| 例句 |
accumulate verb
⇨ build up (debts began to accumulate) ⇨ collect (accumulate books/a fortune; dust accumulates)build up phrasal verb build up ♦︎ accumulate ♦︎ pile up ♦︎ accrue ♦︎ multiply ♦︎ mount upThese words all mean to increase in number or amount over a period of time. 这些词均表示在数目或数量上逐渐增多。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to build up / multiply / mount up to sth a large number / amount, 50 000, etc.◆debts build up / accumulate / pile up / mount up◆problems build up / accumulate / multiply◆to build up / accumulate / pile up / mount up slowly / gradually / steadily◆to build up / accumulate / multiply rapidly◆to build up / pile up / multiply / mount up quickly■ ˌbuild ˈup phrasal verb to become greater, more powerful or larger in number 加大；变强；增多◆All the pressure built up and he was off work for weeks with stress.各方面的压力越来越大，他因不堪重压有好几个星期没上班。◆The music builds up to a rousing climax.音乐逐渐达到了令人振奋的高潮。▸ ˈbuild-up noun [uncountable] ◆a steady build-up of traffic in the evenings晚间逐渐繁忙的交通◆carbon dioxide build-up in the atmosphere大气中二氧化碳含量的逐渐增多■ accumulate / /əˈkjuːmjəleɪt/ / [intransitive] to gradually increase in number or amount over a period of time （数额）逐渐增长；（数量）逐渐增加◆Debts began to accumulate.债务开始增加。◆Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly.房子如果不经常打扫，灰尘很快会越积越多。ⓘ Accumulate can be used to talk about money in the form of interest, benefits or debts. It can also be used to talk about material or substances that build up in a place, the environment or the atmosphere over a long period of time. Accumulate can also be used with an object. * accumulate可指利息、奖金或债务等形式的金钱增多，也可指某个地方、自然环境或大气里物质长期积聚。accumulate还可带宾语。▸ accumulation noun [uncountable, countable] ◆the accumulation of wealth财富的积累◆an accumulation of toxic chemicals有毒化学物质的积聚■ ˌpile ˈup phrasal verb (rather informal) (of sth unwanted, especially work or debts) to increase in amount, so that there is too much of it to deal with （不受欢迎的事物，尤指工作或债务）堆积，积压◆Work always piles up at the end of the year.年底总是积压一大堆工作。■ accrue / /əˈkruː/ / [intransitive] (formal) to increase in amount over a period of time （逐渐）增长，增加◆Interest will accrue if you keep your money in a savings account.如果把钱存入储蓄账户，就会自然生息。◆There are economic benefits accruing to the country from tourism.旅游业逐渐为该国带来经济效益。ⓘ Accrue is often used when talking about money, and the increase is usually a good thing. * accrue常用于指金钱增长，而这种增长通常是好事◆Interest / benefits / profits will accrue.利息／奖金／利润会逐渐增长。 ■ multiply [intransitive, transitive] to increase or make sth increase very much in number, amount or level 成倍增加；迅速增加◆Our problems have multiplied since last year.自去年以来，我们的问题成倍增加。◆Cigarette smoking multiplies the risk of cancer.吸烟大大增加得癌症的风险。■ ˌmount ˈup phrasal verb (of sth unwanted, especially costs or debts) to increase gradually in size or amount （不受欢迎的事物，尤指成本或债务）增加，上升◆Meanwhile, the bills were mounting up.同时，账单越积越多。◆It's surprising how the cost of all those little extras can mount up.那些小笔额外开支全部累加起来很惊人。 collect verb collect ♦︎ gather ♦︎ accumulate ♦︎ rack up sth ♦︎ run sth up ♦︎ amass ♦︎ accrueThese words all mean to get more of sth over a period of time, or to increase in quantity over a period of time. 这些词均表示收集、积累。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to collect / gather / accumulate / amass data / evidence / information◆to accumulate / rack up / run up / amass / accrue debts◆to accumulate / rack up / run up / accrue losses◆to accumulate / rack up profit◆to accumulate / amass a fortune◆to accumulate / accrue interest◆debts accumulate / accrue◆dirt / dust / debris collects / accumulates◆to gradually / slowly / steadily collect / gather / accumulate (sth)■ collect [transitive, intransitive] to bring things or information together from different people or places; to gradually increase in amount in a place 收集；采集；积聚；积累◆We've been collecting data from various sources.