| 例句 |
assault noun
⇨ attack 1 (an assault by troops) ⇨ attack 2 (sexual assault) ⇨ criticism (a verbal assault)assault verb
⇨ attack 1 (physically assaulted) ⇨ rape (sexually assaulted)attack1 noun a bomb attack 炸弹袭击a vicious knife attack 凶残的持刀袭击事件an attack of flu/nerves 流感爆发；突然紧张不安attack ♦︎ strike ♦︎ invasion ♦︎ raid ♦︎ assault ♦︎ offensive ♦︎ aggression ♦︎ incursionThese are all words for military acts against an enemy. 这些词均表示军事进攻、袭击。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an attack / a strike / a raid / an assault / an offensive / aggression against sb / sth◆an attack / a strike / an assault / an offensive / an incursion on sb / sth◆in an attack / a strike / an invasion / a raid / an assault / an offensive / an incursion◆(a) military attack / strike / invasion / raid / assault / offensive / aggression / incursion◆a full-scale attack / invasion / assault / offensive◆a successful attack / strike / invasion / raid / assault / offensive◆an all-out attack / assault / offensive◆an air attack / strike / raid / assault / offensive◆to plan / launch an attack / a strike / an invasion / a raid / an assault / an offensive◆to mount an attack / an assault / an offensive◆to make an attack / a raid / an assault / an incursion◆to resist (an) attack / an invasion / an assault / (an) aggression■ attack [countable, uncountable](in a war) an aggressive attempt to hurt or defeat the enemy using weapons and violence （战争中的）进攻，攻击◆He ordered his men to mount an attack on the city.他命令士兵对这座城市发动进攻。◆The patrol came under attack from all sides.巡逻队受到四面八方的攻击。■ strike [countable] a rapid, powerful military attack, especially by aircraft （尤指空中迅猛的）军事袭击◆The effects of the air strikes had been devastating.这次空袭造成的影响是毁灭性的。◆They launched a pre-emptive strike (= before the enemy could attack).他们先发制人，发起了进攻。■ invasion / /ɪnˈveɪʒn/ / [countable, uncountable] the act of an army entering another country by force in order to take control of it 武装入侵；侵略；侵犯◆She left France after the German invasion in 1940.1940年德国武装入侵之后，她离开了法国。◆The invasion force comprised 3 000-5 000 heavily armed troops.侵略军由3 000到5 000名全副武装的士兵组成。 see also invade ⇨ invade ■ raid [countable] a short surprise attack on the enemy by soldiers, ships or aircraft （陆、海、空的）突然袭击◆Hundreds of civilians were killed in the air raids.数百名平民在空袭中丧生。■ assault / /əˈsɔːlt/ / [countable] an attack on a place in order to take control of it 突击，袭击（以占领）◆An assault on the capital was launched in the early hours of the morning.凌晨时分对首都发起了攻击。■ offensive [countable] a planned series of military attacks which sometimes take place over a long period of time （有计划的）系列军事行动；（持续的）攻势◆The final offensive was launched in the spring.春季发动了最后一次进攻。■ aggression [uncountable] a violent attack or threats by one country against another 侵略；侵犯；挑衅◆Each country agreed to halt all acts of aggression against the other's territory.各国同意停止一切对他国领土的侵略行动。■ incursion /ɪnˈkɜːʃn; NAmE ɪnˈkɜːrʒn/ [countable] (formal) a sudden, temporary entry into a place controlled by the enemy, especially across a border （尤指跨越边界的）突然入侵，突然侵犯◆Border patrols were increased to deter further incursions by foreign forces.增加了边关巡逻以阻止外国军队的进一步入侵行动。 attack2 noun a bomb attack 炸弹袭击a vicious knife attack 凶残的持刀袭击事件an attack of flu/nerves 流感爆发；突然紧张不安attack ♦︎ rape ♦︎ assault ♦︎ attemptThese are all words for an act of using violence to try to hurt or kill sb. 这些词均表示对某人的袭击、攻击。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an attack / a rape / an assault by sb◆an attack / assault on / against sb◆a / an violent / brutal / savage / vicious / alleged attack / rape / assault◆a / an serious / unprovoked / racial / sexual / physical attack / assault◆an attempted rape / assault◆to carry out an attack / assault■ attack [countable] an act of using violence to try to hurt or kill sb 袭击；攻击◆Police have reported a series of racist attacks.警方通报了一连串种族主义袭击事件。◆A child is recovering in hospital after a serious attack by a stray dog.遭流浪狗猛烈攻击的孩子正在医院中逐渐康复。■ rape [uncountable, countable] the crime of forcing sb to have sex with you, especially using violence 强暴；强奸罪◆He was charged with rape.