| 例句 |
history noun
⇨ background (sb's medical history) ⇨ past (the course of history) ⇨ story 2 (write a new history of Europe) background noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ family 3 另见family条第3义background ♦︎ record ♦︎ past ♦︎ history ♦︎ upbringing ♦︎ track record ♦︎ life historyThese are all words for the things that sb has done or the things that have happened to sb before now. 这些词均表示曾经做过或经历过的事。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sb has a background / record / history / track record of sth◆sb has a background / record / track record in sth◆a / an proven / impressive / excellent / poor record / track record◆a religious / working class / middle class background / upbringing◆a colourful / chequered history / past◆sb's criminal background / record / past / history◆sb's medical record / history◆your background / upbringing prepares you for / gives you sth■ background [countable] the details of a person's life before now, especially concerning their family, education and experience 出身背景；学历；经历◆sb's family / social / cultural / educational / class background某人的家庭／社会／文化／教育／阶级背景◆The classes are designed for students with a background in history or theology.这些课程是为有历史或神学知识的学生设计的。◆The job would suit someone with a business background.这项工作适合有商务经验的人。◆We are from very different backgrounds but we get on very well.我们的出身很不一样，但相处融洽。ⓘ You can also talk about the background to an event or situation. * background也可表示事件或事态的背景。 see also background ⇨ context ■ record [singular] the facts that are known about sb/sth's past behaviour, character or achievements （有关过去的）事实；记录；功过◆The report criticizes the government's record on housing.报告批评政府在住房问题上的所作所为。◆The airline has a good safety record.这家航空公司的安全情况一向很好。◆He has an impressive record of achievement.他所取得的各项成就令人赞叹。■ past [countable, usually singular] a person's life or career before now （某人）过去的经历（或事业）◆We don't know anything about his past.我们对他的过去一无所知。◆She didn't tell them about her boyfriend's criminal past.她没跟他们提起男友犯过罪。ⓘ Past can also be used to talk about an aspect of a place before now. * past也可表示某个地方昔日的一个侧面◆The country still suffers as a result of its colonial past.该国昔日曾为殖民地，至今仍深受其害。 ■ history [singular] a record of sth happening frequently in the past of a person, family or place; the set of facts that are known about sb's past （某人的）经历；家族史；（某地的）沿革◆He has a history of violent crime.他有暴力犯罪的前科。◆There is a history of heart disease in my family.我家有家族心脏病史。◆The area has a history of subsidence problems.该地区的地面沉降是个老问题。■ upbringing / /ˈʌpbrɪŋɪŋ/ / [singular, uncountable] the way in which a child is cared for and taught how to behave while it is growing up 抚育；养育；培养◆She had had a very sheltered upbringing.她在备受呵护中长大。◆He was a Catholic by upbringing.他受家庭熏陶，从小就是个天主教徒。■ ˈtrack record [singular] all the past achievements, successes or failures of a person or organization （个人或组织的）业绩记录◆As a company we have a proven track record in catering.我们公司有令人信赖的宴席承办业绩记录。◆Britain has a poor track record in foreign language teaching.英国外语教学的成绩乏善可陈。■ ˌlife ˈhistory [countable] all the events that happen in the life of a person, animal or plant 生平；（生物的）生活史◆He sat at the bar and told me his whole life history.他坐在吧台旁，对我谈起自己一生的经历。◆The aim of the project is to study the life histories of insects.该项目旨在研究昆虫的生活史。 the past noun the past ♦︎ history ♦︎ the old daysThese are all words for the time before the present. 这些词均表示昔日。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in the past / (sth's) history / the old days◆sth's colourful / rich / chequered / glorious past / history◆sth's cultural / political / imperial / industrial past / history◆(the / sth's) recent / ancient / medieval past / history◆to be lost in (the) past / history◆to distort / rewrite (the) past / history■ the past [singular] the time before the present 过去；昔日◆I used to go there often in the past.过去我常去那儿。◆Don't worry about it－it's all in the past now.别再为那事烦了－都已经过去了。◆It all happened in the distant past.那都是很久以前的事了。◆We have to stop living in the past and invest in new technology.我们不能永远活在过去，必须投资新技术。◆Writing letters seems to be a thing of the past.写信好像已是旧时的事情了。 see also past ⇨ previous adj. ■ history [uncountable, singular] all the events that happened in an earlier time, especially as part of the political or social development of a country; the set of facts that are known about the past existence of a place or group of people 历史；（某地方或某人群的）发展史◆Many people throughout history have dreamt of a world without war.历史上很多人梦想过没有战争的世界。◆These events changed the course of history.这些事件改变了历史的轨迹。◆He will go down in history (= be remembered) as a wise politician and a kind man.他将作为睿智的政治家和善良的人载入史册。◆The country has suffered several invasions during its history.该国历史上经历了几次外国入侵。◆Venice has a rich and colourful history.威尼斯的历史丰富多彩。▸ historical adjective ◆the historical background to the war这场战争的历史背景◆historical documents / records / research历史文献／档案／研究◆a historical novel / setting历史小说；历史背景▸ historically adverb ◆The book is historically inaccurate.这本书与史实不符。■ the old days idiom (rather informal) a time in the past, or an earlier time in sb's life, when things were different from the way they are now （与现在有别的）昔日，过去◆Meeting up with school friends reminded her again of the good old days.和老同学见面让她回忆起昔日的美好时光。◆That was in the bad old days of rampant inflation.那是在过去通胀失控的苦难日子。◆Deciding what to watch on television was so much easier in the old days.过去，决定看什么电视节目比现在容易多了。 story2 noun a bedtime story 临睡前给小孩读的故事the story of his life 他的生活经历story ♦︎ history ♦︎ chronicleThese are all words for an account of past events. 这些词均表示对往事的叙述、记载。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to read / write the story / a history / a chronicle of sth◆to tell (sb) / recount / relate the story / history of sth■ story [countable, usually singular] (usually the story of sth 通常作the story of sth) a written or spoken account of past events or of how sth has developed （对往事的口头或书面）叙述◆He told us the story of his life.他对我们讲述了他的生活经历。◆Tune in to 'The Story of the Beatles' tonight on Radio 2.今晚把收音机调到第2台收听“披头士乐队的故事”。■ history [countable, usually singular] (usually a history of sth 通常作a history of sth) a written or spoken account of past events 历史记载；历史传说◆She's writing a new history of Europe.她正在写一部新的欧洲史。◆She went on to catalogue a long history of disasters.接下来她列举了一长串灾难。NOTE 辨析 Story or history?If you tell the story of sth, you suggest that there is only one true version of events and this is what you are telling; if you write a history of sth you suggest that there are several possible versions of events, but this is the one that you believe. The story of sth is usually more popular and less academic than a history. * the story of sth意味着事件只有一个正确版本，而当下所讲的正是那个版本；a history of sth意味着事件可能有几个不同的版本，而当前所写的是作者深信的版本。the story of sth通常比history更受欢迎，学术性较弱。■ chronicle /ˈkrɒnɪkl; NAmE ˈkrɑːnɪkl/ [countable] a written record of events in the order in which they happened 编年史；历史◆the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle《盎格鲁-撒克逊人编年史》◆Her latest novel is a fictional chronicle of life in a Devon village.她的最近一部小说是德文郡一个小村庄虚构的生活记事。ⓘ A chronicle is usually a record of events, rather than an account: it states what happened without trying to explain it. * chronicle通常是对事件的记录而非描述，即客观记录而不加以说明。 see also chronicle ⇨ describe verb |