| 例句 |
approximate verb
⇨ approachapproximate adj.
⇨ vague approach verb approach ♦︎ touch ♦︎ approximate ♦︎ border on sth ♦︎ verge on sth ♦︎ be getting on for sthThese words all mean to come close to, or just reach, sth in amount, level or quality. 这些词均表示接近或刚好达到一定的数量、水平或质量。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to border on / verge on paranoia / hysteria / fanaticism / contempt / arrogance◆to border on / verge on the insane / obsessive◆to approach / be getting on for midnight / three o'clock / tea time / lunchtime, etc.■ approach [transitive] (rather formal) to come close to sth in amount, level or quality （在数量、水平或质量上）接近◆They have just announced profits approaching $30 million.他们刚刚宣布了有近3 000万元的利润。◆Few writers approach his richness of language.他语言之丰富很少有作家能望其项背。■ touch [transitive] to just reach a particular level 刚刚达到（某一水平）◆The speedometer was touching 90.速度表跳到了90。■ approximate /əˈprɒksɪmeɪt; NAmE əˈprɑːksɪmeɪt/ [transitive, intransitive] (formal) to come close to sth in nature, amount, level or quality （在性质、数量、水平或质量上）接近，近似◆The animals were reared in conditions which approximated the wild as closely as possible.这些动物是在尽量近似自然的条件下饲养的。◆His story approximates to the facts that we already know.他的陈述和我们已掌握的事实接近。■ ˈborder on sth phrasal verb to come very close to being sth, especially an extreme or unpleasant quality or emotion 近乎，濒于（尤指极端或不愉快的特征或情绪）◆His devotion bordered on the obsessive.他专注到近乎痴迷的程度。◆She felt an anxiety bordering on hysteria.她感觉到一种近乎歇斯底里的焦虑。■ ˈverge on sth phrasal verb to border on sth 近乎；濒于◆Some of his suggestions verged on the outrageous.他的一些建议都快到了荒唐的地步。◆She felt a dislike for him verging on contempt.她觉得自己对他的厌恶几乎到了鄙视的程度。NOTE 辨析 Border on sth or verge on sth?There is no real difference in meaning between these two words. Border on sth is about twice as frequent as verge on sth, which is slightly more literary. 这两种表达方式在含义上没有实质差别，border on sth的使用频率约是verge on sth的两倍，而后者文学性稍强。■ be getting on for sth idiom (especially BrE, rather informal) to be nearly a particular time, age or number, especially a late time or old age 接近（某一时间、年龄或数目，尤指晚些时候或晚年）◆It must be getting on for midnight.一定快到午夜了。◆He's getting on for eighty.他差不多八十岁了。 vague adjective vague ♦︎ approximate ♦︎ rough ♦︎ indeterminate ♦︎ indistinct ♦︎ imprecise ♦︎ ill-defined ♦︎ borderlineThese words all describe sth that is not clear or exact. 这些词均表示模糊的、粗略的、大致的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆vague / imprecise about sth◆a vague / an approximate / a rough idea◆a vague / an imprecise / an ill-defined term◆a vague / an ill-defined concept◆an approximate / a rough calculation / figure / estimate / guide / translation◆very vague / approximate / rough / indistinct / imprecise / ill-defined / borderline◆somewhat vague / indeterminate / indistinct / imprecise / ill-defined◆rather vague / imprecise / ill-defined■ vague / /veɪg/ / not clear in a person's mind; not having or giving enough information or details about sth （思想上）模糊的，不明确的；不具体的；粗略的◆I have a vague recollection of meeting him when I was a child.我依稀记得小时候曾见过他。◆She's a little vague about her plans for next year.她对自己明年的计划不怎么明确。◆He was accused of being deliberately vague.他被指责故意含糊其词。OPP clear ⇨ sure ▸ vaguely adverb ◆I can vaguely remember my first day at school.我还依稀记得自己第一天上学的情形。◆a vaguely worded statement措辞含糊的声明■ approximate / /əˈprɒksɪmət; NAmE əˈprɑːksɪmət/ (rather formal, especially written) (especially of numbers and amounts) almost correct or accurate, but not completely so; not exact （尤指数字和数量）大约的，近似的，接近的；不确切的◆The cost given is only approximate.所列成本仅为约计。◆Use these figures as an approximate guide in your calculations.你们计算时把这些数字作为近似参考数值。OPP exact ⇨ exact ▸ approximately adverb ◆The journey took approximately seven hours.旅程大约花了七个小时。◆The two buildings were approximately equal in size.这两座建筑差不多同样大小。■ rough not exact; not including all the details 不确切的；粗略的；大致的◆There were about 20 people there, at a rough guess.那里约计有20人。◆I made a rough sketch of the inside of the church.我画了一幅教堂内部环境的草图。OPP exact ⇨ exact ▸ roughly adverb ◆We live roughly halfway between here and the coast.我们住的地方大致在这里和海滨中间。◆Roughly speaking, we receive about fifty letters a week on the subject.粗略地说，我们每周收到大约五十封有关这一问题的来信。NOTE 辨析 Approximate or rough? Approximate most often describes the number, amount, cost, etc. of sth, although it can also describe an estimate or idea (but not a 'guess') of the number, amount, cost, etc. Rough can also describe the number, amount or cost of sth, but more often describes an estimate, idea or guess of sth. Rough, but not approximate can be used to describe a piece of writing or drawing. * approximate最常与number、amount、cost等词搭配，表示某物的数目、数量、费用等为约数，但也可与estimate或idea搭配，表示对数目、数量、费用等的估计或大致看法（但不可与guess搭配）。rough也可修饰某物的数目、数量或费用，但更常与estimate、idea或guess搭配。rough可用于修饰文字作品或绘画，approximate则不能◆an approximate draft/sketch of sth ■ indeterminate /ˌɪndɪˈtɜːmɪnət; NAmE ˌɪndɪˈtɜːrmɪnət/ (rather formal, especially written) that cannot be identified easily or exactly 模糊的；不确定的；难以识别的◆Her eyes were an indeterminate colour.难以确定她的眼睛是什么颜色。◆She was a tall woman of indeterminate age.她是个看不出年龄的高大女子。■ indistinct /ˌɪndɪˈstɪŋkt/ / that cannot be seen, heard or remembered clearly 模糊不清的；不清楚的◆an indistinct figure in the distance远处一个朦胧的身影◆His memory of the incident was somewhat indistinct.他对那次事件的记忆有些模糊了。 OPP distinct ⇨ marked ■ imprecise / /ˌɪmprɪˈsaɪs/ / not accurate; not giving exact details or not making sth clear 不准确的；不精确的；不明确的◆The problems arise from an imprecise definition of terms.这些问题因术语定义不准所致。◆The witness's descriptions were too imprecise to be of any real value.证人的描述太不明确，没有任何实际价值。OPP precise ⇨ exact see also ambiguous ⇨ misleading ▸ imprecisely adverb ◆These terms are often used imprecisely.这些术语常常使用得不够准确。■ ˌill-deˈfined (rather formal, disapproving) not clearly described 不清楚的；含混的◆The precise aims of the committee remain ill-defined.委员会的确切目标仍不清楚。■ borderline /ˈbɔːdəlaɪn; NAmE ˈbɔːrdərlaɪn/ not clearly belonging to a particular condition or group; not clearly acceptable 所属不清的；两可之间的◆In doubtful and borderline cases teachers will take the final decision.在难以定夺的情况下，将由教师作出最终评定。 see also borderline ⇨ limit noun 2 |