| 例句 |
illustrate verb
⇨ decorate (an illustrated book) ⇨ explain 1 (illustrate a point) ⇨ show 1 (This incident illustrates…) decorate verb decorate ♦︎ adorn ♦︎ garnish ♦︎ illustrate ♦︎ edge ♦︎ hang ♦︎ festoon ♦︎ deck ♦︎ ornament ♦︎ trimThese words all mean to make sth look more attractive by putting things on it. 这些词均表示装饰、装潢、装点。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to decorate / adorn / garnish / illustrate / edge / hang / festoon / deck / ornament / trim sth with sth◆to decorate / festoon / deck sth in sth◆richly decorated / adorned / ornamented■ decorate [transitive] to make sth look more attractive by putting things on it; to be placed on sth in order to make it look more attractive 装饰；装潢；点缀；装点◆They decorated the room with flowers and balloons.他们用花和气球装饰了房间。◆The cake was decorated to look like a car.那蛋糕装饰得像一辆汽车。◆Photographs of actors decorated the walls of the restaurant.一些演员照片点缀在餐馆的墙壁上。 see also decoration ⇨ ornament ■ adorn [transitive, often passive] (formal) to make sb/sth look more attractive by decorating it or them with sth 装饰；装扮◆The walls were adorned with paintings.墙壁上装饰着油画。■ garnish [transitive] to decorate a dish of food with a small amount of another food （为菜肴）加装饰；加饰菜于◆Garnish the chicken with almonds.在鸡肉上面加杏仁点缀一下。◆soup garnished with croutons加了油炸面包丁的汤■ illustrate [transitive, usually passive] to use pictures, photographs, diagrams, etc. in a book, etc. 给（书籍等）加插图，做图表◆a beautifully illustrated book有精美插图的书◆His lecture was illustrated with slides taken during the expedition.他的演讲中穿插了探险时拍摄的幻灯片。 see also illustration ⇨ diagram ■ edge [transitive, usually passive] to put sth around the edge of sth, especially as a decoration 给⋯镶边（尤作为装饰）◆The handkerchief was edged with lace.那条手帕镶了蕾丝边。■ hang (hung, hung) [transitive, usually passive] (always used with with 总是与with连用) to decorate a place by placing paintings, etc. on a wall 在（墙上）挂装饰◆The room was hung with tapestries.那个房间装饰着挂毯。 see also hanging ⇨ curtain ■ festoon / /feˈstuːn/ / [transitive, usually passive] (literary) to decorate sb/sth with flowers, lights or coloured paper, often as part of a celebration 给⋯饰花彩，结彩于（常作为庆典的一部分）◆The streets were festooned with banners and lights.大街上装饰着彩旗和彩灯。■ deck [transitive, usually passive] to decorate sb/sth with sth, especially colourful clothes, fabric, flowers or plants （尤指用彩色服装、织物、鲜花或植物）装饰，装点，打扮◆The Conservative candidate and his supporters were decked in blue rosettes.保守党候选人及其支持者佩戴着蓝色玫瑰形饰物。◆The room was decked out in flowers and balloons.房间里装点着鲜花和气球。ⓘ In everyday language, deck is only used in the phrase decked (out) in/with sth. It is only used in the active in literary or poetic contexts. 在日常用语中，deck仅用于短语decked (out) in/with sth中，只有在文学作品或诗歌中才用主动语态◆Deck the halls with boughs of holly!用冬青树枝来装饰大厅吧！ ■ ornament /ˈɔːnəmənt; NAmE ˈɔːrnəmənt/ [transitive, usually passive] (formal) to add decoration to sth 装饰；点缀；美化◆The room was richly ornamented with carving.房间雕饰得富丽堂皇。 see also ornament ⇨ ornament noun ■ trim (-mm-) [transitive, usually passive] to decorate sth, especially a piece of clothing, especially around its edges （尤指给衣服）点缀，加饰边，镶边◆She wore gloves trimmed with fur.她戴了一副毛皮镶边的手套。▸ trimming noun [uncountable, countable, usually plural] ◆a white blouse with navy-blue trimming有深蓝色饰边的白色女衬衫 explain1 verb explain how sth works 解释⋯的工作原理explain your behaviour 说明你这样做的原因explain ♦︎ illustrate ♦︎ define ♦︎ clarify ♦︎ shed/cast/throw light on sth ♦︎ spell sth out ♦︎ interpret ♦︎ expoundThese words all mean to tell sb about sth in a way that makes them able to understand it. 这些词均表示解释、说明。