| 例句 |
involve verb
⇨ include 1 (involve as many people as possible in sth) ⇨ affect (an incident involving a gang of youths) ⇨ mean 3 (Many of the crimes involved drugs.)include1 verb Does the price include tax? 这个价钱是否包括税款？Some people, and I include myself... 有些人，我也算一个⋯include ♦︎ contain ♦︎ cover ♦︎ incorporate ♦︎ encompass ♦︎ involve ♦︎ build sth in(to sth) ♦︎ embrace ♦︎ take sth inThese words all mean to have sb/sth as a part of sth or make sb/sth a part of sth. 这些词均表示包括、包含或纳入、并入。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to include / contain / incorporate / involve sth in sth◆to incorporate / build sth into sth◆to be included / covered / incorporated / encompassed as sth◆to contain / cover / incorporate / encompass / involve / embrace particular aspects of sth◆to include / contain / cover / incorporate / encompass particular material◆to include / contain / incorporate particular features◆to cover / encompass / embrace particular subjects / issues◆to contain / cover / incorporate / encompass / involve / embrace a (wide) range of things◆to include / contain / cover / incorporate / encompass / involve / embrace the whole of sth◆to directly cover / encompass / involve sth◆to cover / incorporate / encompass / involve sb / sth fully■ include [transitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) to have sb/sth as a part of sth; to make sb/sth part of sth 包括；包含；使成为⋯的一部分◆The tour included a visit to the Science Museum.这次游览的行程之一是参观科学博物馆。◆Does the price include tax?这个价钱是否包括税款？◆Your duties will include typing letters and answering the phone.你的职责包括打信件和接电话。◆You should include some examples in your essay.你应该在文章里举一些例子。◆We all went, me included.我们都去了，连我在内。◆Representatives from the country were included as observers at the conference.这个国家的代表被列为会议的观察员。ⓘ When include means 'to have sb/sth as a part of sth', it is not used in the progressive tenses. * include表示“包括、包含”时不用于进行时◆Is the price including tax? OPP exclude ⇨ exclude 1 see also inclusive ⇨ overall ▸ including preposition (abbreviation incl. ) ◆It's £7.50, including tax.共计7.50英镑，含税。 OPP excluding ⇨ exclude verb 1 ▸ inclusion / /ɪnˈkluːʒn/ / noun [uncountable, countable] ◆His inclusion in the team is in doubt.他能否入选该队还未定案。◆There were some surprising inclusions in the list.名单中包括一些意想不到的人。 OPP exclusion ⇨ exclude verb 1 ■ contain [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to have sth inside or as part of sth 包含；含有；容纳◆This drink doesn't contain any alcohol.这种饮料不含任何酒精。◆The bottle contains (= can hold) two litres.此瓶容量为两升。◆He handed over a brown envelope containing a hundred dollar bills.他交出了一个装有一百元钞票的棕色信封。◆Her statement contained one or two inaccuracies.她的陈述有一两处不准确。■ cover [transitive] to include sth; to deal with sth 包括；包含；涉及；处理◆The survey covers all aspects of the business.调查涉及这家企业的各个方面。◆The lectures covered a lot of ground (= a lot of material or subjects).这些讲座涉及的内容极为丰富。◆He manages the sales team covering the northern part of the country (= selling to people in that area).他负责管理该国北部地区的销售团队。◆Do the rules cover (= do they apply to) a case like this?这些规则适用于这种情况吗？ⓘ When cover means 'to include sth' it is not used in the progressive tenses. * cover表示“包括、包含”时不用于进行时◆The survey is covering all aspects of the business. see also be about sth ⇨ apply 2 ▸ coverage / /ˈkʌvərɪdʒ/ / noun [uncountable] ◆magazines with extensive coverage of diet and health topics包含大量饮食与健康主题的杂志■ incorporate / /ɪnˈkɔːpəreɪt; NAmE ɪnˈkɔːrpəreɪt/ [transitive] (rather formal) to include sth so that it forms a part of sth 将⋯包括在内；吸收；使并入◆Many of your suggestions have been incorporated into the plan.你的很多建议已纳入计划中。◆The new car design incorporates all the latest safety features.新的汽车设计包括了所有最新的安全配备。■ encompass /ɪnˈkʌmpəs/ / [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (formal) to include a large number or range of things 包含，包括，涉及（大量事物）◆The job encompasses a wide range of responsibilities.这项工作涉及的职责范围很广。◆The group encompasses all ages.这个小组各种年龄的人都有。■ involve [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to make sb take part in sth 使参加；使加入◆We want to involve as many people as possible in the celebrations.我们希望参加庆典的人越多越好。◆Parents should involve themselves in their children's education.父母应当参与孩子的教育。 OPP exclude ⇨ exclude 2 see also involvement ⇨ involvement ■ ˌbuild sth ˈin■ ˌbuild sth ˈinto sth phrasal verb (built, built) [often passive] to make sth a permanent part of a structure, plan or system 使⋯成为（结构、计划或体系的）组成部分◆We're having new closets built in.