他被控犯了强奸罪。◆There has been an increase in the number of reported rapes.强奸案报案数字上升了。 see also rape ⇨ rape verb ■ assault / /əˈsɔːlt/ / [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) the crime of attacking sb physically 侵犯人身罪◆Both men were charged with assault.两名男子都被控犯了侵犯人身罪。◆A significant number of indecent assaults on women go unreported.很多宗猥亵妇女罪都没有举报。 see also assault ⇨ rape verb ■ attempt [countable] an act of trying to kill sb 杀人企图◆Someone has made an attempt on the President's life.有人企图刺杀总统。 criticism noun criticism ♦︎ attack ♦︎ disapproval ♦︎ condemnation ♦︎ denunciation ♦︎ censure ♦︎ assault ♦︎ rap ♦︎ quibble ♦︎ flakThese are all words for the act of expressing a negative opinion about sb/sth. 这些词均表示批评、批判、指责。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆criticism / disapproval / condemnation / a denunciation / censure of sb / sth◆an attack / assault on sb / sth◆criticism / an attack / condemnation / flak from sb / sth◆(a) strong criticism / attack / disapproval / condemnation◆a fierce / severe criticism / attack / denunciation / censure◆(a) public criticism / attack / disapproval / condemnation / denunciation / censure◆to launch a criticism / an attack / an assault◆to make a criticism / an attack / a denunciation / an assault◆to express criticism / disapproval / condemnation◆to bring / draw criticism / condemnation from sb / sth◆to come under criticism / attack / censure / assault◆to take criticism / flak■ criticism [uncountable, countable] the act of expressing a negative opinion about sb/sth because you think they have faults 批评；批判；指责◆The plan has attracted criticism from consumer groups.这项计划已经引起消费者组织的指责。◆People in public life must always be open to criticism (= willing to accept being criticized).公众人物必须随时准备接受批评。◆Ben is very sensitive, he just can't take criticism.本很敏感，受不了一丁点批评。◆I didn't mean it as a criticism.我没有要责备的意思。◆My only criticism of the house is that it is on a busy main road.我对这座房子唯一的不满是它处在一条繁忙的大马路旁。 see also criticize ⇨ blame ■ attack [countable, uncountable] (especially journalism 尤用于新闻) strong, aggressive criticism of sb/sth in speech or writing （口头或书面的）抨击，非难◆She launched a scathing attack on the government's policies.她对政府的政策进行了猛烈抨击。◆The school has come under attack for failing to encourage bright students.这所学校因未能鼓励聪明的学生而受到非难。 see also attack ⇨ blame verb ■ disapproval [uncountable] a feeling that you do not like an idea, an action or sb's behaviour because you think it is bad, not suitable or going to have a bad effect on sb else 不赞成；反对◆He shook his head in disapproval.他摇了摇头，表示反对。◆She looked at my clothes with disapproval.她不满意地看着我的衣服。OPP approval ⇨ praise noun see also disapprove ⇨ disapprove ■ condemnation / /ˌkɒndemˈneɪʃn; NAmE ˌkɑːndemˈneɪʃn/ [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) strong criticism of sb/sth, especially for moral reasons （尤指出于道德原因的）谴责，指责◆There was widespread condemnation of the invasion.那次侵略遭到了广泛的谴责。◆The report will be seen by many as a strong condemnation of the prison system.那份报告被许多人视为对监狱系统的强烈谴责。 see also condemn ⇨ blame ■ denunciation /dɪˌnʌnsiˈeɪʃn/ / [countable, uncountable] (formal) an act of criticizing sb/sth strongly in public 公开谴责；斥责；指责◆The bishop made an angry denunciation of the government's policies.主教愤怒地谴责了政府的政策。◆All parties joined in bitter denunciation of the terrorists.所有党派同仇敌忾，斥责恐怖分子。 see also denounce ⇨ blame ■ censure / /ˈsenʃə(r)/ / [uncountable] (formal) strong criticism, especially from a court, parliament or other official body （尤指法院、议会或其他官方机构）严厉的批评，斥责，谴责◆Her dishonest behaviour came under severe censure.她的不诚实行为受到了严厉批评。 see also censure ⇨ blame verb ■ assault / /əˈsɔːlt/ / [countable] strong, aggressive criticism of sb/sth in speech or in writing, especially in order to cause damage （口头或书面的）抨击，非难（尤指以破坏为目的）◆The paper's assault on the president was totally unjustified.这份报纸对总统的攻击纯属无稽之谈。NOTE 辨析 Attack or assault? Attack is used more frequently than assault as a way of describing a criticism of sb/sth. Assault can be more severe and suggests a serious, deliberate attempt to hurt sb's reputation or damage a policy. 