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gift noun
⇨ gift (a birthday gift) ⇨ skill 1 (have a gift for music) gift noun gift ♦︎ present ♦︎ donation ♦︎ contribution ♦︎ tip ♦︎ gratuity ♦︎ handoutThese are all words for a thing that you give to sb, for example on a special occasion, to help them, or to say thank you. 这些词均表示礼物，馈赠品、谢礼。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a gift / present / donation / contribution / tip / gratuity / handout for / from sb◆a gift / present / donation / contribution to sb / sth◆£50 000, $10, etc. in gifts / donations / contributions / tips / handouts◆a small gift / present / donation / contribution / tip / gratuity◆a large / generous gift / present / donation / contribution / tip◆a / an birthday / wedding / anniversary / Christmas gift / present◆a cash gift / donation / handout◆a free gift / handout◆to get a gift / present / donation / contribution / tip / handout◆to receive a gift / present / donation / contribution / gratuity◆to send (sb) a gift / present / donation / contribution◆to leave (sb) a gift / present / donation / tip / gratuity◆to give (sb) a gift / present / donation / tip◆to make a donation / contribution■ gift [countable] (rather formal, especially written) a thing or a sum of money that you give to sb 礼物；赠品；礼金◆There's a free gift for every reader.每位读者均有赠品。◆The gift of love is the greatest gift a person can give or receive.爱是一个人可以给予或接受的最好的礼物。◆The party was originally funded by a gift of £50 000 from a top motor manufacturer.最初，一家顶尖汽车制造商赠送5万英镑资助了这个政党。◆ (BrE) All such posts are in the gift of the managing director (= only given by the managing director).所有这些职位都由总经理任命。 see also give ⇨ give 5 ■ present [countable] a thing that you give to sb, especially on a special occasion or to say thank you （尤指在特殊场合赠送或表示感谢的）礼物，礼品◆What can I get him for a birthday present?我给他送什么生日礼物好呢？NOTE 辨析 Gift or present? Gift is more formal than present and is used especially in business contexts: a store will advertise its Christmas gift ideas; the people who buy them will talk about the Christmas presents they have bought for family and friends. A present is usually given by and to an individual; a gift may be given by a company ( a corporate gift) and/or to an organization. A present is usually an object, but a gift may be a sum of money, or sth such as the gift of love/life. * gift比present正式，尤用于商务语境。商店作广告宣传的圣诞礼物创意用Christmas gift idea，为家人或朋友购买的圣诞礼物用Christmas present。present通常为个人赠送或收到的礼物，gift可以是公司或机构赠送或收到的礼物，如a corporate gift。present通常为物品，但gift可以是一笔钱，或另类形式的礼物，如the gift of love/life（爱／生命的给予）◆funded by a present of £50 000 ◆She gave me the present of love. Especially in American English, however, gift is not always so formal and is sometimes used in personal contexts instead of present. 不过，尤其在美式英语中，gift不总是如此正式，有时会代替present用于个人场合◆The watch was a gift / present from my mother.这块手表是我妈妈送的礼物。 ■ donation / /dəʊˈneɪʃn; NAmE doʊˈneɪʃn/ [countable] something that is given to a person or organization such as a charity, in order to help them; the act of giving sth in this way （给某人或慈善机构等的）捐赠物，捐款；捐赠◆I made a £200 donation to charity.我向慈善机构捐了200英镑。◆The work of the charity is funded by voluntary donations.这家慈善机构的运作靠自愿捐款资助。◆Organ donation (= allowing doctors to use organs from your body after your death in order to save a sick person's life) has not kept pace with the demand for transplants.器官捐献赶不上器官移植的需求。 