introduction noun ⇨introduction1 (the introduction of modern farming methods)⇨introduction2 (the introduction to a book)⇨basics (An Introduction to Astronomy)⇨debut (my first introduction to modern jazz)⇨meeting2 (sb needs no introduction)
introduction1
noun
the introduction of modern farming methods现代耕作方法的采用the introduction to a book一本书的序言basicsAn Introduction to Astronomydebutmy first introduction to modern jazzintroduction ♦︎ formation ♦︎ establishment ♦︎ foundationThese are all words for the act of bringing sth into use or existence for the first time.这些词均表示初次投入使用、引进、推行。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the early / gradual / rapid / recent introduction / formation / establishment of sth◆the formal introduction / establishment of sth◆to lead to / result in / see the introduction / formation / establishment / foundation of sth◆to call for / support / allow (for) / enable / provide for / announce the introduction / formation / establishment of sth■introduction [uncountable] the act of bringing sth into use or existence for the first time, or of bringing sth to a place for the first time初次投入使用；引进；推行◆The need for a large army resulted in the introduction of compulsory military service.对庞大军队的需要导致了义务兵役制的实行。◆the gradual introduction of modern farming methods into traditional societies现代耕作方法在传统社会的逐步采用◆They celebrated the 1 000th anniversary of the introduction of Christianity to Russia.他们庆祝基督教传入俄罗斯1 000周年。■formation /fɔːˈmeɪʃn; NAmEfɔːrˈmeɪʃn/ [uncountable] the act of creating sth; the process of being created创建；形成；组成◆An agreement on the formation of a new government was reached on June 6.6月6日达成了一项关于组建新政府的协议。◆They've found evidence of recent star formation in the galaxy.他们发现了银河系新恒星形成的证据。 see also form ⇨ establishverb■establishment [uncountable] (ratherformal) the act of starting or creating sth that is meant to last for a long time建立；创立；确立◆The speaker announced the establishment of a new college.发言人宣布了新学院的成立。◆His visit facilitated the establishment of diplomatic relations between the countries.他的出访促进了国家间外交关系的建立。ⓘ Establishment can be used to talk about a service, a belief or a project, as well as an organization. * establishment可指公共服务事业、项目以及组织的建立或信仰的确立。 see also establish ⇨ establish■foundation [uncountable] (ratherformal) the act of creating a new institution or organization（机构或组织的）创建，创办◆The organization has grown enormously since its foundation in 1955.该组织自1955年创建以来已发展壮大了起来。◆She used the money to go towards the foundation of a special research group.她把那笔钱花在了创建一个特别研究小组上。 see also found ⇨ establish
introduction2
noun
the introduction of modern farming methods现代耕作方法的采用the introduction to a book一本书的序言basicsAn Introduction to Astronomydebutmy first introduction to modern jazzintroduction ♦︎ preface ♦︎ preamble ♦︎ prologue ♦︎ forewordThese are all words for the first part of a book or speech that gives a general idea of what is to follow.这些词均表示序言、引言、开场白。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the introduction / preface / preamble / prologue / foreword to a book, etc.◆in the introduction / preface / preamble / prologue / foreword◆to read / write the introduction / a preface / a preamble / a prologue / a foreword■introduction [countable, uncountable] the first part of a book or speech that gives a general idea of what is to follow序言；引言；开场白◆This book has an excellent introduction and notes.这本书有精彩的前言和注释。◆By way of introduction, let me give you the background to the story.作为引言，我先来介绍一下故事的背景。 see also introductory ⇨ first■preface / /ˈprefəs/ / [countable] a piece of writing at the beginning of a book, especially one that explains the author's aims（尤指阐释写作宗旨的）前言，序言◆In his preface he claimed that he had created a new kind of music.他在前言中声称他创造了一种新音乐。ⓘ A preface deals with the aims, range of subjects and limitations of the book. It is usually written by the author, and is found before the introduction in a book. * preface涉及一本书的写作宗旨、主题范围和局限性，通常由作者撰写，置于导论(introduction)之前。▸preface
verb
[transitive] ◆He prefaced the diaries with a short account of how they were discovered.他在前言中简要叙述了发现日记的经过。■preamble /priˈæmbl, ˈpriːæmbl/ [countable, uncountable] (formal) a piece of writing at the beginning of a book or written document; an introduction to sth you say序言；导言；（讲话的）开场白◆the Preamble to the US Constitution美国宪法序言◆She gave him the bad news without preamble.她开门见山地把坏消息告诉了他。ⓘ A written preamble is usually found in an official document or factual book, rather than a novel or other literary work. * preamble通常指官方文件或事实性著作而非小说或其他文学作品的书面导言。