| 例句 |
habitual adj.
⇨ frequent (habitual lateness) ⇨ regular (habitual criminals) ⇨ usual (her habitual frown)frequent adjective frequent ♦︎ constant ♦︎ regular ♦︎ persistent ♦︎ perpetual ♦︎ continual ♦︎ continuous ♦︎ habitualThese words all describe things that happen or are done very often. 这些词均表示频繁的、经常发生的。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达频繁的程度| frequent | ➔ | persistent | ➔ | constant | | regular | | | | perpetual | | habitual | | | | continual | | | | | continuous |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆frequent / constant / regular / persistent / continual / continuous / habitual use◆frequent / constant / regular / persistent / continual / continuous attacks◆frequent / constant / regular / continual / continuous changes◆a frequent / constant / persistent / perpetual / continual / continuous problem◆frequent / constant / perpetual interruptions◆a frequent / constant / regular visitor◆a frequent / constant / perpetual / continual / continuous source of sth◆frequent / constant / regular / persistent reports / complaints■ frequent happening often; doing sth often 频繁的；经常发生的；经常做某事的◆There is a frequent bus service into town.开往市区的公共汽车班次频密。◆Power failures are frequent occurrences in the city.这个城市经常停电。◆His calls became less frequent.他打电话的次数减少了。◆The case was reviewed at frequent intervals.此案经过了频繁的复查。◆He was a frequent guest at the palace.他是王宫的常客。OPP infrequent ⇨ rare , occasional ⇨ occasional see also frequently ⇨ often ■ constant / /ˈkɒnstənt; NAmE ˈkɑːnstənt/ [usually before noun] happening or doing sth all the time or very often 连续发生的；不断的；经常做某事的◆He is very ill and needs constant attention.他病得很重，需要寸刻不离的照顾。◆Her constant chatter was beginning to annoy him.她无休止的唠叨开始使他心烦。◆Her daughter is a constant source of worry to her.她的女儿总是让她忧心。▸ constantly adverb ◆How can I finish if I am constantly interrupted?老是有人打扰我，让我怎么完成？■ regular done or happening often; doing sth often 频繁的；经常发生的；经常做某事的◆In the 1950s he made regular appearances on Broadway.在20世纪50年代，他经常出现在百老汇舞台上。◆Eat a healthy diet and take regular exercise.健康饮食，经常锻炼。◆He became a regular visitor to Hamilton Road.他开始经常去汉密尔顿路。OPP irregular ⇨ variable , occasional ⇨ occasional see also regular ⇨ steady ▸ regularly /ˈregjələli; NAmE ˈregjələrli/ adverb ◆She regularly wins prizes for her designs.她的设计经常得奖。NOTE 辨析 Frequent or regular? Frequent is the more common of these words in this meaning; however, regular is used more often in more active examples, when you are talking about people doing things, rather than things that happen. 表达此义较常用frequent。不过，regular更常用于比较主动、积极的情况，指人们经常主动做的事，而非经常发生的事◆Take frequent exercise. Regular also means 'happening at fixed intervals' and sometimes it may not be clear which meaning is intended: a regular bus service may mean frequent buses and/or buses at the same time every day or hour. * regular亦可表示有规律的、定时的，有时究竟指哪个意思并不清楚。a regular bus service既可指频繁往来的公共汽车，又可指定时发车的公共汽车。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ regular 另见regular条 ■ persistent /pəˈsɪstənt; NAmE pərˈsɪstənt/ repeated often, in a way that is annoying and cannot be stopped 无休止的；反复出现的；没完没了的◆The most common symptom is a persistent cough.最常见的症状是持续不断的咳嗽。◆He resigned over persistent rumours of his part in the scandal.一直有传言称他卷入了那桩丑闻，他因而辞职。▸ persistently adverb ◆a prison for juveniles who persistently reoffend关押少年惯犯的监狱■ perpetual /pəˈpetʃuəl; NAmE pərˈpetʃuəl/ [usually before noun] (especially written) repeated very often, in a way that is annoying 一再出现的；无尽无休的；没完没了的◆The perpetual interruptions made conversation difficult.不断的打扰让谈话难以继续下去。