| 例句 |
natural adj.
⇨ natural (natural instincts) ⇨ obvious (a natural desire for affection) natural adjective natural ♦︎ genetic ♦︎ intuitive ♦︎ instinctive ♦︎ innate ♦︎ congenital ♦︎ hereditaryThese words all describe a characteristic, ability or disease that a person or animal has naturally or is born with. 这些词均表示天生的、本能的、与生俱来的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a natural / a genetic / an innate characteristic◆natural / intuitive / instinctive / innate ability◆natural / intuitive / instinctive / innate understanding◆natural / intuitive / innate sense (of sth)◆natural / intuitive / innate intelligence◆natural / instinctive / innate knowledge◆natural / instinctive / innate desires / needs◆natural / innate instinct◆a natural / an intuitive / an instinctive / an innate response◆a natural / an intuitive / an instinctive reaction◆a genetic / congenital / hereditary disease / condition / disorder◆purely natural / intuitive / instinctive■ natural (of behaviour, qualities or feelings) part of the character that a person or animal was born with （行为、品质或情感）天生的，本能的，与生俱来的◆Hunting is one of a cat's natural instincts.捕猎是猫天生的本能之一。◆His natural gifts as a preacher meant he was in great demand.他具有传道者的天赋，很多人需要他。◆It's only natural to worry about your children.为子女操心是很自然的。ⓘ Natural can also be used before a noun to describe a person who was born with a particular type of character or ability. * natural亦可用于名词前，形容人天生具有某种性格或能力◆He's a natural rebel / leader.他天生是个叛逆者／领袖。 ▸ naturally adverb ◆She was naturally gifted when it came to music.她有音乐天赋。■ genetic / /dʒəˈnetɪk/ / caused by genes 由基因引起的；遗传的ⓘ Genes are the units of cells of a living thing that control its physical characteristics, and that are passed on from parents to children. * gene指基因◆A person's intelligence is based on both genetic and environmental factors.决定人的智力既有遗传因素也有环境因素。◆There are about 4 000 inherited human genetic diseases.人类遗传性疾病约有4 000种。▸ genetically adverb ◆genetically determined characteristics由基因决定的特征■ intuitive / /ɪnˈtjuːɪtɪv; NAmE ɪnˈtuːɪtɪv/ (of ideas) obtained by using your feelings rather than by considering the facts; (of people) able to understand sth by using feelings rather than by considering the facts （思想）凭直觉得到的，直觉的；（人）有直觉的◆Our approach to the subject can be strictly rational or wholly intuitive.我们处理这个问题的方法既可以是全然理性的，也可以是全凭直觉的。◆I don't think that women are necessarily more intuitive than men.我认为女人未必比男人更有直觉。 see also intuition ⇨ instinct , intuition ⇨ idea 2 ▸ intuitively adverb ◆Intuitively, she knew that he was lying.她凭直觉知道他在说谎。■ instinctive /ɪnˈstɪŋktɪv/ / based on a natural tendency to behave in a particular way, rather than on thought or training 本能的；直觉的；天生的◆A bird's knowledge of its migratory route is partly learnt and partly instinctive.鸟类对迁徙路线的认识一部分是学来的，一部分是源自本能。◆My instinctive reaction was to deny everything.我的本能反应是否认一切。 see also instinct ⇨ instinct , instinct ⇨ idea 2 ▸ instinctively adverb ◆I knew instinctively that something was wrong.我凭直觉知道出事了。■ innate / /ɪˈneɪt/ / (rather formal) (of behaviour, qualities or feelings) part of the character that a person or animal was born with （行为、品质或情感）天生的，本能的，与生俱来的◆Many children seem to have an innate sense of justice.许多儿童似乎天生便具有正义感。▸ innately adverb ◆Some philosophers viewed human nature as innately good.有些哲学家认为人性本善。NOTE 辨析 Natural or innate?There is little difference in meaning or use betwen these words. Natural is more frequent and less formal. You might use innate in cases where there might be confusion with a different meaning of natural: for example an innate response is response that sb/sth makes because it is in their character; a natural response is more likely to be a response that sb else expects or understands. 这两个词在含义和用法上差别很小。natural较innate常用和非正式。在有可能与natural的其他含义相混淆的情况下可用innate，比如，an innate response指出于本能的反应；a natural response更有可能指他人看来合乎情理的反应◆Anxiety at a perceived threat is an innate response in any animal.察觉到威胁时感到焦虑是任何动物的本能反应。◆It's a natural response to keep your troubles quiet.