cause verb ⇨causecause noun ⇨charity (a good cause)⇨reason (no cause for alarm)⇨source (the cause of poverty)
cause
verb
➡ See also the entries for ⇨ encourage3, ⇨ prompt and ⇨ stimulate另见encourage条第3义、prompt条和stimulate条cause ♦︎ result in sth ♦︎ lead (sth) to sth ♦︎ produce ♦︎ bring sth about ♦︎ give rise to sth ♦︎ create ♦︎ make ♦︎ induceThese words all mean to make sth happen.这些词均表示使发生、导致。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to cause / result in / lead to / produce / bring about / give rise to a / an change / shift / increase◆to cause / result in / lead to / produce / bring about a reduction in sth◆to cause / result in / lead to / produce / give rise to / create problems / difficulties◆to cause / result in / lead to / produce damage / friction◆to cause / result in / lead to / bring about the collapse / destruction / demise of sth◆to cause / lead to / produce / give rise to / create speculation / uncertainty◆to cause / lead to / give rise to / create discontent / dissatisfaction / resentment◆to result in / lead to / produce improvements / success◆to inevitably cause / result in / lead to / produce / bring about / give rise to / create sth■cause [transitive] to make sth happen, especially sth bad or unpleasant使（坏事）发生；造成；导致◆Do they know what caused the fire?他们知道火灾的起因吗？◆Are you causing trouble again?你又要惹麻烦吗？◆Doctors say her condition is causing some concern.医生说她的健康状况开始令人担忧。◆The project is still causing him a lot of problems.这个项目仍然给他带来许多麻烦。◆The poor harvest caused prices to rise sharply.收成不好导致物价急剧上涨。 see also cause ⇨ sourcenoun■reˈsult in sth
phrasal verb
to cause a particular situation, especially the loss or increase of sth; to have sth as a result造成，导致（某事物的损失或增加）；是⋯的成因◆Closure of the plant could result in the loss of thousands of jobs .工厂关闭可能导致数千份工作流失。◆In 1965 their work resulted in a Nobel Prize.1965年，他们的工作成果获得了诺贝尔奖。◆These policies resulted in many elderly and disabled people suffering hardship.这些政策使许多老人和残疾人饱受困苦。 see also result ⇨ resultnoun, resulting,resultant ⇨ related■lead to sth■lead sth to sth
phrasal verb
(led, led)to be the reason why sth happens; to have sth as a result导致；是⋯的成因◆The scandal ultimately led to his resignation.该丑闻最终导致他辞职了。◆A reward was offered for information leading to an arrest.提供线索使嫌犯被捕的人可获得赏金。◆These policies could lead the country to environmental catastrophe.这些政策可能会使国家陷入环境的灾难。ⓘ Lead to sth is often used as part of a process of explaining or understanding sth. * lead to sth常在解释或理解某事的过程中使用。■produce [transitive] to cause a particular result or reaction引起；导致；使产生◆A phone call to the manager produced the result she wanted.给经理打了一个电话就让她如愿以偿。◆The prime minister's speech produced an angry response from opposition parties.首相的讲话激起了反对党派的愤怒反应。◆The drug produces a feeling of great happiness and excitement.那种毒品会使人产生狂喜和兴奋的感觉。■ˌbring sth aˈbout
phrasal verb
(brought, brought)to make sth happen, especially to cause sth to change over a period of time or in a number of stages造成，引起，导致（尤指渐进的或阶段性的变化）◆What brought about the change in his attitude?是什么使他改变了态度？◆It was this scandal that finally brought about her downfall.正是这桩丑闻最终导致她垮台。■give ˈrise to sth
idiom
(gave, given) (formal) to make or allow sth to happen or come into existence使发生；使形成◆The novel's success gave rise to a number of sequels.这部小说的成功带来了一系列的续篇。◆The ocean gave rise to the first life on Earth.海洋孕育了地球上最早的生命。■create [transitive] to produce a particular feeling or impression造成，引起，产生（感觉或印象）◆The company is trying to create a young energetic image.该公司正试图塑造一个充满活力的年轻形象。◆The announcement only succeeded in creating confusion.那个通告反而引起了混乱。■make [transitive] (made, made)to cause sth to appear as a result of breaking, tearing, hitting or removing material造成（破坏、破损等）◆The rock made a dent in the roof of the car.石头把车顶砸了个坑。◆The holes in the cloth were made by moths.布上的窟窿是虫蛀的。■induce /ɪnˈdjuːs; NAmEɪnˈduːs/ [transitive] (formal) to cause sth or make sth more likely to happen引起；导致；促进◆A glass of warm milk at bedtime may help to induce sleep.睡前喝一杯热牛奶有助于促进睡眠。◆Doctors will begin bringing him out of a drug-induced coma on Sunday.医生会在周日开始让他脱离药物引起的昏迷状态。ⓘ Induce is often used to talk about the effects that sth such as medicine, disease or injury has on the body. * induce常指药物、疾病或受伤等引发对身体的影响◆Hearing loss is often induced by exposure to loud noise.遭受高噪音常会导致听力受损。