◆Lack of time is a perpetual problem for nurses on the ward.对在病房工作的护士来说，时间不够是个长期问题。▸ perpetually adverb ◆He had a miserable face and long red nose, which he was perpetually wiping.■ continual [only before noun] repeated very often, especially in a way that is annoying （尤指令人厌烦地）一再出现的，频繁的◆There were continual arguments because he felt he was being treated unfairly.他觉得自己受到了不公正的对待，就没完没了地跟人争吵。◆He seemed to need continual reassurance.他似乎需要得到不断的宽慰。▸ continually adverb ◆People were continually tripping over the cable.总有人被那条电缆绊倒。■ continuous continual （尤指令人厌烦地）一再出现的，频繁的◆The soldiers suffered continuous attacks for four days.那些士兵连续四天遭到了攻击。◆The company said the reasons for closure were poor margins and continuous losses.该公司称倒闭的原因是利润微薄和持续亏损。NOTE 辨析 Persistent, perpetual, continual or continuous?In some cases you can use any of these words. 在有些情况下这四个词可以通用◆a persistent / perpetual / continual / continuous problem反复出现的问题 Persistent is used more in factual writing and reporting, to talk about medical problems or problems in society. Perpetual is used more in personal and imaginative writing and to talk about annoying personal habits or problems. Continual and continuous are generally less frequent in this meaning, but are often preferred in spoken English and less formal contexts. All these words also have the meaning 'continuing for a long time without stopping'; continuous is more frequent in that meaning, and some people think it should not be used to mean 'repeated many times', but in fact it often is. * persistent多用于陈述事实，描述病症或社会问题。perpetual多用于个人化和虚构的文字，指个人习惯或问题令人厌烦的。continual和continuous一般较少用于此义，但经常用于口语和不太正式的语境中。所有这些词亦另含“接连不断的、连续的”之义，continuous较常用于此义。有些人认为continuous不应表示“多次重复的、频繁的”之义，但事实上这个词常常这样用。 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ continuous 另见continuous条 ■ habitual /həˈbɪtʃuəl/ / (of an action) done often, especially in a way that is annoying or difficult to stop （行为）没完没了的，养成恶习的，上瘾的◆The mechanic had been dismissed for habitual lateness.这名技工因老是迟到已被解雇。 see also habit ⇨ habit , habitually ⇨ often regular adjective ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ addictive 另见addictive条regular ♦︎ compulsive ♦︎ habitualThese words all describe people who do a particular thing very often. 这些词均形容人经常做某事。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a regular / compulsive / habitual drinker◆a compulsive / habitual liar / gambler◆a regular / habitual user of sth◆regular / habitual offenders■ regular [only before noun](of people) doing the same thing or going to the same place often （人）经常做某事的，常去某地的◆They have been regular customers for many years.他们是多年的老主顾。◆Her views on the subject will be familiar to regular readers of the paper.该报的固定读者都会熟悉她对这一问题的看法。◆Many of them were regular users of heroin.他们中许多人经常吸食海洛因。◆He was a regular visitor to her house.他是她家的常客。▸ regularly adverb ◆He said he did not use drugs regularly.他说他不常服用毒品。■ compulsive / /kəmˈpʌlsɪv/ / (of people) not able to control their behaviour; doing sth often and not able to stop （人）无法控制行为的，禁不住的，欲罢不能的◆The book offers advice and help for compulsive eaters.这本书向强迫性进食症患者提供建议和帮助。◆Can you be successful without being compulsive about work?你能不强迫自己工作而取得成功吗？■ habitual / /həˈbɪtʃuəl/ / [only before noun](of people) doing sth often, usually sth that has become a habit and is therefore difficult to stop （人）习惯性的，积习很深的◆He was a habitual cocaine user.他服食可卡因上瘾。◆a habitual criminal惯犯 see also habit ⇨ habit ▸ habitually adverb ◆She claimed she didn't habitually drink so heavily.她声称自己不常喝这么多酒。 