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medicine noun
⇨ drug 2 (cough medicine) ⇨ treatment (modern medicine)drug2 noun take illegal drugs 吸食毒品prescribe drugs for a medical condition 根据病情开药drug ♦︎ medicine ♦︎ prescription ♦︎ medication ♦︎ cure ♦︎ remedy ♦︎ placebo ♦︎ antidoteThese are all words for treatments for people who are ill. 这些词均表示药物或治疗。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a drug / medicine / a prescription / medication / a cure / a remedy / an antidote for sth◆(an) effective drug / medicine / medication / cure / remedy◆a herbal medicine / cure / remedy◆to take your medicine / your medication / a remedy / a placebo / the antidote◆to prescribe drugs / medicine / medication / a cure / a remedy◆to find a cure / a remedy / an antidote■ drug [countable] a substance which is used to cure or fight an illness or its symptoms (= signs of illness) 药；药物◆The doctor put me on a course of pain-killing drugs.医生让我服一个疗程的止痛药。◆Drug companies are always developing new products.药品公司总是在开发新药。ⓘ Do not say take drugs if you are talking about legal, medical drugs. 表示吃药不能用take drugs◆Are you taking any drugs for your headaches? ◆Are you taking anything for your headaches?你吃治头痛的药了吗？ ■ medicine [uncountable, countable] a substance, especially a liquid, that you drink or swallow in order to cure an illness 药；（尤指）药水◆She gave me a dose of cough medicine.她给了我一剂咳嗽药。◆Food and medicines are being airlifted to the flood-hit area.食物和药品被空运到水灾地区。 see also medicine ⇨ treatment ■ prescription / /prɪˈskrɪpʃn/ / [countable] an official piece of paper on which a doctor writes the type of medicine you should have, and which enables you to get it from a pharmacist (= a person who has been trained to prepare medicines); the medicine that your doctor has ordered for you 处方；药方；处方药◆The doctor gave me a prescription for antibiotics.医生给我开了抗生素。◆Antibiotics are only available on prescription.抗生素只能凭处方购买。◆The pharmacist will make up your prescription.药剂师会按方配药。▸ prescribe verb [transitive] ◆The doctor may be able to prescribe something for that cough.医生也许能给你开一些止咳药。■ medication / /ˌmedɪˈkeɪʃn/ / [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) a medical drug; a course of medical drugs taken to treat or prevent an illness 药；药物；服药疗程◆Are you currently taking any medication?你目前服用什么药吗？◆My grandmother has been on medication for years.我祖母多年来一直在接受药物治疗。◆Many flu medications are available without a prescription.许多流感药不用处方就可以买到。NOTE 辨析 Drug, medicine or medication? Drug emphasizes what the substance is made of; it is used especially when talking about the chemicals industry that makes these substances. Medicine and medication emphasize what the substance is used for. Medicine is used especially when talking about treating illnesses in general. Medication is used especially when talking about treating a particular illness or person; it is often used to talk about the treatment of more serious medical conditions. * drug强调药物的物质成分，尤用来谈论制药业。medicine和medication则强调这些物质的作用。medicine泛指医药，medication尤指治疗特定疾病或个人的药物，适用病情通常较严重。■ cure [countable] a medicine or medical treatment that cures an illness 药；药物；疗法◆Although there is no cure for this illness, it can be treated to reduce the pain.这种病尚无治愈方法，但可通过医治减轻病痛。◆The only real cure is rest.这种病唯一确实有效的疗法就是休息。 see also cure ⇨ cure verb , cure ⇨ treatment noun ■ remedy / /ˈremədi/ / [countable] a medicine or treatment for an illness that is not very serious （针对小病的）药物，疗法，治疗◆I prefer to use herbal remedies when I have a cold.我感冒时喜欢用草药治疗。◆The best home remedy for a sore throat is honey and lemon.治疗咽喉疼痛的最佳家庭疗法是蜂蜜加柠檬。■ placebo /pləˈsiːbəʊ; NAmE pləˈsiːboʊ/ (plural placebos) [countable] a substance that has no physical effects, given to patients who do not need medicine but think they do, or used when testing new drugs （给无实际治疗需要者的）安慰剂；（试验新药用的）无效对照剂◆Half of the people taking part in the experiment were given a placebo.参与药物试验者有半数所服用的是无效对照剂。■ antidote /ˈæntidəʊt; NAmE ˈæntidoʊt/ [countable] a substance that controls the effect of a particular poison 解毒药；解毒剂◆There is no known antidote to the poison produced by this fish.这种鱼所产生的毒尚无解药。 treatment noun treatment ♦︎ surgery ♦︎ medicine ♦︎ therapy ♦︎ operation ♦︎ healing ♦︎ medical care ♦︎ cure ♦︎ nursingThese are all words for the practice or study of making people well after illness or injury. 这些词均表示治疗、疗法、诊治。