see also donate ⇨ give 5 ■ contribution /ˌkɒntrɪˈbjuːʃn; NAmE ˌkɑːntrɪˈbjuːʃn/ [countable, uncountable] a sum of money or sth that is given to a person or organization in order to help pay for sth or raise money for sth; the act of giving sth in this way 捐款；捐物；捐助◆He has made several valuable contributions towards the upkeep of the cathedral.他几次慷慨捐资修葺大教堂。◆Contributions of cakes and other items for the cake sale can be left in the school office.为糕点义卖捐赠的糕点和其他物品可以放到学校办公室。◆We rely entirely on voluntary contribution.我们全靠自愿捐资。 see also contribute ⇨ give 5 NOTE 辨析 Donation or contribution? Contribution places more emphasis on the money or thing given being part of a whole, to be added to other amounts or things that other people have given. Contributions are often expected or asked for; donations are seen more as voluntary gifts. * contribution更强调捐赠的财物为整体的一部分，和他人捐赠的财物合在一起。contribution常为预期会得到或请求别人作出的捐助，donation更多为自愿捐赠。■ tip [countable] a small amount of extra money that you give to sb who has provided a service for you, for example in a restaurant 小费（如在餐馆中给的）◆Are we supposed to leave a tip?我们要留小费吗？◆He gave the waiter a generous tip.他给了服务员很多小费。▸ tip verb (-pp-) [transitive, intransitive] ◆Did you remember to tip the waiter?你记得给服务员小费了吗？◆Americans were always welcome because they tended to tip heavily.美国人总是很受欢迎，因为他们往往给很多小费。■ gratuity /grəˈtjuːəti; NAmE grəˈtuːəti/ [countable] (formal) a tip 小费；赏钱◆Our employees may not accept gratuities.我们的员工不允许收小费。■ handout /ˈhændaʊt/ / [countable] (often disapproving) money that is given to a person or organization by the government, for example to encourage commercial activity 政府拨款（如为了促进商业活动而拨给个人或机构）◆The company is currently thriving thanks to a £70 000 government handout.受惠于政府7万英镑的拨款，这家公司目前正在蓬勃发展。ⓘ Handouts can also be given to people who are poor. * handout还可指派给穷人的捐赠品、救济品。 see also handout ⇨ aid noun , hand sth out ⇨ distribute skill1 noun practical skills 实用技能a high level of skill 技艺水平高skill ♦︎ ability ♦︎ talent ♦︎ art ♦︎ gift ♦︎ flair ♦︎ knack ♦︎ aptitudeThese are all words for sth that sb is able to do well. 这些词均表示技能、才能、才华。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a talent / a gift / a flair / a knack / an aptitude for (doing) sth◆(a) great skill / ability / talent / gift / flair / aptitude◆a useful skill / talent / gift◆(a) rare skill / ability / talent / gift◆a special skill / ability / talent / gift / aptitude◆(a) natural skill / ability / talent / gift / flair / aptitude◆(an) artistic skill / ability / talent / gift / flair◆(a) musical skill / ability / talent / gift◆(an) entrepreneurial / organizational skill / ability / talent / flair◆to have a skill / an ability / a talent / the art / a gift / flair / the knack / the aptitude◆to need / lack a skill / an ability / a talent / a gift / flair◆to show a skill / an ability / a talent / a gift / flair / an aptitude◆to demonstrate a skill / an ability / a talent / flair / an aptitude◆to acquire a skill / an ability / the knack◆to develop a skill / an ability / a talent / the art / a gift / a flair / the knack / the aptitude◆to master / perfect a skill / the art◆to lose a skill / an ability / a talent / the art / the knack■ skill [countable] something that sb is able to do well, especially when this has been acquired through practice 技术；技能◆We need people with practical skills like carpentry.我们需要有木工等实用技能的人。◆The course focuses on management skills and customer service.这门课主要讲管理技巧与客户服务。ⓘ Skill or skills often comes after an adjective or noun that describes a particular type of ability. Skills are usually a result of experience and training. * skill或skills前面常有描述某种能力的形容词或名词作定语。