■prologue /ˈprəʊlɒg; NAmEˈproʊlɔːg, ˈproʊlɑːg/ [countable] a speech or piece of writing at the beginning of a play, novel, etc. that introduces it楔子；序幕；（戏剧的）开场白◆the Prologue to Chaucer's 'Canterbury Tales'乔叟的《坎特伯雷故事集》的序诗ⓘ A prologue usually forms part of the story, rather than being a separate piece of writing that the reader can choose to read or not. * prologue通常是故事的组成部分，而非读者自主选择读或不读的一篇独立的文章。■foreword /ˈfɔːwɜːd; NAmEˈfɔːrwɜːrd/ [countable] a short piece of writing at the beginning of a book（书的）前言，序言◆He was asked if he would consider writing a foreword for her book.他被问及是否愿意考虑为她的书写一篇前言。ⓘ The foreword to a book is usually written by sb other than the author. The writer of the foreword will sometimes give an account of a link he or she has with the author or contents of the book. The foreword is found before the introduction in a book. * foreword通常由别人而非作者撰写，撰写者有时会说明自己跟作者的关系，或者描述一下书的内容。foreword置于导论(introduction)之前。
basics
noun
basics ♦︎ fundamentals ♦︎ introduction ♦︎ essentials ♦︎ practicalitiesThese are all words for the most important things, facts or knowledge that people need in a particular situation.这些词均表示基本要素、基础知识。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the / a basic fundamentals / introduction / essentials◆to teach / grasp the basics / fundamentals / essentials◆to learn / master the basics / fundamentals◆to understand / know / cover / concentrate on the basics / essentials■basics [plural] the most important and necessary facts, skills or ideas from which other things develop基本因素（或原理、原则、规律）◆I need to learn the basics of computer programming.我需要学习计算机编程的基础知识。◆Managers should get back to basics and examine the kind of products people really want.管理层应当回归根本，认真考虑人们真正需要什么样的产品。 see also basic ⇨ fundamental■fundamentals [plural] (ratherformal, especiallywritten) the most important rules or principles of an area of knowledge; the most important parts of sth（某一知识领域的）基本规律，根本法则；基础◆He wrote 'The Fundamentals of Modern Physics'.他撰写了《现代物理学基本原理》。◆She taught me the fundamentals of the job.她教给了我这份工作的基本知识。 see also fundamental ⇨ fundamental■introduction [countable] a book or programme of study for people beginning to study a subject初级读物；入门课程◆'An Introduction to Astronomy'《天文学入门》◆It's a useful introduction to an extremely complex subject.这是对一门极复杂学科的有益入门教程。 see also introductory ⇨ first■essentials [plural] the most important facts or principles in an area of knowledge（某一知识领域的）要点，要素，根本法则◆We will concentrate on the essentials of English grammar.我们将重点学习英语语法基础。 see also essential ⇨ fundamentalNOTE辨析 Basics, fundamentals or essentials?In many cases you can use any of these words. However, basics are usually the most practical, concerned with how to do things that you need to do, or how things work in practice.这三个词在许多情况下可以通用。不过，basics通常与实践最紧密相关，涉及如何操作或者事物实践中如何运转◆the basics of dinghy sailing / good nutrition / how to set it up and operate it舢板航行／获取充足营养／安装和操作的要点Essentials are often slightly more theoretical, concerned with how things work in theory and practice. * essentials常较侧重理论方面，涉及事物在理论上和实践中如何运转◆the essentials of arithmetic / design / how we communicate using language算术／设计／使用语言交流的基本法则Fundamentals are the most theoretical, concerned with the ideas and principles on which systems, knowledge and beliefs are based. * fundamentals是三个词中与理论最密切相关的，涉及作为制度、知识和信仰基础的观念和原则◆the fundamentals of Christian belief / microbiology / the western concept of law基督教信仰／微生物学／西方法律概念的基本原理■practicalities [plural] the real facts and circumstances rather than ideas or theories实际事物；实际情况◆It sounds like a good idea; let's look at the practicalities and work out the costs.这个主意听起来不错，咱们来看看实际运作，计算一下费用。ⓘ People usually consider, look at or discuss the practicalities of a situation.通常说consider/look at/discuss the practicalities of sth（考虑／研究／讨论⋯的实际情况）。 see also practical ⇨ realistic1
debut
noun
debut ♦︎ initiation ♦︎ inauguration ♦︎ introduction ♦︎ inductionThese are all words for the process of introducing sb to a new job, skill, organization, etc., or a ceremony at which this takes place.这些词均表示首次接触、初次涉足，或为此而举行的仪式。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an initiation / induction into sth◆a formal inauguration / induction◆an initiation / inauguration ceremony■debut ( début) / /ˈdeɪbjuː, ˈdebjuː; NAmEdeɪˈbjuː/ [countable] the first public appearance of a performer or sports player（表演者或运动员）首次亮相◆He will make his debut for the first team this week.他将在本周第一个出场的队伍中首次上场。◆The group's debut album was released last week.该乐队的首张专辑在上周发行了。◆She's making her New York debut at Carnegie Hall.她在纽约的首场演出将在卡内基礼堂举行。■initiation /ɪˌnɪʃiˈeɪʃn/ / [uncountable] (ratherformal) the process of introducing a new member to a group, often with a special ceremony; the process of introducing sb to an activity or skill介绍入会（常举行特别仪式）；（让某人从事某种活动或技艺的）介绍◆There was an established initiation ceremony for new boys.对于新来的男孩，有一种既定的入会仪式。◆Her initiation into the world of marketing has not been straightforward.她初次涉足营销界并非一帆风顺。ⓘ An initiation ceremony is an occasion which is often set up unofficially by the members of a group, and can sometimes involve unpleasant actions that the new member is forced to do. * initiation ceremony常指团体中的成员安排的一种非正式的入会仪式，新加入的成员有时会被迫做一些令人不快的举动。▸initiate