charity
noun
charity ♦︎ cause ♦︎ foundation ♦︎ trustThese are all words for an organization for helping people in need.这些词均表示慈善机构或组织。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a charity / foundation / trust for sth◆a local charity / cause / foundation / trust◆a deserving / worthwhile / worthy charity / cause◆a charitable foundation / trust◆a / an national / private / independent / family / educational / medical / conservation / housing charity / foundation / trust◆to help / support a charity / cause / foundation / trust◆to give / donate to a charity / cause / foundation◆to set up a charity / foundation / trust◆to establish / create a foundation / trust■charity [countable] an organization for helping people in need慈善机构（或组织）◆Many charities sent money to help the victims of the famine.许多慈善机构捐款赈济饥民。◆The concert will raise money for local charities.这场音乐会将为当地慈善机构募捐。▸charitable
adjective
◆a charitable institution / foundation / trust慈善机构／基金会／信托基金◆a charitable donation / gift慈善捐赠／赠品■cause [countable] an organization or idea that people support or fight for（支持或为之奋斗的）事业，目标，思想◆Animal welfare campaigners raised £70 000 for their cause last year.动物保护主义者去年为保护动物募集了7万英镑。◆Oh well, it's all for a good cause(= an organization that does good work, such as a charity).哦，好吧，这都是行善。◆He dedicated his life to fighting for the Republican cause.他致力于为共和党的事业而奋斗。■foundation / /faʊnˈdeɪʃn/ / [countable] an organization that is established to invest money and use the profits for a particular purpose, for example for scientific research or charity基金会◆The money will go to the San Francisco AIDS Foundation.这笔钱将交给旧金山艾滋病基金会。◆Many of the hospitals were originally established by religious foundations.这些医院最初多是由宗教基金会兴建的。➡ See also the entry for ⇨ organization另见organization条■trust [countable] (law法律) an organization or group of people that holds money or property that it has been given or lent, and uses the profits to help a charity受托基金机构；受托团体◆She's hoping a charitable trust will soon pay for her operation.她希望很快会有慈善基金机构为她支付手术费。NOTE辨析 Foundation or trust?A trust is defined in law: it is an organization in which two or more individuals (the trustees) hold money, land or other property for charitable purposes. A foundation is defined more by its purpose than by its legal structure: it may be a trust or a company of some kind. * trust有其法律上的定义，指的是两人或多人（受托人）出于慈善目的而持有资金、土地或其他财产的组织。foundation的定义更多取决于其目的，而非其法律架构。它可以是一家受托基金机构，或某种类型的公司。
reason
noun
➡ See also the entry for ⇨ argument2另见argument条第2义reason ♦︎ explanation ♦︎ grounds ♦︎ basis ♦︎ excuse ♦︎ motive ♦︎ need ♦︎ justification ♦︎ cause ♦︎ pretextThese are all words for why sth has happened or sb has done sth.这些词均表示原因、理由、理据。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a reason / an explanation / grounds / a basis / an excuse / a motive / a need / justification / cause / a pretext for sth◆the reason / motive behind sth◆on the grounds / basis / pretext of / that...◆the reason / grounds / basis / excuse / justification / pretext that...◆(an) obvious reason / explanation / grounds / excuse / motive / need / justification / cause / pretext◆(a) clear / legitimate reason / grounds / excuse / motive / need / justification / cause / pretext◆(a) logical / personal / no apparent reason / explanation / grounds / excuse / motive / need / justification / cause◆(a) good / valid reason / explanation / grounds / excuse / motive / justification / cause◆(a) convincing reason / explanation / grounds / excuse / motive / justification / pretext◆(a) reasonable explanation / grounds / excuse / motive / need / justification / cause / pretext◆the real reason / explanation / grounds / motive / justification / cause◆to have a reason / an explanation / grounds / an excuse / a motive / a justification / cause / a pretext◆to give / offer (sb) a reason / an explanation / an excuse / a justification / a pretext◆to suggest a reason / an explanation / grounds / a motive / a justification◆to see / understand / explain (the / sb's) reasons / grounds / motive / justification■reason [countable, uncountable] why sth has happened or sb has done sth; a fact that makes it right or fair to do sth（某事发生或做某事的）原因；正当理由；情理◆I'd like to know the reason why you're so late.我想知道你为什么迟到那么长时间。◆He said no but he didn't give a reason.他说不行，但没有说明原因。