| 例句 |
modern adj.
⇨ modern (a modern computer system) ⇨ experimental (modern ideas) ⇨ recent (modern times/art) modern adjective ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ experimental 另见experimental条modern ♦︎ advanced ♦︎ up to date ♦︎ state of the artThese words all describe sth that uses the most recent technology or methods. 这些词均表示采用最新科技的、现代化的、最先进的。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达先进的程度| modern | ➔ | up to date | ➔ | state of the art | | advanced | | | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆modern / advanced / up-to-date / state-of-the-art design / technology / techniques◆very modern / advanced / up to date◆fairly / quite / relatively modern / advanced / up to date■ modern (usually approving) using the most recent technology, methods, designs or materials 现代化的；先进的；最新的◆The company needs to invest in a modern computer system.公司需要投资建立最新的计算机系统。◆It is the most modern, well-equipped hospital in the country.这是国内最先进、设备最精良的医院。◆Modern methods of farming are destroying the countryside.现代化的耕作方式正在破坏乡郊。 OPP old-fashioned ⇨ old-fashioned ■ advanced using the most recent technology, methods or designs 先进的；现代化的；最新的◆Even in advanced industrial societies, poverty persists.即使在先进的工业社会，贫穷依然存在。◆It is a technologically advanced society.这是一个技术先进的社会。OPP primitive ⓘ Primitive describes people and things belonging to a very simple society with no industry. * primitive表示原始的、远古的◆primitive societies / tribes / beliefs原始社会／部落／信仰 NOTE 辨析 Modern or advanced?In many cases you can use either word. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用◆modern / advanced technology / techniques / designs先进的技术／技艺／设计◆a modern / an advanced society / economy / civilization / nation现代化的社会／经济体／文明／国家 Advanced is used especially in the contexts of technology and economics: an advanced society is one with a complicated economic structure and that relies heavily on technology. The term modern society is used to discuss the way we live now in a more general way, including social relations and culture. Modern can also be used to describe art, fashion and ideas. * advanced尤用于科技和经济学语境。advanced society指拥有复杂的经济结构且在很大程度上依赖于科技的社会。modern society这一术语用以更宽泛地讨论我们现在的生活方式，包括社会关系和文化。modern亦可形容艺术、时尚和观念。 see also modern ⇨ experimental , modern ⇨ recent ■ ˌup to ˈdate (of equipment, technology or methods) the most advanced （设备、技术或方法）最先进的，最新的◆We need to spend at least half a million on getting the most up-to-date equipment.我们至少得花50万购买最新设备。◆This technology is bang up to date (= completely modern).这项技术是最先进的。 OPP out of date ⇨ old-fashioned ■ ˌstate of the ˈart (approving) (of equipment, technology or methods) absolutely the most advanced; as good as it can be at the present time （设备、技术或方法）最先进的；现阶段最好的◆He spent thousands on a state-of-the-art sound system.他花费数千元购置了一套目前最先进的音响系统。 experimental adjective ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ modern 另见modern条experimental ♦︎ modern ♦︎ modernist ♦︎ futuristic ♦︎ avant-garde ♦︎ postmodernistThese words all describe sth that is based on new and unusual ideas, forms or methods that are intended to be different from traditional ones and that may be surprising or shocking. 这些词均表示实验性的、前卫的、另类的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an experimental / a modern / a modernist approach◆experimental / modern / modernist / avant-garde / postmodernist art / writing / works◆experimental / modern / modernist / postmodernist fiction / novels◆experimental / modern / avant-garde music / theatre◆a modern / a modernist / a futuristic / an avant-garde style◆a modern / modernist / futuristic building■ experimental based on new ideas, forms or methods that are used to find out what effect they have 实验性的；试验性的◆The equipment is still at the experimental stage.这种设备仍处于试验阶段。◆Doctors stress that this kind of treatment is still experimental.医生强调说这仍是一种试验性的治疗方法。▸ experimentally adverb ◆The new drug is being used experimentally on some patients.