| 例句 |
compound noun
⇨ courtyard (the palace compound) ⇨ mixture (a chemical compound)compound verb
⇨ weaken courtyard noun courtyard ♦︎ yard ♦︎ square ♦︎ compound ♦︎ cloister ♦︎ quadrangle ♦︎ precinct ♦︎ quadThese words all mean an open space that is surrounded by a wall or buildings. 这些词均表示墙或建筑物所围成的庭院、院子、天井。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in the courtyard / yard / square / compound / cloister / quadrangle / ... precincts / quad◆across the courtyard / yard / square / compound / quadrangle / quad◆the central / main courtyard / yard / square / quadrangle◆a cobbled courtyard / yard / square◆a walled courtyard / yard / compound■ courtyard / /ˈkɔːtjɑːd; NAmE ˈkɔːrtjɑːrd/ [countable] an open space that is partly or completely surrounded by buildings and is usually part of a building such as a large house or castle （大宅、城堡等的）庭院，院子，天井◆The entrance leads through an arch and into a cobbled inner courtyard.入口穿过一道拱门，通往铺着鹅卵石的内院。■ yard /jɑːd; NAmE jɑːrd/ [countable] (BrE) an area outside a building, usually with a hard surface and a surrounding wall 院子◆The children were playing in the yard at the front of the school.孩子们在学校前面的空地上玩耍。◆They rode out of the stable yard.他们骑马出了马厩院子。■ square [countable] an open area in a town, usually with four sides, surrounded by buildings （通常为方形的）广场◆The next day, a large crowd gathered in the market square.第二天，一大群人聚集在市集广场上。■ compound /ˈkɒmpaʊnd; NAmE ˈkɑːmpaʊnd/ [countable] an area surrounded by a fence or wall in which a factory or other group of buildings stands 有围栏（或围墙）的场地（内有工厂或其他建筑群）◆Angry crowds stormed the presidential palace compound.愤怒的人群袭击了总统府大楼。■ cloister /ˈklɔɪstə(r)/ / [countable, usually plural] a covered stone passage with arches around a square garden that sometimes forms part of a religious building such as a cathedral or monastery （大教堂或寺院等宗教建筑的）回廊◆The 12th century church and cloisters remain surprisingly intact.令人惊讶的是，12世纪的教堂和回廊依然保存完好。■ quadrangle / /ˈkwɒdræŋgl; NAmE ˈkwɑːdræŋgl/ [countable] (formal) an open square area that has buildings all around it, especially in a school or college 四方院子（四周有建筑，常见于校园）◆It has a large central quadrangle entered from the south side.那里中央有一个四方大院子，入口在南边。■ precinct /ˈpriːsɪŋkt/ / [countable, usually plural] (formal) the area around a place or building, sometimes enclosed by a wall （建筑物等的）外围，围墙内区域◆The school uses many of the splendid medieval buildings in the cathedral precincts.那所学校占用了大教堂周围许多壮观的中世纪建筑。■ quad /kwɒd; NAmE kwɑːd/ [countable] (rather informal) a word for quadrangle 四方院子（quadrangle的简称）◆Her office window overlooks the quad.从她办公室的窗户可以俯瞰这个院落。 mixture noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ combination 另见combination条mixture ♦︎ compound ♦︎ solution ♦︎ blend ♦︎ alloy ♦︎ concoction ♦︎ suspension ♦︎ mix ♦︎ cocktailThese are all words for a substance which consists of two or more other substances combined. 这些词均表示混合物。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in solution / suspension◆a special mixture / blend / concoction / mix◆a potent compound / blend / cocktail◆cake / spice mixture / mix◆a mixture / a compound / a solution / an alloy / a suspension contains / containing sth■ mixture [countable, uncountable] a substance made by mixing two or more substances together 混合物◆Spread the cake mixture into a greased baking tin.把调好的蛋糕糊在抹了油的烤盘上摊开。◆Add the eggs to the mixture and beat well.将鸡蛋加进混合料中，搅打均匀。ⓘ In chemistry a mixture is a combination of two or more substances that mix together without any chemical reaction taking place. 在化学上，mixture指两种或以上物质混合在一起而未发生化学反应所形成的混合物◆An alloy is a mixture of two types of metal.合金是两种金属的混合物。 see also mixture ⇨ combination ■ compound / /ˈkɒmpaʊnd; NAmE ˈkɑːmpaʊnd/ [countable] (chemistry 化学) a substance formed by a chemical reaction of two or more elements in fixed amounts relative to each other 化合物◆Common salt is a compound of sodium and chlorine.普通食盐是钠和氯的化合物。ⓘ In non-technical language compound has the more general meaning of 'a thing consisting of two or more separate things combined together'. 在非专业用语中，compound有更笼统的意思，意为“复合物、混合物”◆The air smelled like a compound of diesel and petrol fumes.空气闻起来像是柴油和汽油混在一起发出的强烈气味。 ■ solution [countable, uncountable] a liquid in which sth has been dissolved 溶液◆Stomach ache can often be eased with an alkaline solution such as bicarbonate of soda.胃疼往往可以用碳酸氢钠之类的碱溶液缓解。