skills所指的技能通常是经验和训练得来的。 see also skilled , skilful ⇨ good 4 , experience ⇨ knowledge ■ ability [uncountable, countable] a level of skill or intelligence; something that sb is able to do well, especially because they are just naturally good at it 才能；本领；才智；能力◆Almost everyone has some musical ability.几乎人人都有一些音乐才能。◆Are you used to teaching students of mixed abilities?你习惯教能力参差不齐的学生吗？◆This programme is about discovering the natural abilities of each child.这个项目旨在发掘每个孩子的天赋。 see also able ⇨ good 4 ■ talent / /ˈtælənt/ / [uncountable, countable] a natural ability to do sth well 天资；天生的才能；天赋◆Hard work is important but it is no substitute for raw talent.辛勤努力很重要，但绝对替代不了天赋。◆She showed considerable talent for getting what she wanted.她很有天资，能够达成自己的目标。◆He's a man of many talents.他是个多才多艺的男子。 see also talented ⇨ good 4 ■ art [countable, uncountable] (especially written) a skill that you can develop with training and practice 技能；技术；技巧◆Painting is the art of reaching the soul through the eyes.绘画是透过眼睛触及心灵的艺术。◆Letter-writing is a lost art nowadays.如今尺牍已是一种消失的技巧。◆Appearing confident at interviews is quite an art (= rather difficult).面试时表现出自信是一种很高的技术。NOTE 辨析 Skill or art? Skills are usually practical or technical things, using your hands or managing or organizing people or things. An art is usually more about expressing yourself and/or relating to other people. * skill通常指实用性或专业性的技能、技巧，涉及动手制作或组织管理等方面。art则多指自我表达或与他人打交道的技巧、艺术◆the art of fiction / poetry / painting / film小说／诗歌／绘画／电影艺术◆the art of conversation / communication / persuasion / negotiation / compromise / healing / listening / love谈话／交际／说服／谈判／各让一步／抚慰心灵／倾听／恋爱的技巧 ■ gift [countable] (especially written) a natural ability to do sth very well 天赋；天才；才能◆She has a great gift for music.她极有音乐天赋。◆He has the gift of making friends easily.他天生善交朋友。 see also gifted ⇨ good 4 NOTE 辨析 Talent or gift? Gift is often used in more literary contexts, especially to talk about people's ability in the arts, as well as in relationships and helping people. * gift常用于文学性较强的语境，尤指艺术才能以及与人相处和助人的才能◆a gift for drawing / painting / writing / drama / improvisation / languages / music素描／绘画／写作／戏剧／即席创作／语言／音乐天赋◆a gift for friendship / teaching / humour / calming people down / bringing people together / healing交友／教学／幽默／平抚他人情绪／使人和好／抚慰心灵的天赋 Talent is used more often than gift in spoken English. It can also be used to talk about people's abilities in the arts, but it is commonly used to talk about business skills. * talent比gift更常用于口语，也可指人在艺术方面的才能，但通常指业务才能◆a talent for business / computing / diplomacy / leadership / figures / governing / management / organization业务／计算机／外交／领导／算术／治理／管理／组织才能 ■ flair [singular, uncountable] (especially written) a natural ability to do sth well; the ability to do sth with style and imagination 天资；天赋；天分；才华◆He has a flair for languages.他有学习语言的天分。◆She dresses with real flair.她的衣着特别有品味。■ knack / /næk/ / (rather informal) a special skill that you have naturally or can learn （天生或可习得的）技能，本领◆It's easy, once you've got the knack.你一旦掌握了决窍就容易了。◆He had a knack for picking winners.他有预测胜利者的本领。■ aptitude /ˈæptɪtjuːd; NAmE ˈæptɪtuːd/ [uncountable, countable] (rather formal, especially written) a natural ability to do sth well 天资；天生的才能；天赋◆She showed a natural aptitude for the work.她表现出了做这项工作的天赋。◆They may ask you to do an aptitude test (= one designed to show whether sb has the natural ability for a particular job or educational course).他们可能会让你做一个能力倾向测试。 |