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artificial adj.
⇨ artificial 1 (artificial light) ⇨ artificial 2 (an artificial situation)artificial1 adjective artificial light 人造光an artificial situation 人为不自然的场面artificial ♦︎ synthetic ♦︎ false ♦︎ man-made ♦︎ fake ♦︎ imitationThese words all describe things that are not real, or not naturally produced or grown. 这些词均表示假的、非天然的、人工的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆artificial / synthetic / man-made fabrics / fibres / materials / products◆artificial / synthetic / fake / imitation fur / leather◆artificial / synthetic / false / fake / imitation diamonds / pearls■ artificial made or produced to copy sth natural; not real 人工的；人造的；假的◆The patient was kept alive by the artificial heart for nearly two months.人造心脏让那个病人存活了近两个月。◆All food served in the restaurant is completely free from any artificial colours and flavours.这家饭店提供的所有食物绝对没有人工色素和人工香料。◆I don't like having to do detailed work in artificial light.我不喜欢在人造光下做细致的工作。 OPP natural ⓘ Natural things exist in nature and are not made or caused by human beings. * natural指自然界存在的，非人造的◆the natural world (= of trees, rivers, animals and birds) 自然界◆a country's natural resources (= its coal, oil, forests, etc.) 一个国家的自然资源◆My hair soon grew back to its natural colour (= after being dyed).我的头发很快变回染发之前的颜色。 ▸ artificially adverb ◆artificially created lakes人工湖■ synthetic made by combining chemical substances rather than being produced naturally by plants or animals 人工合成的◆synthetic drugs / dyes合成药物／染料◆shoes with synthetic soles鞋底是合成材料的鞋子 OPP natural ▸ synthetically adverb ◆synthetically produced drugs合成药物■ false not natural; artificial 非天生的；人造的；假的◆false teeth / eyelashes假牙；假睫毛◆a false beard and moustache假胡须 see also false ⇨ so-called ■ ˌman-ˈmade made by people; not natural 人造的；非天然的◆man-made fibres such as nylon and polyester尼龙和涤纶之类的人造纤维◆Europe's largest man-made lake欧洲最大的人工湖 OPP natural ■ fake made to look like sth else; not real 伪造的；冒充的；假的◆a fake fur jacket人造毛皮夹克◆We sprayed fake snow over the trees to make it look like winter.我们在树上喷人造雪，营造出冬天的情境。 OPP genuine ⇨ real see also fake ⇨ so-called adj. , fake ⇨ fake noun ■ imitation [only before noun] made to look like sth else; not real 伪造的；仿制的；假的◆She would never wear imitation pearls.她绝不会戴假珍珠。◆He threatened them with an imitation gun.他用仿真枪威吓他们。 OPP genuine ⇨ real see also imitation ⇨ fake noun artificial2 adjective artificial light 人造光an artificial situation 人为不自然的场面artificial ♦︎ forced ♦︎ laboured ♦︎ contrived ♦︎ strainedThese words all describe an action, emotion or situation which is not natural or not what it appears to be. 这些词均表示行为、情感或场景是人为的、虚假的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a forced / strained smile◆an artificial / a contrived situation / example◆to sound forced / laboured / contrived / strained◆rather artificial / forced / laboured◆somewhat artificial / laboured / strained■ artificial created by people; not happening naturally 人为的；不自然的◆A job interview is a very artificial situation.求职面试是个非常不自然的场面。■ forced (disapproving) not sincere; not the result of genuine emotions but produced by a deliberate effort 不真诚的；勉强的◆'Good,' he said with forced cheerfulness.“好吧。”他装出高兴的样子说。OPP genuine ⇨ deep 1 ■ laboured (BrE) (NAmE labored) (disapproving) (of speech, writing, etc.) not natural and seeming to take a lot of effort （说话、写作等）不自然的，矫揉造作的，费力的◆She knew better than to interrupt one of her father's rather laboured jokes.她知道最好别去打断父亲那些颇为做作的玩笑。■ contrived / /kənˈtraɪvd/ / (disapproving) planned in advance and not natural or genuine; written or arranged in a way that is not natural or realistic 预谋的；不自然的；做作的◆The letter was full of contrived excuses.信里编造了很多借口。◆The book's ending seemed contrived.这本书的结尾显得牵强。■ strained (often disapproving) not the result of genuine emotions; produced by a deliberate effort 非真心的；做作的；勉强的◆She gave a strained laugh.她勉强笑了一下。ⓘ Strained is not always as disapproving as forced: sometimes it can show or invite sympathy for a person under stress. 与forced不同，strained并不总是带有贬义，有时可以用来对处于压力之下的人表示同情或为之争取同情◆I put on my strained smile for the next patiently waiting customer.我对下一位耐心等候的顾客勉强地笑了笑。 |