我们的新壁橱是嵌入式的。◆The pipes were built into the concrete.管子固定在混凝土里。◆A certain amount of flexibility needs to be built into the system.该系统需要加入一定的灵活性。▸ ˌbuilt-ˈin adjective [only before noun] ◆built-in wardrobes / closets / cupboards / units嵌入式衣橱／壁橱／橱柜／整体厨房■ embrace / /ɪmˈbreɪs/ / [transitive, no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (formal) to cover or include sth; to unite different things 包括；包含；涵盖◆The talks embraced a wide range of issues.这些谈话涉及的问题非常广泛。◆The word 'mankind' embraces men, women and children.“人类”一词包括男人、女人和孩子。■ ˌtake sth ˈin phrasal verb (took, taken) [no passive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to include sth, especially a place on a trip 包括，包含（尤指旅行所到之地）◆The tour takes in six European capitals.这次旅游涵盖六个欧洲国家的首都。 affect verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ influence verb 另见influence动词词条affect ♦︎ involve ♦︎ concern ♦︎ influence ♦︎ work ♦︎ impact ♦︎ take (a) hold ♦︎ leave a mark ♦︎ act ♦︎ colourThese words all mean to have an effect on sb/sth. 这些词均表示对某人或某事物有影响。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to impact / act / leave a mark on sth◆to be involved / concerned in sth◆to affect / influence what happens◆to affect / influence how / why / when / where sth happens◆to affect / influence / colour sb's judgement / attitude◆to directly / indirectly affect / involve / concern / influence / impact on / act on sb / sth◆to adversely / inevitably affect / influence / impact on sth■ affect [transitive, often passive] to have an effect on sb/sth 影响◆How will these changes affect us?这些变化会对我们有什么影响？◆Your opinions will not affect my decision.你的意见不会影响我的决定。◆The south of the country was worst affected by the drought.该国南方旱情最严重。◆The type of audience will affect what you say and how you say it.听众的类型会影响你讲话的内容和方式。 see also effect ⇨ effect noun , bias ⇨ influence verb ■ involve [transitive] to be a situation, event or activity that sb takes part in or is affected by 牵涉；牵连；影响◆There was a serious incident involving a group of youths.有一起严重事件涉及一群年轻人。◆How many vehicles were involved in the crash?这起撞车事故涉及多少辆汽车？■ concern [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) (of an issue, situation or event) to involve sb because they have a particular reason to be interested in it or a particular part to play in it （问题、状况或事件）涉及，牵扯（某人）◆Don't interfere in what doesn't concern you.不要插手跟你无关的事情。◆The meetings were often embarrassing for all concerned.这些会面常常让所有相关人员觉得尴尬。◆The individuals concerned will have some explaining to do.涉及的每个人都要作些解释。NOTE 辨析 Involve or concern? Involve suggests a greater degree of physical activity, when sb is actually doing sth or sth happens to them. * involve较为强调实际活动。某人与此相关，是因为他的所作所为，或因为事情发生在他身上◆an incident concerning a group of youths ◆the vehicles concerned in the crash Concern suggests a greater degree of interest or responsibility, when an issue particularly affects sb, or a situation is caused by sb. * concern较为强调利益或责任。某人与此相关，是因为受到特定影响，或导致某种局面。 ■ influence [transitive] to have an effect on a particular situation and the way it develops 影响；对⋯起作用◆A number of social factors influence life expectancy.诸多社会因素影响人的预期寿命。◆The local climate is influenced by the Gulf Stream.当地气候受湾流影响。◆At college she met the two people who most influenced her career.上大学时，她遇到两个人，对她的事业影响最大。 see also influence ⇨ influence verb , influence ⇨ effect noun ■ work [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) to have a particular effect on sb/sth, especially either a positive or negative effect 产生（正面或负面）作用◆Your age can work against you in this job.你的年龄会不利于你做这份工作。◆Speaking Italian should work in his favour.会说意大利语应该对他有好处。■ impact / /ˈɪmpækt/ / [intransitive, transitive] (especially journalism 尤用于新闻 or business 商业) to have an effect on sth, especially a bad one 有（坏的）影响；有（坏的）作用◆The border dispute could impact on the work of aid agencies.边界争端有可能影响援助机构的工作。◆The company's performance was impacted by the high value of the pound.公司业绩受到了英镑升值的冲击。 see also impact ⇨ effect noun ■ take (a) ˈhold idiom to begin to have a strong effect on sth or have complete control over sb/sth; to become very strong 开始有巨大影响；开始完全控制；变得十分强大◆Panic took hold of him and he couldn't move.他惊恐万分，动弹不得。◆It was in the sixties that the cult of the teenager first took hold.正是在上世纪60年代，青少年的狂热崇拜开始蔚然成风。