verb
[transitive] ◆Many of them had been initiated into drug use at an early age.他们中许多人在年纪很小时就被教会了吸毒。◆Hundreds are initiated into the sect each year.每年有数百人被吸收到这个教派中来。■inauguration / /ɪˌnɔːgjəˈreɪʃn/ / [uncountable, countable] (ratherformal) the process of introducing a new public official or leader at a special ceremony就职典礼◆Eight months after Hoover's inauguration came the Wall Street Crash.胡佛总统就职八个月后，华尔街股市暴跌。◆an inauguration speech就职演说▸inaugurate
verb
[transitive, often passive] ◆She will be inaugurated (as) president in January.她将于一月份就任总统。■introduction [singular] (especiallywritten) a person's first experience of sth初次经历；首次体验◆This album was my first introduction to modern jazz.这张专辑让我初次接触到现代爵士乐。▸introduce
verb
[transitive] ◆She has developed her love of archery since being introduced to the sport by a workmate.自从一个同事让她接触射箭运动开始，她就培养起对这项运动的爱好。■induction / /ɪnˈdʌkʃn/ / [uncountable, countable] (ratherformal) the process of introducing sb to a new job, skill or organization; a ceremony at which this takes place就职；入门；接纳会员；就职仪式◆The induction of new students will take place in the main hall.新生欢迎仪式将在大礼堂举行。ⓘ Induction is often used to talk about people being introduced to their job or course in education. There is often an official induction period when you start a new job or course. * induction常指初次接触某工作或学习某课程，而这通常有一个正式的induction period（入门培训阶段）。
meeting2
noun
a business meeting业务会议a chance meeting偶然的会面meeting ♦︎ appointment ♦︎ encounter ♦︎ date ♦︎ engagement ♦︎ introductionThese are all words for an occasion when two or more people meet.这些词均表示会面、约会、见面。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a meeting / an appointment / an encounter / a date / an engagement with sb◆a meeting / an encounter between people◆(a) formal meeting / appointment / encounter / engagement / introduction◆an important meeting / appointment / date / engagement / introduction◆a casual meeting / encounter / introduction◆a dinner appointment / date / engagement◆to have a meeting / an appointment / an encounter / a date / an engagement◆to arrange a meeting / an appointment / a date / an introduction◆to keep an appointment / a date / an engagement◆to make an appointment / a date / introductions◆to cancel a meeting / an appointment / a date / an engagement■meeting [countable] a situation in which two or more people meet, because they have arranged it or by chance会面；集会；集合◆At our first meeting I was nervous.我们第一次见面时我很紧张。◆It was a chance meeting that would change my life.那次偶然的会面改变了我的一生。■appointment [countable] a formal arrangement to meet or visit sb at a particular time, especially for a reason connected with their work约会；预约；约定◆She made an appointment for her son to see the doctor.她为儿子约了时间看医生。◆I've got a dental appointment at 3 o'clock.我约了3点钟看牙医。◆He had failed to keep the appointment.他爽约了。◆Viewing is by appointment only(= only at a time that has been arranged in advance).参观必须预约。■encounter [countable] a meeting, especially one that is sudden, unexpected or violent（尤指意外、突然或暴力的）相遇，遭遇，冲突◆Three of them were killed in the subsequent encounter with the police.他们中有三个人在随后与警察的冲突中身亡。◆I've had a number of close encounters(= situations that could have been dangerous) with bad drivers.我好几次都险些与技术不佳的司机相撞。◆It was his first sexual encounter(= his first experience of sex).那是他的第一次性经验。■date [countable] a meeting that you have arranged with a boyfriend or girlfriend or with sb who might become a boyfriend or girlfriend（男女朋友间或为发展恋爱关系的）约会，幽会◆I've got a date with Lucy tomorrow night.明天晚上我与露西有个约会。◆I can't believe you set me up on a blind date(= a date with sb you have not met before).我无法相信你竟安排让我去相亲。 see also date ⇨ go outphrasal verb■engagement [countable] an arrangement to do sth at a particular time, especially sth official or sth connected with your job（尤指正式的或与工作有关的）约定，约会，预约◆He has a number of social engagements next week.他下周有几场社交约会。◆It was her first official engagement.那是她第一次正式约会。◆I had to refuse because of a prior engagement.我因为已有预约只好拒绝了。 see also engaged ⇨ busy1■introduction [countable, uncountable] the act of making one person formally known to another, in which you tell each the other's name（正式的）介绍，引见◆Introductions were made and the conversation started to flow.大家相互介绍后交谈就开始了。◆Our speaker today needs no introduction(= he is already well known).我们今天的发言人就不必介绍了。 see also introduce ⇨ introduce2