对自己的苦恼守口如瓶是很自然的反应。 see also natural ⇨ obvious ■ congenital / /kənˈdʒenɪtl/ / (of a disease or medical condition) existing since birth; existing as a basic part of sb's character that will never change （疾病或病理状况）先天的，天生的；生性的；生就的◆Congenital abnormalities can occur in babies whose mothers drink heavily.母亲酗酒可能会导致婴儿先天畸形。◆He's a congenital liar!他生性好说谎！■ hereditary /həˈredɪtri; NAmE həˈredɪteri/ (especially of diseases) existing from birth as a result of being passed on by one or both parents （尤指疾病）遗传的，遗传性的◆It's a hereditary disorder that can cause abnormal growth.这是一种可能会导致发育异常的遗传病。 obvious adjective obvious ♦︎ natural ♦︎ logical ♦︎ understandableThese words all describe sth that is normal, usual and what you would expect. 这些词均表示正常的、自然的、意料之中的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆obvious / natural / logical / understandable that...◆natural / logical to do sth◆natural / logical for sb to do sth◆the obvious / natural / logical thing to do / choice / conclusion / solution◆the obvious / a natural / an understandable temptation◆a natural / a logical / an understandable reaction / response◆perfectly / quite obvious / natural / logical / understandable■ obvious that most people would think of or agree to; normal and as you would expect 公认的；当然的；正常的；意料之中的◆There's an obvious question that no one has asked.有一个明摆着的问题尚无人问起。◆The solution was obvious.这是公认的解决办法。◆'What should we do?' 'It's obvious, isn't it?'“我们该做什么？”“那不是显而易见吗？”◆It's obvious that she'd be upset.她会不高兴是意料之中的。▸ obviously adverb ◆Obviously we don't want to spend too much money.很明显，我们不想花太多钱。■ natural normal; as you would expect 正常的；自然的；意料之中的◆It's natural that he would want to see his own son.他想见自己的儿子是很正常的。◆It's perfectly natural for you to feel annoyed.你感到烦恼，这是再正常不过的了。◆Children have a natural desire for affection and security.儿童天生渴望得到关爱和安全感。◆The man died of natural causes (= not by violence).这名男子属自然死亡。◆He thought inequality was all part of the natural order of things.他认为不平等完全合乎事物的自然规律。 see also natural ⇨ natural ▸ naturally adverb ◆Naturally, I get upset when things go wrong.事情出了错，我当然会心烦。◆This leads naturally to my next point.这必然引出我的下一个论点。NOTE 辨析 Obvious or natural? Obvious is used especially to describe a decision, choice or course of action. Natural can be used in the same way, but is more frequently used to describe feelings. * obvious尤用以描述决定、选择或行动；natural有相同的用法，但更多用以描述感情◆a natural feeling / desire / fear / concern / anxiety / reluctance正常的感情／欲望／恐惧／关注／焦虑；人之常情的不愿意When obvious is used with these words, it does not mean 'as you would expect', but 'easy to notice'. 与这些词连用时，obvious的意思不是“意料之中的”，而是“明显的、显而易见的”◆Children have an obvious desire for affection. ◆George ignored Lucy's obvious desire to be left alone.露西显然想一个人独处，但乔治未予理会。Both obvious and natural can be used to describe behaviour in the phrase It's obvious/natural that sb would... but only natural can be used in the phrase it's natural for sb to do sth. * obvious和natural均可用在短语It's obvious/natural that sb would ...中描述行为，但只有natural可用在短语it's natural for sb to do sth中◆It's perfectly obvious for you to feel annoyed. ■ logical (of a course of action or line of reasoning) seeming natural, reasonable or sensible （行动或推理）必然的，合乎情理的，合乎常理的◆It was a logical thing to do in the circumstances.那是在那种情况下理应做的事。◆It seemed logical to try and contact the child's mother.设法与孩子的母亲取得联系似乎是合乎情理的做法。OPP illogical ⓘ Something that is illogical is not sensible or not thought out in a logical way. * illogical指悖理的、不合逻辑的、乖戾的◆illogical behaviour / arguments乖戾的行为；不合逻辑的论点 ▸ logically adverb ◆The problem is that you can never trust them to act logically.问题是你绝不能指望他们按常理行事。■ understandable (of feelings, behaviour or reactions) seeming normal and reasonable in a particular situation （行为、感情或反应）合情理的，正常的，可以理解的◆Their attitude is perfectly understandable.他们的态度是完全可以理解的。◆It was an understandable mistake to make.那是一个情有可原的失误。▸ understandably adverb ◆They were understandably disappointed by the result.他们对结果感到失望是可以理解的。 |