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to explain / clarify / spell sth out / expound sth to sb◆to explain / spell out that...◆to explain / illustrate / clarify / shed light on / spell out how / what... / why...◆to explain / clarify / shed light on a / an situation / issue◆to explain / illustrate / clarify / expound an idea◆to explain / illustrate / clarify a point◆to explain / illustrate / define / clarify the position / role / nature / meaning of sth◆to explain / illustrate / expound a theory◆to clearly explain / illustrate / define / spell out / expound sth■ explain [transitive, intransitive] to tell sb about sth in a way that makes it easy or easier for them to understand 解释；说明；阐明◆First, let me explain the rules of the game.首先，我来说明一下游戏的规则。◆I tried to explain the problem to the technician.我试图向那个技术员解释这个问题。◆She explained to them what to do in the event of an emergency.她向他们说明了紧急情况下要怎么做。◆'It was like this,' she explained.“事情就是这样了。”她解释道。◆There's no need to explain. We understand.没有必要解释，我们明白。ⓘ You cannot say 'explain me/him/her, etc.'. * explain后不能直接跟人称代词，要用explain sth to sb◆Can you explain the situation to me?能给我说明一下情况吗？◆Can you explain me the situation? see also explanatory ⇨ descriptive ▸ explanation [countable] ◆For a full explanation of how the machine works, turn to page 5.关于机器工作原理的详细说明，请见第5页。■ illustrate [transitive] to make the meaning of sth clearer by using examples, pictures, diagrams, etc. （用事例、图片、图表等）说明，解释◆To illustrate my point, let me tell you a little story.为了说明我的观点，我来给你们讲个小故事。◆Last year's sales figures are illustrated in Figure 2.图2显示了去年的销售数字。 see also illustrate ⇨ show 1 , illustration ⇨ diagram , illustration ⇨ example 1 , illustrative ⇨ descriptive ■ define [transitive] to say or explain what the meaning of a word or phrase is 解释（词语）含义；给（词语）下定义◆The term 'mental illness' is difficult to define.“精神病”这个词很难下定义。◆Life imprisonment is defined as 60 years under state law.按照州法律终身监禁定义为60年。 see also definition ⇨ definition ■ clarify / /ˈklærəfaɪ/ / [transitive] (rather formal) to make sth clearer or easier for sb to understand 使更清晰易懂；阐明；澄清◆Let me clarify my position on this matter.我来澄清一下我在这件事情上的立场。◆There are one or two issues that need to be clarified.有一两个问题需要再说明一下。◆I hope I managed to clarify things a little.希望我已经把事情解释得清楚些了。▸ clarification noun [uncountable, countable] ◆I am seeking clarification of the regulations.我正努力弄清这些规则。■ shed ˈlight on sth■ throw ˈlight on sth■ cast ˈlight on sth idiom (shedding, shed, shed; cast, cast; threw, thrown)to make sth easier to understand by explaining parts of it （部分地）解释清楚，阐明◆Recent research has thrown some new light on the causes of the disease.最新的研究进一步解释了这种病的病因。◆The report casts no light on (= does not explain) why some children are still failing to achieve at school.这个报告没有解释为什么一些儿童仍然不能在学业上取得进步。ⓘ A person, sth they say or write, or a new discovery can shed/cast/throw light on sth. * shed/cast/throw light on sth的主语可以是人、言论或文章，或是新的研究发现。■ ˌspell sth ˈout phrasal verb to explain sth in a very clear, simple way （用浅显的方式）解释明白，讲清楚◆You know what I mean－ I'm sure I don't need to spell it out.你明白我的意思－肯定不需要解释了。■ interpret [transitive] to explain the meaning of sth such as a text or work of art, especially when it is possible to understand or explain it in several different ways 诠释，解读（文本、艺术品等，尤指诠释方式不只一种）◆The students were asked to interpret the poem.学生被要求诠释那首诗。 see also interpretation ⇨ definition , interpretative ⇨ descriptive ■ expound [transitive, intransitive] (formal) to explain sth by talking about it in detail 详解；详述；阐述◆She expounded her theory further in the course of her talk.