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆treatment / surgery / therapy / an operation for sth◆surgery / an operation on sb / sth◆(an) emergency treatment / surgery / operation◆(a / an) alternative / orthodox / conventional treatment / medicine / therapy◆to have treatment / surgery / therapy / an operation / medical care◆to undergo treatment / surgery / therapy / an operation◆to receive treatment / surgery / therapy / medical care◆to need / require treatment / surgery / therapy / an operation / medical care◆to give sb treatment / therapy / medical care◆to carry out treatment / surgery / an operation◆to perform surgery / an operation■ treatment [uncountable, countable] something that is done to cure an illness or injury, or to make sb look or feel good 治疗；疗法；诊治；护理◆He is receiving treatment for shock.他因休克正在接受治疗。◆She is responding well to treatment.她经过治疗大有起色。◆Guests at the health spa receive a range of beauty and fitness treatments.客人在健康水疗馆可接受各种美容及保健护理。■ surgery / /ˈsɜːdʒəri; NAmE ˈsɜːrdʒəri/ [uncountable] medical treatment of injuries or diseases that involves cutting open the body and often removing or replacing some parts; the branch of medicine connected with this treatment 外科手术；外科学◆The doctor had to perform emergency surgery to the patient's head.医生不得不对病人头部做紧急手术。◆She will require surgery on her left knee.她的左膝需要做手术。◆My brother went on to study surgery.我哥哥进而攻读外科学。ⓘ Plastic surgery or cosmetic surgery is medical operations to repair injury to a person's skin, or to improve their appearance. * plastic surgery或cosmetic surgery指整形手术、整容手术。■ medicine [uncountable] the study and treatment of diseases and injuries 医学◆She went on to practise medicine after completing her studies.完成学业后，她开始行医。◆Which branch of medicine are you going to train in?你要接受哪个医学分支的培训？◆He gave up general medicine to specialize in geriatric medicine.他放弃了普通内科，专攻老年医学。 see also medicine ⇨ drug 2 ■ therapy /ˈθerəpi/ / [uncountable, countable] the treatment of an illness or physical problem, especially using a particular method 治疗；（某种）疗法◆Most patients undergo some sort of drug therapy for leukaemia.多数白血病患者都会接受某种药物治疗。◆She has trained in alternative therapies (= therapies that do not use conventional drugs).她接受了替代疗法的培训。ⓘ Therapy is often used in compounds, meaning a particular kind of therapy: physiotherapy, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, occupational therapy, speech therapy, psychotherapy. Therapy can also be another word for psychotherapy, which is the treatment of mental illness by discussing sb's problems, rather than by giving them drugs. * therapy常用于构成复合词，指某种疗法，如physiotherapy（物理治疗），chemotherapy（化疗），radiotherapy（放射疗法），occupational therapy（职业疗法），speech therapy（言语治疗），psychotherapy（心理治疗）。therapy还可表示psychotherapy之义，指不使用药物，而是通过讨论某人的问题来治疗心理疾病的疗法。■ operation [countable] the process of cutting open a part of a person's body in order to remove or repair a damaged part 手术◆Will I need to have an operation?我需要动手术吗？◆an operation on her lung to remove a tumour切除她肺部肿瘤的手术◆He underwent a three-hour heart operation.他接受了三个小时的心脏手术。▸ operate verb [intransitive] ◆The doctors operated last night.医生们昨夜做手术了。◆We will have to operate on his eyes.我们得给他的眼睛动手术。NOTE 辨析 Surgery or operation? Surgery is uncountable; operation is countable. * surgery是不可数名词，operation是可数名词◆The doctor recommended surgery.医生建议做手术。◆She's had three operations in the past two years.她在过去两年做过三次手术。 ■ healing [uncountable] the process of becoming or making sb/sth healthy again, usually through natural methods （通常通过自然手段）康复，治疗◆Homeopathy aims to reinforce the body's natural healing powers.顺势疗法的目的是增强身体的自愈能力。◆Rest is an important part of the healing process.休息在康复过程中是很重要的。ⓘ Faith healing is a method of treating a sick person through the power of belief and prayer. * faith healing指通过信念和祈祷治疗病人的信仰疗法。 see also heal ⇨ cure ■ ˈmedical care [uncountable] the practice of caring for sb when they are ill or injured 医疗护理◆Many people didn't receive proper medical care after the explosion.爆炸发生后，很多人没有得到适当的医疗护理。■ cure [countable] the act of curing sb of an illness; the process of being cured 治疗；疗程◆Doctors cannot effect a cure if the illness has spread too far.假如疾病已严重扩散，医生也无法妙手回春。◆The cure took six weeks.此疗程花了六个星期。 see also cure ⇨ cure verb , cure ⇨ drug noun 2 ■ nursing [uncountable] the job or skill of caring for people who are ill or injured 护理；看护◆He is planning to follow a career in nursing.他计划从事护理工作。 see also nurse ⇨ doctor |