这种新药正由一些病人试用。■ modern (of ways of behaving or thinking) new and intended to be different from traditional ways, and therefore not always accepted by most members of society （行为或思维方式）新式的，超前的（社会大众不一定接受）◆She has very modern ideas about educating her children.在教育孩子方面，她的观点很超前。 OPP old-fashioned ⇨ old-fashioned , traditional ⇨ traditional see also modern ⇨ modern ■ modernist [only before noun] following the ideas of modernism 现代主义的；现代风格的ⓘ Modernism was a style and movement in art, architecture and literature popular in the middle of the 20th century in which modern ideas, methods and materials were used rather than traditional ones. * modernism意为现代主义，指盛行于20世纪中期，采用现代理念、手段和材料的艺术、建筑和文学风格◆The museum devotes a large gallery to modernist art.博物馆里专设一个大画廊展出现代艺术。 ■ futuristic / /ˌfjuːtʃəˈrɪstɪk/ / (of architecture or design) extremely modern and unusual in appearance, as if belonging to a future time （建筑或设计）未来主义的，超前的◆The cover of the novel shows a futuristic city on the moon.小说的封面是月球上的一个未来城市。■ avant-garde /ˌævɒ̃ ˈgɑːd; NAmE ˌævɑ̃ː ˈgɑːrd/ (of art, music or literature) based on very new and unusual ideas, and therefore sometimes surprising or shocking （艺术、音乐或文学）前卫派的，大胆另类的◆The theatre shows a lot of avant-garde work.这座剧院上演了许多前卫派作品。■ postmodernist /ˌpəʊstˈmɒdənɪst; NAmE ˌpoʊstˈmɑːdərnɪst/ [only before noun] following the ideas of postmodernism 后现代主义的ⓘ Postmodernism is a style and movement in art, architecture and literature in the late 20th century that reacts against modern styles, for example by mixing features from traditional and modern styles. * postmodernism意为后现代主义，指20世纪后期在艺术、建筑、文学等方面对抗现代风格，如融合传统与现代的一种风格流派◆an analysis of postmodernist cultural forms对后现代主义文化形式的分析 recent adjective recent ♦︎ current ♦︎ latest ♦︎ present ♦︎ modern ♦︎ new ♦︎ contemporary ♦︎ present-day ♦︎ modern-dayThese words all describe sth that belongs to the present time because it is happening now or happened only a short time ago. 这些词均表示当前的、近来的、现今的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆recent / modern times / the present time◆recent / current / present / contemporary / present-day events◆the current / latest / present / contemporary / present-day situation◆recent / current / the latest / present / modern / contemporary trends◆the recent / current / latest / present / modern / new / contemporary / modern-day version◆recent / current / the latest / modern / new / contemporary / present-day forms / theories◆the current / modern / contemporary scene◆current / modern / new / contemporary politics◆modern / a new / contemporary / present-day / modern-day society◆modern / contemporary / present-day life◆the modern / a new / the contemporary world◆(a) recent / modern / new / contemporary / present-day literature / writer◆(a) modern / new / contemporary / present-day art / artist / music■ recent [usually before noun] that happened or began only a short time ago 近来的；新近的◆The next chapter summarizes recent developments in the field.下一章概述该领域最近的发展状况。◆The Prime Minister discussed the issue during his most recent visit to Poland.总理在最近访问波兰时讨论了这个问题。◆There have been many changes in recent years.近几年发生了许多变化。 OPP long-standing ⇨ old 1 ▸ recently adverb ◆We received a letter from him recently.我们不久前收到了他的一封信。◆I haven't seen them recently (= It is some time since I saw them).我近来没见过他们。■ current [only before noun] happening or existing now 现时发生的；当前的；现在的◆The necklace would be worth over $5 000 at current prices.那条项链按现价应超过5 000元。◆Ask your current employer to give you a reference.请你现在的雇主为你写封推荐信。◆Our current financial situation is not good.我们目前的财务状况并不好。OPP former , then , ex- ⇨ former , previous ⇨ previous ▸ currently adverb ◆This matter is currently being discussed by the Board.董事会现在正在讨论这个问题。OPP previously ⇨ previous ■ latest [only before noun] the most recent or newest 最近的；最新的◆She always wears the latest fashions.她总是穿着最新款的时装。◆Her latest novel has been shortlisted for a literary prize.她最近出版的小说已入围一个文学奖的候选名单。