■ leave your ˈmark■ leave a ˈmark■ leave its ˈmark idiom to have an effect on sb/sth, especially a bad one, that lasts for a long time 留下久远的（坏）影响◆Such a traumatic experience is bound to leave its mark.这样的痛苦经历肯定会留下烙印。■ act [intransitive](especially of a drug, chemical or physical force) to have a physical effect on sth （药物、化学品或外力）有影响，起作用◆Alcohol acts quickly on the brain.酒精可以对大脑迅速产生影响。◆It took a few minutes for the drug to act.几分钟后药物才起作用。 see also action ⇨ effect noun ■ colour (BrE) (NAmE color) [transitive] to have an effect on sth, especially sb's opinion or attitude, often in a negative way （尤指消极地）影响（观点或态度）◆The experience moulded and coloured her whole life.这次经历影响了她一生。◆Don't let your judgement be coloured by personal feelings.不要让你的判断受到个人感情的影响。 mean3 verb What does this sentence mean? 这个句子是什么意思？What do you mean by that remark? 你说那话是什么意思？This new order will mean working overtime. 这新订单一来，我们就得加班加点。mean ♦︎ involve ♦︎ entail ♦︎ imply ♦︎ necessitate ♦︎ spellThese words all mean to have sth as a necessary or likely part or result. 这些词均表示意味着、包含、需要。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sth means / implies that...◆sth means / involves / entails / implies / necessitates a / an increase / reduction◆sth involves / entails / implies risk◆sth usually / inevitably / necessarily / actually means / involves / entails / implies sth◆sth ordinarily / typically means / involves sth■ mean (meant, meant) [transitive](of an action or situation) to have sth as a result or a likely result （行为或状况）产生⋯结果，意味着◆Spending too much now will mean a shortage of cash next year.现在花销太多就意味着明年现金短缺。◆Do you have any idea what it means to be poor?你知不知道贫穷意味着什么？◆We'll have to be careful with money but that doesn't mean (that) we can't enjoy ourselves.我们得要精打细算，可那也不是说我们就不能过得快乐。◆This new order will mean working overtime.这新订单一来，我们就得加班加点。■ involve [transitive] (especially written) (of an action or situation) to have sth as a necessary or important part （行为或状况）包含，需要，带有◆Any investment involves an element of risk.任何投资都有一定的风险。◆Many of the crimes involved drugs.许多罪案都与毒品有关。◆The test will involve answering questions about a photograph.考试的内容将包括看图答题。■ entail / /ɪnˈteɪl/ / [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) to involve sth that cannot be avoided, especially in order to achieve sth 牵涉，需要，使必要（尤指为了达成某事）◆The job entails a lot of hard work.这工作需要付出大量艰苦的努力。◆The girls learn exactly what is entailed in caring for a newborn baby.姑娘们学的正是怎样照顾新生儿。◆It will entail driving a long distance every day.这意味着每天都要长途驾驶。NOTE 辨析 Involve or entail?In many cases you can use either word. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用◆The job involves / entails a lot of hard work.这工作需要付出大量艰苦的努力。◆to involve / entail answering questions / driving a long distance / loss / rejection / destruction / cost / risk包括回答一些问题；需要长途驾驶；造成损失；遭到拒绝；造成破坏；产生费用；包含风险However, a problem might involve an aspect, such as drugs or violence, that is not necessary to achieve sth, but defines the nature of the problem. Entail cannot be used in this way. 不过，involve可指问题涉及某一方面，如跟drug或violence搭配，这界定了问题的性质，而非问题的成因。entail没有这种用法◆Many of the crimes entailed drugs/violence. ■ imply / /ɪmˈplaɪ/ / [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) (of an idea or action) to make sth necessary in order to be successful （思想或行为）必然包含，使有必要◆The project implies an enormous investment in training.这个项目需要投入巨额的培训费。◆Sustainable development implies a long-term perspective.可持续发展需要有长远眼光。▸ implication / /ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃn/ / noun [countable, usually plural] ◆The development of the site will have implications for the surrounding countryside.这个地点的开发将会影响周围的乡村。◆They failed to consider the wider implications of their actions.他们没有考虑到自己的行为会产生更广泛的影响。■ necessitate / /nəˈsesɪteɪt/ / [transitive] (formal) (of an event or situation) to make sth necessary （事件或状况）使成为必要◆Recent financial scandals have necessitated changes in parliamentary procedures.最近的金融丑闻使得议会程序必须改革。◆Increased traffic necessitated widening the road.交通量增大了，道路需要拓宽。 see also necessary ⇨ necessary , necessity ⇨ need noun ■ spell (spelt, spelt or spelled, spelled) [transitive](of an event) to have sth, usually sth bad, as a result （事件）招致，意味着（通常是坏事）◆The crop failure spelt disaster for many farmers.对许多农民来说，庄稼歉收意味着灾难。◆This defeat spelt the end of his hopes of winning the title again.这场失利使他再次夺冠的希望破灭了。 |