■ blend [countable] a mixture of different types of the same thing, especially drinks 混合物，混成品（尤指饮料）◆We offer several different blends of freshly ground coffee.我们提供好几种现磨调和咖啡。▸ blended adjective ◆blended whisky / tea兑和威士忌；混合茶■ alloy /ˈælɔɪ/ / [countable, uncountable] a metal that is formed by mixing two types of metal together, or by mixing metal with another substance 合金◆Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc.黄铜是铜锌合金。◆alloy steel合金钢■ concoction / /kənˈkɒkʃn; NAmE kənˈkɑːkʃn/ [countable, uncountable] a strange or unusual combination of things, especially drinks or medicines （古怪或少见的）混合物，调和物，调配品（尤指饮料或药物）◆The pudding she made was a concoction of cream, egg white and rum.她做的布丁是用奶油、蛋清和朗姆酒调配成的怪东西。■ suspension /səˈspenʃn/ / [countable, uncountable] (technical 术语) a liquid with very small pieces of solid matter floating in it; the state of such a liquid 悬浮液；悬浮◆The suspension was passed through a filter to separate out the solid particles.悬浮液经由过滤器将其中的固体颗粒分离出来。◆The material carried in suspension by the tide is deposited on the shore.潮水所携带的悬浮物沉积在岸上。■ mix [countable, uncountable] a combination of things that you need to make sth, often sold as a powder that you add water or other substances to 配料，混合料（常为粉状）◆I'll buy a packet of cake mix to save time.我要买一袋蛋糕粉，以节省时间。NOTE 辨析 Mixture or mix?A cake mixture is the substance you make after adding together all the ingredients, a cake mix is a powder that you buy and simply add water, milk, etc. to in order to produce the mixture. * cake mixture是将所有制作蛋糕的原料添加在一起调成的蛋糕糊；cake mix指买来的粉状物，只需加水、牛奶等就可以调配成mixture。■ cocktail /ˈkɒkteɪl; NAmE ˈkɑːkteɪl/ [countable] a mixture of different substances, usually ones that do not mix together well 混合物（通常由不太相融的物质掺和而成）◆a lethal cocktail of drugs致命的混合药物 weaken verb ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ worsen 另见worsen条weaken ♦︎ make sth worse ♦︎ add to sth ♦︎ compound ♦︎ exacerbate ♦︎ aggravateThese words all mean to make sb/sth weaker or worse in some way. 这些词均表示使更虚弱、使恶化。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to add to / compound / exacerbate / aggravate a problem◆to add to / compound / exacerbate / aggravate worries / concerns◆to add to / exacerbate / aggravate tensions◆to compound / exacerbate / aggravate a situation◆to make a problem / a situation worse◆to seriously weaken / add to / compound / exacerbate / aggravate sth◆to greatly weaken / add to / exacerbate / aggravate sth◆to only add to / compound / exacerbate / aggravate sth◆to only make sth worse■ weaken [transitive] (rather formal) to make sb/sth less strong or powerful 使虚弱；削弱◆The team has been weakened by injury.该队因伤实力减弱。◆The new evidence weakens the case against her.新的证据削弱了指控她的案由。◆This new story has severely weakened the President's position.这条新闻严重削弱了总统的地位。 OPP strengthen ⇨ strengthen ■ make sth ˈworse phrase (made, made) (rather informal) to cause a problem or situation to be more difficult or less hopeful than it was before 使（问题或形势）更糟；使恶化◆Don't tell her that－you'll only make things worse.别把这件事告诉她－你只会火上浇油。◆To make matters worse, the value of homes has dropped dramatically.更糟糕的是，房产价值急剧下降。■ ˈadd to sth phrasal verb to make a problem or bad feeling worse by introducing new difficulties to the situation 使（问题或不良情绪）更糟；使恶化◆The bad weather only added to our difficulties.恶劣的天气使我们的处境愈加困难。■ compound / /kəmˈpaʊnd/ / [transitive, often passive] (rather formal, written) to make a problem, situation or feeling worse or more extreme by introducing new difficulties or facts 使（问题、形势或情绪）加重；使恶化◆The problems were compounded by severe food shortages.严重的食品短缺使问题恶化。■ exacerbate / /ɪgˈzæsəbeɪt; NAmE ɪgˈzæsərbeɪt/ [transitive] (formal) to make an illness, problem or difficult situation worse 使（病情、问题或困难）恶化；加重◆The symptoms may be exacerbated by certain drugs.这些症状可能会因为某些药物而加重。◆His aggressive reaction only exacerbated the situation.他的挑衅行为只会使情况恶化。 OPP alleviate ⇨ ease ■ aggravate /ˈægrəveɪt/ / [transitive] (formal) to make an illness, problem or difficult situation worse 使（病情、问题或困难）恶化；加重◆He aggravated an old shoulder injury during the win against Chelsea.他在击败切尔西的比赛中加剧了肩上的旧伤。◆Military intervention will only aggravate the conflict even further.军事干预只会使冲突进一步恶化。OPP alleviate ⇨ ease NOTE 辨析 Exacerbate or aggravate?There is very little difference in meaning or use between these words. However, aggravate collocates much more strongly with injury. 这两个词在含义和用法上差别很小，但是与injury搭配时大多用aggravate◆He exacerbated an old shoulder injury. |