beginning noun ⇨source (from small beginnings)⇨start (the beginning of July)
source
noun
source ♦︎ cause ♦︎ origin ♦︎ root ♦︎ starting point ♦︎ beginningsThese are all words for the point that sth starts from.这些词均表示来源、起源、起因。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆(a) common source / cause / origin / roots / starting point◆a possible / natural source / cause / origin / starting point◆the real source / cause / origin / roots / beginnings◆the true / obscure source / cause / origin / beginnings◆a / an known / unknown source / cause / origin◆to have a source / a cause / origins / roots / a starting point / beginnings◆to identify the source / cause / origin / starting point / beginnings of sth◆to find the source / cause / origin / root / starting point of sth◆to locate / discover / investigate / trace the source / cause / origin / roots of sth■source [countable] a place, person or thing that you get sth from来源；出处◆We need to obtain more energy from renewable sources.我们需要从可再生资源中获取更多能源。◆Your local library will be a useful source of information.你们当地的图书馆将是很好的资料来源。◆The tiny window was the only source of light.那扇小窗户是唯一的光源。■cause [countable] the thing or person that makes sth happen原因；起因◆Unemployment is a major cause of poverty.失业是贫困的主要原因。◆There was discussion about the fire and its likely cause.对那场火灾及其可能的起因有过讨论。◆He died of natural causes.他是自然死亡的。 see also cause ⇨ causeverb■origin [countable, uncountable] ( origins [plural]) (especiallywritten) the point from which sth starts; the first or early ideas, signs or stages of sth起源；源头；原始阶段◆The origin of the word remains obscure.该词的来源尚不清楚。◆Most coughs are viral in origin(= caused by a virus).咳嗽大多是由病毒引发的。◆Bottles are labelled by country of origin.那些瓶子上贴有原产国标签。◆The TV series examines the origins of life on earth.这个电视系列节目探究地球上生命的起源。◆This particular custom has its origins in Wales.这种特殊风俗起源于威尔士。■root [countable] (especiallywritten) the main cause of sth, such as a problem or difficult situation; the origin or basis of sth（问题、困境等的）根源；起源；根基◆We have to get to the root of the problem.我们必须找到问题的根源。◆What lies at the root of his troubles is a sense of insecurity.他的一切忧虑源于一种不安全感。◆What would you say was the root cause of the problem?你认为问题的根本原因是什么？◆The two languages share a common root.这两种语言同源。◆Flamenco has its roots in Arabic music.弗拉门科舞曲起源于阿拉伯音乐。NOTE辨析 Origins or root?In some cases you can use either word.在有些情况下这两个词可以通用◆The custom has its origins / roots in Wales.这种风俗起源于威尔士。Both words can mean 'cause' but in slightly different ways: use root to talk about the cause of a problem.二者都可表示原因、起因，但用法稍有区别。root指问题的起因◆We have to get to the origin of the problem.Use origin to talk about when, where and how sth started. * origin指某事在何时、何地及如何开始◆the origin of life / species / the universe生命／物种／宇宙的起源◆the roots of life/species/the universeThe word roots can often suggest an emotional or cultural attachment; the word origins is more scientific. It is usual to talk about sb's social origins(= the social class they came from and the jobs their parents did)but their cultural roots(= the beliefs and customs of people in the family or place that they came from). * roots常有感情或文化色彩，origins则更具科学性。通常说某人的social origins（社会出身），但说他们的cultural roots（文化根源）。 see also origin,roots ⇨ family3■ˈstarting point [countable] a thing, idea or set of facts that can be used to begin a discussion or process（讨论或过程的）起点，基础◆The TV documentary served as a useful starting point for our discussion.这部电视纪录片成了我们讨论的有益起点。◆They reached the same conclusion from different starting points.他们的结论殊途同归。ⓘ Starting point is often used after positive adjectives such asconvenient, good, suitable and useful. * starting point常用在有积极意义的形容词后面，如convenient、good、suitable和useful。■beginnings [plural] (especiallywritten) the first or early ideas, signs or stages of sth原始构想；初始阶段◆Did democracy have its beginnings in ancient Greece?民主制度创始于古希腊吗？◆From these small beginnings it grew into the vast company we know today.这公司从这些小本生意起步，发展成为我们今天所知道的大公司。ⓘ Beginnings is usually used in the phrase sth had its beginnings in...or to describe how sth has changed from beginnings that were humble, modest, simple or small. * beginnings通常用在短语sth had its beginnings in ...中，或用humble、modest、simple或small修饰，表示事物如何发展起来。