◆We aren't going for the simple reason that we can't afford it.我们不去，只是因为我们负担不起。◆For some reason(= one that I don't know or don't understand) we all have to come in early tomorrow.由于某种原因，我们大家明天都得一早就来。◆For reasons of security the door is always kept locked.为安全起见，门总是锁着的。◆They have reason to believe that he is lying.他们有理由认为他在撒谎。◆She complained, with reason(= rightly), that she had been underpaid.她抱怨给她的报酬太低，这是有道理的。 see also reason ⇨ concludeverb, reasoned ⇨ rational■explanation [countable, uncountable] a statement, fact or situation that tells you why sth has happened; a reason given for sth解释；说明；阐述◆The most likely explanation is that his plane was delayed.最可能的解释是他的飞机晚点了。◆I can't think of any possible explanation for his absence.我想不出他缺席的任何理由。◆The book opens with an explanation of why some drugs are banned.本书开篇阐述了禁用某些药物的原因。◆She left the room abruptly without explanation.她未作解释就突然离开了房间。 see also explain ⇨ explain2■grounds [plural] (ratherformal) a good or true reason for saying, doing or believing sth（说话、做事或相信某事的）充分的理由，根据◆You have no grounds for complaint.你没有理由抱怨。◆He retired from the job on health grounds.他因健康原因离职。◆Employers cannot discriminate on grounds of age.雇主不得有年龄歧视。■basis [singular] (ratherformal) the reason why people take a particular action原因；缘由◆She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications and ideas.她因资质和理念适合而获选担任这一职位。◆On what basis will this decision be made?作出这个决定的缘由会是什么？ⓘ Basis is usually used in the phrases on the basis of/that... or On what basis...? * basis通常用于短语on the basis of/that ...或On what basis ...?。■excuse / /ɪkˈskjuːs/ / [countable] a reason, either true or invented, that you give to explain or defend your behaviour; a good reason that you give for doing sth that you want to do for other reasons借口；（真实或编造的）原因；（正当的）理由◆Late again! What's your excuse this time?又迟到了！你这次有什么借口？◆There's no excuse for such behaviour.这种行为说不过去。◆You don't have to make excuses for her(= try to think of reasons for her behaviour).你不必为她开脱了。◆It gave me an excuse to take the car.这使我有理由开车去。 see also excuse ⇨ forgiveverb■motive / /ˈməʊtɪv; NAmEˈmoʊtɪv/ [countable] a reason that explains sb's behaviour动机；（解释某人行为的）原因◆There seemed to be no motive for the murder.这起谋杀案看似没有动机。◆I'm suspicious of his motives.我怀疑他的动机。◆I have an ulterior motive in offering to help you.我主动提出要帮助你是有私心的。 see also motivation ⇨ incentive■need [singular, uncountable] (usually used in negative statements通常用于否定陈述) a good reason to do sth需要；必须◆There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.你明天不必早起。◆I had no need to open the letter－I knew what it would say.我没必要拆开那封信－我知道里面会说些什么。ⓘ In this meaning, need is almost always used in the phrases There is/was no need (for sb) to do sth. and have no need to do sth.表达此义时，need几乎总是用于短语There is/was no need (for sb) to do sth和have no need to do sth。■justification /ˌdʒʌstɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ / [uncountable, countable] (ratherformal) a good reason why sth exists or is done（某事物存在或做某事的）正当理由◆I can see no possible justification for any further tax increases.我看不出还有何理由再加税。◆The government is struggling to find a justification for this war.政府在为这场战争竭力寻找理由。 see also justify ⇨ explain2NOTE辨析 Grounds or justification?Justification is used to talk about finding or understanding reasons for actions, or trying to explain why it is a good idea to do sth. It is often used with words like little, no, some, every,without, and not any. Grounds is used more for talking about reasons that already exist, or that have already been decided, for example by law. * justification用于表示想知道或想明白为什么会这么做，或力图说明为什么应这么做，常与little、no、some、every、without和not any等词连用。grounds多指现成的理由，或已确定的根据，如法律上的◆moral / economic / constitutional / environmental / ethical / medical / legal grounds道德／经济／宪法／环境／伦理／医学／法律依据■cause [uncountable] (ratherformal) a reason for having particular feelings or behaving in a particular way（有某种感受或做某种行为的）理由，动机，缘故◆There is no cause for alarm / concern.没有理由惊慌／担忧。◆If your child is absent without good cause(= without a good reason), you may receive a warning from the school board.如果你的孩子无故缺席，你将收到校董事会的警告。■pretext / /ˈpriːtekst/ / [countable, usually singular] (ratherformal) a false reason that you give for doing sth, usually sth bad, in order to hide the real reason（为了掩盖真实原因的）借口，托词◆The incident was used as a pretext for intervention in the area.这次事件成了干涉该地区的借口。◆He left the party early on the pretext of having work to do.他借口有事要处理，早早离开了聚会。
