆people gather / assemble / mass◆to meet / meet with sb / gather / get together / convene regularly■ meet (met, met) [intransitive, transitive, no passive] to come together formally in order to discuss sth; to come together socially after you have arranged it 开会；会晤；（与某人）会面；集合◆The committee meets on Fridays.委员会每周五开会。◆Let's meet for a drink after work.下班后我们一起去喝一杯吧。◆The Prime Minister met other European leaders for talks.首相与其他欧洲首脑举行了会谈。◆We're meeting them outside the theatre at 7.我们7点钟在剧院外面与他们会合。■ ˈmeet with sb phrasal verb (met, met) (especially NAmE) to meet sb, especially for discussions 和某人会晤（商讨问题等）◆The President met with senior White House aides.总统会见了白宫的高级助理。■ gather [intransitive] to come together in one place to form a group 聚集；集合◆A crowd soon gathered.很快就聚集了一群人。◆Can you all gather round? I've got something to tell you.你们都围过来好吗？我有事要告诉你们。◆His supporters gathered in the main square.他的支持者聚集在主广场上。■ ˌget toˈgether phrasal verb (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) (rather informal) to meet sb socially or in order to discuss sth 举行社交聚会；开会◆We must get together for a drink sometime.我们得找个时间聚在一起喝一杯。◆We all get together every year at Christmas.我们大家每年圣诞节都要聚一聚。◆Management should get together with the union.资方应与工会一起开个会。ⓘ Get together is slightly more informal than meet and is usually used for less definite arrangements. * get together较meet略非正式，通常表示不太确定的安排◆The committee gets together on Fridays. ◆We're getting together outside the theatre at 7. see also get-together ⇨ event 2 ■ assemble / /əˈsembl/ / [intransitive] (rather formal) to come together as a group 聚集；集合◆The students were asked to assemble in the hall.学生获通知到礼堂集合。■ mass [intransitive] to come together in large numbers 集结；聚集◆Demonstrators had massed outside the embassy.示威者聚集在大使馆外面。◆Dark clouds massed on the horizon.天边乌云密布。NOTE 辨析 Gather, assemble, or mass? Gather is the most general of the three words, and can be used to talk about large or small groups of people coming together. Assemble is a more formal word and is used about more formal meetings, when a group of people has been told to meet in one place and it has not happened by accident. Mass emphasizes the large number of people involved. * gather在这三个词中含义最广，指大量或少量的人聚集均可。assemble较正式，指一群人接到告知后在某处集合，这种较为正式的集会往往并非出于偶然。mass强调聚集的人很多。■ rally [intransitive] to come together in order to help or support sb/sth 集合，联合起来（以提供帮助或支持）◆The cabinet rallied behind the Prime Minister.内阁团结一致支持首相。◆Many national newspapers rallied to his support.许多全国性报纸一致对他表示支持。ⓘ When people rally they don't always literally come together in one place, but they act together to give sb/sth their support. * rally并非总是指人们真的聚集在某处，而是表示人们一致行动以支持某人或某事物。■ convene / /kənˈviːn/ / [intransitive] (formal) to come together for a formal meeting （为正式会议）聚集，集合◆The committee will convene at 11.30 next Thursday.委员会将在下星期四11:30开会。■ ˌmeet ˈup phrasal verb (met, met) (rather informal) to meet sb, especially by arrangement （尤指按事先约定）见面，会面◆I met up with him later for a drink.后来我跟他一起喝了酒。 |