我们一直从不同来源收集数据。◆Samples were collected from over 200 patients.样本是从200多个病人那里采集得来的。◆We seem to have collected an enormous number of boxes (= without intending to).我们似乎无意中积存了大量盒子。◆Dirt had collected in the corners of the room.房间的角落里积满了灰尘。ⓘ People sometimes collect things of a particular type as a hobby. * collect可指作为爱好而收藏◆to collect stamps / postcards / fossils集邮；收集明信片；收藏化石 ■ gather [transitive] to bring things together that have been spread around; to collect information from different sources 收拢，归拢（分散的东西）；搜集，收集（情报）◆I waited while he gathered up his papers.他整理文件时我在一旁等待。◆She gathered her things together and got to her feet.她把她的东西归拢在一起，站了起来。◆Detectives have spent months gathering evidence.侦探花了数月时间搜集证据。NOTE 辨析 Collect or gather?Both collect and gather can be used in the same way to talk about bringing together data, information or evidence. When talking about things, gather is used with words like things, belongings or papers when the things are spread around within a short distance. Collect is used to talk about getting examples of sth from different people or places that are physically separated. * collect和gather均可指收集数据、信息或证据。表示收集物品时，gather可以和things、belongings或papers等搭配，表示归拢分散在不远处的东西。collect可指从较为分散的人或地方采集样本。■ accumulate / /əˈkjuːmjəleɪt/ / [transitive, intransitive] (rather formal) to gradually get more and more of sth over a period of time; to gradually increase in number or amount over a period of time 积累；积聚；（数量或数额）逐渐增加◆I seem to have accumulated a lot of books.我好像已经积了很多书。◆By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune.她投资精明，积累了一笔财富。◆Debts began to accumulate.债务开始增加。◆Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly.如果房间没有定期打扫，很快就会积尘。▸ accumulation noun [uncountable, countable] ◆the accumulation of wealth财富的积累◆an accumulation of toxic chemicals有毒化学物质的积聚NOTE 辨析 Collect or accumulate?Dust and dirt or some other material can collect or accumulate in a place if it gradually increases in amount over a period of time. Collect is used especially when a small amount of dust or dirt gets stuck in places that are hard to clean. * collect或accumulate均可指尘垢或其他物质在一段时间内逐渐累积。collect尤指少量尘埃或污垢积于某处，难以清除◆Food debris collects in holes in the teeth.食物残渣在齿洞里积聚。 Accumulate is used especially about a larger amount of material that increases very gradually over a very long period of time. * accumulate尤指大量物质在很长的时期逐渐累积◆The sediment accumulates over millions of years.沉积物历经几百万年逐渐沉积。 ■ ˌrack ˈup sth phrasal verb (rather informal, business 商业 or journalism 新闻) to collect sth, such as profits or losses in a business, or points in a competition 累积，聚集（利润、亏损等）；累计取得（得分）◆The company racked up $200 million in losses in two years.该公司两年内损失累计达2亿元。◆In ten years of boxing he racked up a record 176 wins.在十年的拳击生涯中，他累计获胜176次，创下纪录。■ ˌrun sth ˈup phrasal verb (running, ran, ran) (rather informal) to allow a bill, debt or loss to reach a large total 积欠（账款、债务或亏损）；累积◆She had run up a huge phone bill during the course of the relationship.在那段交往中，她积下了数额庞大的电话费。ⓘ Run up is nearly always used with bill, debt or loss. * run up几乎总是与bill、debt或loss连用。■ amass / /əˈmæs/ / [transitive] (especially written) to collect sth in large amounts, especially money, debts or information （大量）积累，积聚（尤指金钱、债务或信息）◆He amassed a fortune from silver mining.他靠开采银矿积累了一大笔财富。◆They amassed enough evidence to convict her.他们搜集了足够证据给她定罪。■ accrue / /əˈkruː/ / [transitive] (formal) to allow a sum of money or debts to grow over a period of time 积累（金钱或债务）◆The money was placed in a special account to accrue interest.那笔钱放在一个专门账户下生息。◆The firm had accrued debts of over $6m.该公司已积欠了600多万元的债务。 |