| 例句 |
share noun share ♦︎ quota ♦︎ allocation ♦︎ commission ♦︎ allowance ♦︎ ration ♦︎ cut ♦︎ percentageThese are all words for an amount of sth which is given to sb/sth. 这些词均表示份额、定额、限额。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a share / quota / allocation / allowance / ration / cut / percentage of sth◆a full share / quota / allocation / commission / allowance / ration◆a large share / quota / allocation / commission◆a small share / quota / allocation / commission / percentage◆an annual quota / allocation / allowance◆a fixed share / quota / commission / percentage◆to get your share / your quota / an allocation / a commission / a cut / a percentage◆to receive a share / an allocation / a commission / a percentage◆to take a share / commission / cut / percentage◆to have your share / quota / ration◆to be entitled to a share / an allocation / a commission■ share [countable, usually singular] one part of sth that is divided between two or more people; a part that sb has in a particular activity that involves several people; an amount of sth that is thought to be normal or acceptable for one person （分得的或活动中所占的）一份；正常的一份；可接受的一份◆How much was your share of the winnings?在赢得的钱里你那份有多少？◆Next year we hope to have a bigger share of the market.明年我们希望获得更大的市场份额。◆I'm hoping for a share in the profits.我希望利润中有我一份。◆We all did our share of the work.这项工作我们都尽了一份力。◆Everyone must accept their share of the blame.每个人都必须为自己的过错负起那一份责任。 see also share ⇨ join ■ quota / /ˈkwəʊtə; NAmE ˈkwoʊtə/ [countable] the limited number of people or things that is officially allowed; an amount of sth that sb expects or needs to have or achieve 定额；限额；配额；指标◆They are bringing in a quota system for accepting refugees.他们将推行一种接收难民的限额制度。◆The show is good fun and yields its full quota of laughs.表演很有趣，博得预期中的阵阵笑声。■ allocation /ˌæləˈkeɪʃn/ / [countable] an amount of sth, especially money, that is given to sb for a particular purpose 分配的东西；（尤指）划拨的款项◆We have spent our entire allocation for the year.我们已经把今年拨给我们的经费全都花光了。 see also allocate ⇨ allocate ■ commission / /kəˈmɪʃn/ / [uncountable, countable] an amount of money that is paid to sb for selling goods, which increases with the value of goods that are sold; an amount of money that is charged, for example by a bank, for providing a particular service 佣金；回扣；（银行等的）手续费◆In this job you work on commission (= are paid according to the amount you sell).你做这份工作按销售额提成。◆You get a 10% commission on everything you sell.你可从你售出的每件商品中获得10%的佣金。◆One per cent commission is charged for cashing traveller's cheques.兑现旅行支票收取1%的手续费。■ allowance / /əˈlaʊəns/ / [countable] the amount of sth that is allowed in a particular situation 限额；定量◆There is a maximum baggage allowance of 20 kilos.行李限重20公斤。■ ration / /ˈræʃn/ / [countable] a fixed amount of sth, especially food, that you are officially allowed to have when there is not enough for everyone to have as much as they want, for example during a war （食品等短缺时的）配给量，定量◆I gave him my butter ration at breakfast one morning.有一天早餐时我把我那份黄油给了他。◆a ration book / card / coupon (= allowing you to claim a ration of sth) 定量供给簿；定量供应卡；配给券ⓘ A ration [singular] is also an amount of sth that is thought to be normal or acceptable for one person. * ration也可表示一个人的正常或合理的量◆As part of the diet, allow yourself a small daily ration of sugar.作为饮食的一部分，你每天要摄取少量的糖。 see also rations ⇨ supplies ▸ ration verb [transitive, often passive] ◆Eggs were rationed during the war.战争期间鸡蛋限量供应。◆The villagers are rationed to two litres of water a day.村民每天的用水量限定为2升。NOTE 辨析 Share, quota or ration?These words can all be used to mean 'an amount of sth that is thought to be normal or acceptable for one person'. Share and quota can both be used to talk about pleasant or unpleasant things such as luck, laughs, work or blame. Share is much more frequent; quota is only used in this meaning in more formal or written language. Ration is used to talk about food, or about sth nice that you must not have or expect too much of. 这三个词都可表示一个人的正常或合理的量。share 和quota都可用于愉快或不愉快的事物，如luck、laugh、work或blame。share要常用得多，quota表达此义时仅作较正式用语或书面语。ration用于食物，或用于不应有太多或不能期盼太多的好东西。■ cut [countable, usually singular] (rather informal) a share in sth, especially the profits of sth （尤指利润的）份，份额◆They were rewarded with a cut of 5% from the profits.他们得到占利润5%份额的报酬。◆There wasn't much left after his agents took their cut.代理商抽走份额后他的利润所剩无几。■ percentage /pəˈsentɪdʒ; NAmE pərˈsentɪdʒ/ [countable, usually singular] a share of the profits of sth 利润的分成；提成◆He gets a percentage for every car sold.他每售出一辆汽车便可得到一份提成。NOTE 辨析 Cut or percentage? Percentage is used especially in a situation where money is paid to sb for doing a job, for example to an employee. Cut is used more often if people divide a total sum of money among themselves. If the percentage figure is given, the word cut is used. * percentage尤用于支付酬劳的场合，例如付给雇员工资；cut更常用于分割总金额的场合。如果提到了明确的分配额度，则用cut◆Our manager gets a cut of 10%.我们经理得到10%的份额。◆Our manager gets a percentage of 10%. |