表示批评、指责时，attack比assault常用。assault可能会更加严厉，暗指有意想要重挫某人声望或破坏某项政策。■ rap [countable] (NAmE, informal) an unfair judgement on sb/sth 不公正的判决；苛评◆He denounced the criticisms as 'just one bum rap after another'.他谴责这样的批评“不过是一次又一次地横加指斥”。◆Wolves get a bad rap, says a woman who owns three.“狼被不公正地冠上黑名。”一个养着三只狼的女人说。■ quibble / /ˈkwɪbl/ / [countable] a small complaint or criticism, especially one that is not important （尤指无足轻重的）抱怨，牢骚，不满◆The only quibble about this book is the lack of colour illustrations.对这本书唯一的不满是缺少彩色插图。■ flak [uncountable] (informal) severe criticism intended to damage or destroy sb/sth that comes from several different sources （来自各方，意在伤害或破坏的）严厉批评，抨击◆He's taken a lot of flak for his left-wing views.他的左倾观点受到了诸多谴责。◆She came in for a lot of flak from the press.她遭到报刊的猛烈抨击。 attack1 verb attack sb with a knife 持刀袭击某人attack a city 进攻一座城市attack ♦︎ assault ♦︎ beat sb up ♦︎ mug ♦︎ strikeThese words all mean to use violence to try to hurt, kill or rob sb. 这些词均表示袭击、攻击。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to attack / assault / beat up sb with sth◆to get beaten up / mugged◆to violently attack sb / assault sb / beat sb up■ attack [transitive, intransitive] to use violence to try to hurt or kill sb 袭击；攻击◆The man attacked him with a knife.那个男子持刀袭击了他。◆Most dogs will not attack unless provoked.大多数的狗受到挑衅才会攻击。■ assault / /əˈsɔːlt/ / [transitive] (rather formal) to attack sb violently, especially when this is considered as a crime 猛烈攻击，袭击，侵犯（尤指构成犯罪）◆He has been charged with assaulting a police officer.他被控袭警。◆He admitted indecently assaulting the child.他承认猥亵了那个小孩。■ ˌbeat sb ˈup phrasal verb (beat, beaten)to hit or kick sb hard, many times 痛殴；毒打◆He was badly beaten up by a gang of thugs.他被一帮暴徒打得遍体鳞伤。■ mug (-gg-) [transitive, often passive] to attack sb violently in order to steal their money, especially in a public place （公然）行凶抢劫，打劫◆She was mugged in the street in broad daylight.光天化日之下，她在街上遭到抢劫。▸ mugging noun [uncountable, countable] ◆Mugging is on the increase in the area, especially after dark.这个地区尤其在天黑之后抢劫犯罪呈上升趋势。◆Murders, kidnaps and muggings are reported daily in the newspapers.报纸上每天都有谋杀、绑架和抢劫的报道。■ strike (struck, struck; NAmE also struck, stricken) [intransitive] to attack sb/sth, especially suddenly 突袭；攻击◆Police fear that the killer may strike again.警方担心杀人犯可能再次下手。◆The lion crouched ready to strike.狮子俯下身准备攻击。 rape verb rape ♦︎ abuse ♦︎ assault ♦︎ molestThese words all mean to attack sb sexually. 这些词均表示性侵犯。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达性侵犯的严重程度PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to brutally rape / abuse / assault sb◆to sexually abuse / assault / molest sb■ rape [transitive] to force sb to have sex with you when they do not want to by threatening them or using violence 强奸；强暴◆She had been raped in her own home at the age of fifteen.她十五岁时在自己家里被强奸了。 see also rape ⇨ attack noun 2 ■ abuse [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) to treat sb in a cruel or violent way, especially sexually 虐待；性虐待；性侵犯◆He had abused his own daughter.他曾性侵犯自己的亲生女儿。ⓘ Abuse is used especially when the attacks or cruel treatment are repeated over a period of time and when the abuser is a person in a position of trust or authority, such as a parent, teacher or priest. * abuse尤指一段时期内多次虐待或性侵犯，且施虐者是被信赖或有权威的人，如父母、老师或神父等。 see also abuse ⇨ exploit verb ▸ abuse noun [uncountable] ◆child / sexual abuse虐童；性虐待■ assault / /əˈsɔːlt/ / [transitive, often passive] (rather formal) to attack sb sexually in a violent way 性侵犯；施暴◆Four women have been sexually assaulted in the area recently.最近有四名妇女在该地区遭到性侵犯。ⓘ Assault is a less serious crime than rape and need not involve full sexual intercourse. * assault不如rape（强奸）严重，不一定涉及性交的全过程。 see also assault ⇨ attack noun 2 ■ molest / /məˈlest/ / [transitive] to touch a child or woman sexually when they do not want you to; to attack sb sexually （对儿童或妇女）性骚扰；猥亵◆He faces charges of sexually molesting their adopted daughter.他面临对他们养女性骚扰的指控。ⓘ Any form of unwanted sexual touching can be called molesting sb. * molest可指任何形式的非自愿的性接触。 |