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autocratic adj.
⇨ authoritarian (an autocratic approach to management) ⇨ repressive (an autocratic government) authoritarian adjective ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ repressive 另见repressive条authoritarian ♦︎ authoritative ♦︎ autocratic ♦︎ bossy ♦︎ overbearingThese words all describe people who try to control other people or expect to be obeyed, especially without considering the others' wishes, feelings or opinions. 这些词均表示专制的、专横的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an authoritarian / an authoritative / an autocratic / an overbearing manner◆an authoritarian / an authoritative / a bossy attitude◆very authoritarian / authoritative / bossy◆rather authoritarian / bossy / overbearing■ authoritarian / /ɔːˌθɒrɪˈteəriən; NAmE əˌθɔːrəˈteriən, əˈθɑːriən/ (of a person or system) expecting that people should obey authority and rules, even when these are unfair and even if it means that they lose their personal freedom （人或制度）要求服从威权的，专制的◆Many have accused him of an authoritarian style of leadership.许多人谴责他专制主义的领导作风。◆The school was very authoritarian and exam-orientated.这所学校非常专制，而且一切以考试为导向。■ authoritative /ɔːˈθɒrətətɪv; NAmE əˈθɔːrəteɪtɪv, əˈθɑːrəteɪtɪv/ (often approving) (of a person's behaviour) showing that you expect people to obey and respect you （行为）命令式的，权威式的◆His tone was clear and authoritative.他口气明确而强硬。■ autocratic /ˌɔːtəˈkrætɪk/ / (disapproving) (of a person or system) expecting to be obeyed by other people without considering their wishes, feelings or opinions （人或制度）专制的，独裁的◆Critics have accused him of being autocratic and intolerant of dissent.批评者指责他独裁，不容忍不同意见。◆She introduced a less autocratic approach to management.她引入了一种不太专制的管理方法。NOTE 辨析 Authoritarian, authoritative or autocratic? Autocratic always shows disapproval; authoritative often shows approval that sb is strong and in control of a situation; authoritarian can show disapproval but is usually simply a descriptive term, neither approving nor disapproving. * autocratic总带贬义。authoritative常带褒义，指某人强势并掌控全局。authoritarian有时带贬义，但通常仅是个描述性的词，不含褒贬色彩。■ bossy (rather informal, disapproving) (of a person) always telling people what to do （人）好支使人的，好指挥人的◆We were told to move by a bossy woman in a green uniform.一个穿绿制服的专横女人叫我们走开。■ overbearing /ˌəʊvəˈbeərɪŋ; NAmE ˌoʊvərˈberɪŋ/ (disapproving) (of a person) trying to control other people, without considering their wishes, feelings and opinions （人）专横的，飞扬跋扈的◆She found him rude and overbearing.她认为他既无礼又专横。 repressive adjective ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ authoritarian 另见authoritarian条repressive ♦︎ oppressive ♦︎ totalitarian ♦︎ undemocratic ♦︎ dictatorial ♦︎ autocratic ♦︎ tyrannicalThese words all describe people or governments who have complete power or who control people in an unfair way. 这些词均表示人或政府高压统治的、专制的、独裁的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a repressive / an oppressive / a totalitarian / an undemocratic / a dictatorial / an autocratic / a tyrannical regime◆a repressive / a totalitarian / a dictatorial / an autocratic / a tyrannical government◆a repressive / a totalitarian / an autocratic state◆repressive / oppressive / totalitarian / dictatorial / autocratic / tyrannical power◆repressive / oppressive / undemocratic / autocratic / tyrannical rule◆a repressive / an oppressive / a totalitarian / an autocratic system / structure◆a repressive / an oppressive / a totalitarian society◆the repressive / oppressive / undemocratic nature of sth■ repressive / /rɪˈpresɪv/ / (of a system of government) controlling people by force and restricting their freedom （政治体制）压制的，专制的，严厉的◆The government used the incident to justify more repressive measures against the unions.政府利用这一事件作为对工会采取更加高压的措施的理由。■ oppressive / /əˈpresɪv/ / (of people in positions of power) treating some people in a cruel and unfair way and not giving them the same freedoms and rights as other people （掌权者）压迫的，压制的，高压统治的◆The refugees were fleeing from oppressive social and political conditions.难民从压制的社会和政治环境中逃离。■ totalitarian / /təʊˌtæləˈteəriən; NAmE toʊˌtæləˈteriən/ (of a country or system of government) in which there is only one political party that has complete power and control over the people （国家或政治体制）极权主义的◆The country was closed to outsiders for many years under a totalitarian dictatorship.那个国家在极权主义独裁统治下闭关锁国很多年。▸ totalitarianism noun [uncountable] ◆to oppose dictatorship and totalitarianism反对独裁统治和极权主义■ undemocratic /ˌʌndeməˈkrætɪk/ / (of a government or political action) against or not acting according to the principles of democracy （政府或政治行动）不民主的，专横的，霸道的ⓘ Democracy is a system of government in which the people of a country can vote to elect their representatives. * democracy指民主、民主制度，即一个国家的人民可以投票选出自己的代表◆The system is fundamentally undemocratic.这一体制根本上是不民主的。◆It is undemocratic to govern an area without an electoral mandate.没有选民授权就统辖一个地区是不民主的。 OPP democratic ⓘ A democratic country, government, organization, society or action is based on the principle that all people or members have an equal right to be involved in electing a government, running the organization, etc. * democratic指民主的、符合民主精神的，即国家、政府、组织、社会或行动依据的原则是所有人或所有成员享有平等权利来选举政府、运营组织等◆a democratic country / government / system / society民主的国家／政府／体制／社会◆a democratic decision民主决策 ■ dictatorial / /ˌdɪktəˈtɔːriəl/ / connected with or controlled by a dictator (= a ruler who has complete power) 独裁的；专政的◆The military leader gradually assumed more and more dictatorial powers.军方领导人日益独裁。 see also dictator ⇨ dictator ■ autocratic / /ˌɔːtəˈkrætɪk/ / (of a system of government) having a ruler who has complete power （政治体制）独裁的，专制的◆The measures were seen as evidence of a more autocratic style of government.这些措施被认为是政府作风更加专制的证据。 see also autocrat ⇨ dictator ■ tyrannical / /tɪˈrænɪkl/ / (of a person, leader or government) using power or authority over people in an unfair and cruel way （人、领导人或政府）暴虐的，专横的，残暴的◆His reputation as a tyrannical captain made it hard to find a crew.残暴船长的名声让他很难找到船员。 see also tyrant ⇨ dictator |