source
noun
source ♦︎ cause ♦︎ origin ♦︎ root ♦︎ starting point ♦︎ beginningsThese are all words for the point that sth starts from.这些词均表示来源、起源、起因。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆(a) common source / cause / origin / roots / starting point◆a possible / natural source / cause / origin / starting point◆the real source / cause / origin / roots / beginnings◆the true / obscure source / cause / origin / beginnings◆a / an known / unknown source / cause / origin◆to have a source / a cause / origins / roots / a starting point / beginnings◆to identify the source / cause / origin / starting point / beginnings of sth◆to find the source / cause / origin / root / starting point of sth◆to locate / discover / investigate / trace the source / cause / origin / roots of sth■source [countable] a place, person or thing that you get sth from来源；出处◆We need to obtain more energy from renewable sources.我们需要从可再生资源中获取更多能源。◆Your local library will be a useful source of information.你们当地的图书馆将是很好的资料来源。◆The tiny window was the only source of light.那扇小窗户是唯一的光源。■cause [countable] the thing or person that makes sth happen原因；起因◆Unemployment is a major cause of poverty.失业是贫困的主要原因。◆There was discussion about the fire and its likely cause.对那场火灾及其可能的起因有过讨论。◆He died of natural causes.他是自然死亡的。 see also cause ⇨ causeverb■origin [countable, uncountable] ( origins [plural]) (especiallywritten) the point from which sth starts; the first or early ideas, signs or stages of sth起源；源头；原始阶段◆The origin of the word remains obscure.该词的来源尚不清楚。◆Most coughs are viral in origin(= caused by a virus).咳嗽大多是由病毒引发的。◆Bottles are labelled by country of origin.那些瓶子上贴有原产国标签。◆The TV series examines the origins of life on earth.这个电视系列节目探究地球上生命的起源。◆This particular custom has its origins in Wales.这种特殊风俗起源于威尔士。■root [countable] (especiallywritten) the main cause of sth, such as a problem or difficult situation; the origin or basis of sth（问题、困境等的）根源；起源；根基◆We have to get to the root of the problem.我们必须找到问题的根源。◆What lies at the root of his troubles is a sense of insecurity.他的一切忧虑源于一种不安全感。◆What would you say was the root cause of the problem?你认为问题的根本原因是什么？◆The two languages share a common root.这两种语言同源。◆Flamenco has its roots in Arabic music.弗拉门科舞曲起源于阿拉伯音乐。NOTE辨析 Origins or root?In some cases you can use either word.在有些情况下这两个词可以通用◆The custom has its origins / roots in Wales.这种风俗起源于威尔士。Both words can mean 'cause' but in slightly different ways: use root to talk about the cause of a problem.二者都可表示原因、起因，但用法稍有区别。root指问题的起因◆We have to get to the origin of the problem.Use origin to talk about when, where and how sth started. * origin指某事在何时、何地及如何开始◆the origin of life / species / the universe生命／物种／宇宙的起源◆the roots of life/species/the universeThe word roots can often suggest an emotional or cultural attachment; the word origins is more scientific. It is usual to talk about sb's social origins(= the social class they came from and the jobs their parents did)but their cultural roots(= the beliefs and customs of people in the family or place that they came from). * roots常有感情或文化色彩，origins则更具科学性。通常说某人的social origins（社会出身），但说他们的cultural roots（文化根源）。 see also origin,roots ⇨ family3■ˈstarting point [countable] a thing, idea or set of facts that can be used to begin a discussion or process（讨论或过程的）起点，基础◆The TV documentary served as a useful starting point for our discussion.这部电视纪录片成了我们讨论的有益起点。◆They reached the same conclusion from different starting points.他们的结论殊途同归。ⓘ Starting point is often used after positive adjectives such asconvenient, good, suitable and useful. * starting point常用在有积极意义的形容词后面，如convenient、good、suitable和useful。■beginnings [plural] (especiallywritten) the first or early ideas, signs or stages of sth原始构想；初始阶段◆Did democracy have its beginnings in ancient Greece?民主制度创始于古希腊吗？◆From these small beginnings it grew into the vast company we know today.这公司从这些小本生意起步，发展成为我们今天所知道的大公司。ⓘ Beginnings is usually used in the phrase sth had its beginnings in...or to describe how sth has changed from beginnings that were humble, modest, simple or small. * beginnings通常用在短语sth had its beginnings in ...中，或用humble、modest、simple或small修饰，表示事物如何发展起来。