◆Have you heard the latest news?你收到最新消息了吗？▸ the latest noun [singular] (rather informal) ◆This is the latest in robot technology.这是最新的机器人技术。◆Have you heard the latest?你收到最新消息了吗？■ present [usually before noun] current 现时发生的；当前的；现在的◆The present owner of the house is a Mr T. Grant.现在的房主是一个叫T.格兰特的先生。◆This is a list of all club members, past and present.这是过去和现在的所有俱乐部会员名单。◆We do not have any more information at the present time.目前我们没有任何进一步的消息。OPP past ⇨ previous ▸ at present phrase ◆ (rather formal) The council has no plans at present to develop this site.地方议会目前并无计划开发此地。▸ presently adverb ◆ (especially NAmE) The crime is presently being investigated by the police.警方目前正在调查此案。NOTE 辨析 Current or present?In many cases you can use either word. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用◆the current / present situation / state / position / climate / trend / practice / arrangement / value / level / generation / crisis当前的情况／状态／位置／气候／趋势／做法／安排／价值／水平；当今的一代；当前的危机 Current is used especially in financial contexts and in the phrase current affairs. * current尤用于财务语境以及短语current affairs（时事）中◆current spending / expenditure目前的消费／支出◆the current surplus / deficit / yield当前的盈余／赤字／收益 Present is used more often with lengths of time, except in financial contexts. * present更常与表示一段时间的词连用，但在财务语境下用current而不用present◆the present day / century / moment / time当今；本世纪；当下；此刻◆What's the budget for the current year?本年度的预算是多少？ ■ modern [only before noun] of the present time or recent times; (of styles in art, music, fashion, etc.) new and intended to be different from traditional styles 现代的；近代的；（艺术、音乐、时装等的风格）新式的，有别于传统的◆Modern European history欧洲近代史◆Stress is a major problem of modern life.压力是现代生活中的主要问题。◆Shakespeare's language can be a problem for modern readers.莎士比亚的语言对现代读者来说可能不易理解。◆The gallery has regular exhibitions of modern art.该美术馆定期举办现代艺术展。 OPP ancient ⇨ old 1 see also modern ⇨ modern ■ new (often with the 常与the连用) modern; of the latest type 现代的；最新型的◆He couldn't stand the new breed of career politicians.他不能忍受新式职业政客。◆Comedy is the new rock and roll.如今喜剧就像过去的摇滚乐那样大行其道。◆They called themselves the New Romantics.他们自称新浪漫主义者。■ contemporary /kənˈtemprəri; NAmE kənˈtempəreri/ (rather formal) (of life, society or culture) modern （生活、社会或文化）当代的，现代的◆The film paints a depressing picture of life in contemporary Britain.这部影片描绘了当代英国压抑的生活图景。◆She is one of the great innovators of contemporary dance.她是当代舞蹈的伟大创新者之一。NOTE 辨析 Modern or contemporary?In many cases you can use either word, especially when talking about art, culture or society. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用，尤其是谈论艺术、文化或社会时◆modern / contemporary art / architecture / dance / fiction / literature / music / painting / culture / society / politics / history现代艺术／建筑／舞蹈／小说／文学／音乐／绘画／文化／社会／政治／历史◆the modern / contemporary world / scene现代世界／场景 Modern, but not contemporary, is also used to talk about science and technology. * modern亦可用于修饰科学和技术，但contemporary不能这样用◆modern technology / physics / medicine / warfare / equipment / machinery / techniques现代技术／物理学／医学／战争／设备／机械／工艺 see also modern ⇨ modern ■ ˌpresent-ˈday [only before noun] (especially written) of the present time 当今的；现时的；当代的◆His theories have no relevance to present-day society.他的理论与当今社会无关。◆Serbia at that time already included present-day Macedonia.当时的塞尔维亚已经包括现今的马其顿。ⓘ Present-day is used especially to refer to sth in the form that it has now, when this is different from the form it had in the past. * present-day尤用来表示事物现在的形式，以示与过去的形式有所不同◆present-day society / English / Russia当代社会／英语／俄罗斯 ▸ the ˌpresent ˈday noun [singular] ◆a study of European drama, from Ibsen to the present day从易卜生到现代欧洲戏剧的研究■ ˈmodern-day [only before noun] of the present time 当今的；现时的；当代的◆modern-day America当代美国ⓘ Modern-day is often used to describe a modern form of sb/sth, usually sb/sth bad or unpleasant, that existed in the past. * modern-day常用于描述过去存在的人或事物的现代形态，通常是不好的或消极的◆It has been called modern-day slavery.人们称之为现代奴隶制。 |