usual adjective usual ♦︎ traditional ♦︎ standard ♦︎ general ♦︎ routine ♦︎ regular ♦︎ habitualThese words all describe things that happen in most cases, especially over a long period, or things that are considered typical of a person. 这些词均表示通常的、惯常的、常规的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be usual / traditional / routine to do sth◆usual / traditional / routine for sb / sth◆the usual / traditional / standard / general / routine / regular procedure / practice◆the usual / traditional / standard / general / routine / regular / habitual way◆the usual / traditional / standard / general approach◆the usual / traditional / general sense / style◆sb's usual / traditional / habitual role◆usual / standard / general / routine / regular / habitual behaviour◆in the / sb's usual / traditional / standard / habitual manner◆very traditional / general / routine◆fairly usual / traditional / standard / general / routine■ usual that happens or is done most of the time or in most cases 通常的；寻常的；惯常的◆It is usual to start a speech by thanking everybody for coming.讲话前先感谢大家光临，这是惯例。◆It is usual for the employer to pay the costs.通常由雇主来支付这些费用。◆He came home later than usual.他回家比平时晚了些。◆She arrived at the usual time.她到的时间和平时一样。◆She made all the usual excuses.她净找些司空见惯的借口。◆He didn't sound like his usual happy self.他听起来不像平常那个乐天派了。◆Despite the problems staff arrived for work as usual.尽管有困难，员工照常来上班。OPP unusual ⇨ unusual ■ traditional being part of the beliefs, customs or way of life of a group of people that have not changed for a long time 传统的；习俗的；惯例的◆The band plays traditional Celtic music.乐队演奏了传统的凯尔特音乐。◆Most of the buildings are in the traditional style.大多数建筑都是传统风格的。◆It's traditional in America to eat turkey on Thanksgiving Day.感恩节吃火鸡是美国的传统。▸ traditionally adverb ◆Traditionally, markets are held in the open air.按照传统，集市设在露天。■ standard of the usual type, without special or unusual features 普通的；正常的；标准的◆Pizza dough is oilier than standard bread dough.比萨饼面团比普通的面包面团含油多。◆Calls will be charged at the standard rate.电话费将按标准资费收取。◆The rifle was standard issue for the British army before the First World War.步枪是第一次世界大战前英国陆军的标准装备。◆All vehicles come with a catalytic converter as standard.所有汽车出售时通常都配有催化转化器。OPP non-standard ⇨ abnormal ■ general [usually before noun] that is true in most cases 一般的；普遍的；常规的◆The machines all operate on the same general principle.这些机器均依照同样的一般性原理运转。◆As a general rule, the paler the roast the milder the coffee.一般情况下，咖啡豆焙烤的颜色越浅，咖啡的味道越淡。◆In general, Japanese cars are very reliable.日本汽车通常很可靠。 see also general ⇨ general 1 2 ■ routine / /ruːˈtiːn/ / [usually before noun] done or happening as a normal part of a job, situation or process; not unusual or different in any way 常规的；例行公事的；平常的；毫不特别的◆The fault was discovered during a routine check.这个错误是在一次常规检查中发现的。◆Don't worry－these are just routine enquiries.别担心，这些只是例行的询问。◆He died of heart failure during a routine operation.他在一次普通手术中死于心脏衰竭。 see also routine ⇨ mundane adj. , routine ⇨ process noun , routinely ⇨ often ■ regular [only before noun](of an action or thing) that you usually do or use; (of a person) who usually does a job （行为或事情）经常做的，惯常的；（人）通常做某工作的◆On Monday he would have to return to his regular duties.他星期一就得回去正常上班了。◆The other bag had my regular clothes in it.另一个包里有我平常穿的衣服。◆I couldn't see my regular doctor today.我今天找不到平常给我看病的医生。▸ regularly ◆He regularly got up at four in the morning.他常常清晨4点就起床。■ habitual / /həˈbɪtʃuəl/ / [only before noun] (rather formal) typical of a particular person （某人）惯有的，惯常的，典型的◆She reverted to her habitual frown.她又开始习惯性地紧锁双眉了。◆He sat smoking his habitual cigarette.他一如平常地坐着吸烟。 see also habit ⇨ habit , habitually ⇨ often |