她在发言中进一步详述了她的理论。◆He was there to expound on the government's latest policy initiative.他去那儿的目的是阐述政府政策的最新方案。 show1 verb opinion polls show... 民意调查表明⋯Show me that letter. 把那封信给我看看。show courage/respect 表现出勇气／敬意show ♦︎ prove ♦︎ indicate ♦︎ demonstrate ♦︎ illustrateThese words all mean to make sth clear or show that sth is true. 这些词均表示表明、证明。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达证明的语气强弱程度| indicate | ➔ | show | ➔ | prove | | | demonstrate | | | | | illustrate | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to show / prove / indicate / demonstrate sth to sb◆to show / prove / indicate / demonstrate / illustrate that / what / how...◆figures / studies show / prove / indicate / demonstrate / illustrate sth◆research shows / proves / indicates / demonstrates / illustrates sth◆to show / prove / indicate / demonstrate / illustrate sth clearly◆to show / prove / demonstrate sth conclusively / beyond doubt■ show (showed, shown) [transitive] to use facts or evidence to make sth clear; to make clear what sb/sth is or what they can do （用事实或证据）表明，证明◆The government's popularity is declining rapidly, as the opinion polls show.民意调查表明，政府的支持率正在急剧下降。◆Let me show you exactly what this will mean.我来告诉你这究竟将意味着什么。◆They have published a report showing the company's current situation.他们已公布了一份表明公司当前状况的报告。◆He has shown himself to be a caring father.他已经证明了自己是个有爱心的父亲。◆ (informal) They think I can't do it, but I'll show them!他们认为我做不了，我却要证明给他们看！■ prove (proved, proved or proved, proven, especially in NAmE ) [transitive] to use facts or evidence to show that sth is true （用事实或证据）证明，证实◆This proves (that) I was right.这证明我是对的。◆She was determined to prove everyone wrong.她决心要证明大家都错了。◆They hope this new evidence will prove her innocence.他们希望这一新证据将证明她无罪。◆'I know you're lying.' 'Prove it!'“我知道你在撒谎。”“拿出证据来！”◆He felt he needed to prove his point (= show other people that he was right).他觉得有必要证明自己的看法是对的。◆Are you just doing this to prove a point?你这么做就是为了证明自己对吗？OPP disprove ⇨ disprove see also proof ⇨ evidence , proven ⇨ final adj. NOTE 辨析 Show or prove? Prove is often preferred to show to give a stronger sense of justice being done. 表达较强的公正感时，常用prove而不用show。■ indicate [transitive] (rather formal) to show or suggest that sth is true or exists 表明；显示◆Record profits in the retail market indicate a boom in the economy.零售市场上有史以来的最高利润表明经济的繁荣。◆Kingston-upon-Thames, as the name indicates, is situated on the banks of the Thames.泰晤士河畔金斯顿区，正如其名称所示，位于泰晤士河畔。 see also indication , indicator ⇨ sign 1 , indicate ⇨ declare , indicate ⇨ suggest ■ demonstrate / /ˈdemənstreɪt/ / [transitive] (rather formal) show that sth is true 证明；证实◆These results demonstrate convincingly that our campaign is working.这些结果有力地证明，我们的运动正在发挥作用。◆The theories were demonstrated to be false.这些理论已证实是错误的。 see also demonstration ⇨ evidence ■ illustrate [transitive] (rather formal) to show that sth is true or exists 表明；显示◆The incident illustrates the need for better security measures.这起事件说明有必要加强安全措施。 see also illustrate ⇨ explain 1 , illustration ⇨ example 1 NOTE 辨析 Indicate, demonstrate or illustrate? Demonstrate is the strongest of these words and indicate is the weakest. In this meaning one thing indicates or illustrates another: these words cannot take a person as subject, although demonstrate can. 这三个词中demonstrate语气最强，indicate语气最弱。表达此义时，indicate和illustrate指一件事情表明另一件事情，不能以人作主语，而demonstrate则可以◆Let me demonstrate to you some of the difficulties we are facing.我来向你说明一下我们所面临的一些困难吧。◆Let me indicate/illustrate to you the difficulties we are facing. |