start
noun
start ♦︎ beginning ♦︎ opening ♦︎ outset ♦︎ onset ♦︎ birth ♦︎ dawn ♦︎ kick-offThese are all words for the first part or early stages of sth.这些词均表示开端、开头部分或初期阶段。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the start / opening to sth◆at the start / beginning / opening / outset / onset / birth / dawn (of sth)◆from the (very) start / beginning / outset◆a new start / beginning / opening / birth / dawn◆a slow start / beginning / onset◆a / an early / late start / onset / kick-off◆a delayed start / opening / onset◆a promising start / beginning / opening◆to mark the start / beginning / opening / onset / birth / dawn (of sth)◆to herald the start / beginning / opening / onset / dawn (of sth)◆to see the start / beginning / opening / birth / dawn (of sth)◆to delay the start / opening / onset / kick-off (of sth)■start [countable, usually singular] the point at which sth begins; the act or process of beginning sth开头；开端；开始◆What a perfect start to the day!这一天的开始多完美呀！◆If we don't hurry, we'll miss the start of the game.要是不快走，我们就看不上比赛的开头了。◆We've had problems (right) from the start.我们从一开始就遇到了困难。◆The meeting got off to a good / bad start(= started well / badly).会议有了一个良好／糟糕的开端。◆The trip was a disaster from start to finish.那次旅行从头到尾都糟糕透顶。◆I'll paint the ceiling if you make a start on the walls.你要是动手刷墙，我就刷天花板吧。◆She's moving abroad to make a fresh start(= to begin a new life).她要移居国外，开始新的生活。OPPfinish ⇨ endnoun see also start ⇨ beginverb, start ⇨ opportunitynoun■beginning [countable, usually singular] the first part or early stages of sth; the point at which sth begins开头部分；初期阶段；开端；开头◆We're going to Japan at the beginning of July.我们7月初要去日本。◆We missed the beginning of the movie.我们错过了电影的开头部分。◆Let's start again from the beginning.让我们再从头开始吧。◆I've read the whole book from beginning to end.我把这本书从头到尾读了一遍。ⓘ At the beginning (of) is used for the time and place when sth begins. In the beginning means 'at first', and suggests a contrast with a later situation. * at the beginning (of)用于表示某事开始的时间和起点。in the beginning表示起初、起先，与后来相对。OPPend,ending ⇨ endnoun see also begin ⇨ beginverbNOTE辨析 Start or beginning?Although these words have almost the same meaning, they tend to be used in slightly different ways. An event, such as a game or meeting usually has a start; a story, book or movie usually has a beginning. In these cases, the start is usually shorter than the beginning.虽然这两个词含义几乎相同，它们的使用方式却稍有不同。start通常表示game、meeting等活动的开始；beginning通常表示story、book或movie的开始。在这些情况下，start所持续的时间通常比beginning短◆We'll miss the start of the game(= the moment when it starts; the kick-off).我们将会错过比赛的开始部分。◆We missed the beginning of the movie(= the first few scenes).我们错过了电影的开头部分。Note that you say from start to finish and from beginning to end and not◆from start to end or ◆from beginning to finishYou usually say at the beginning of a particular month, season or decade.注意，要说from start to finish和from beginning to end，不说from start to end或from beginning to finish。表示特定月份、季节或十年期的开始，通常用at the beginning of◆at the start of July/summer/the 90sWith other periods of time you can use either word, although beginning is usually more frequent.对于其他时间段，则两词都可使用，尽管beginning通常更常用◆the beginning / start of the day / week / year / century / a new era一天／一周／一年／世纪／新时代的开始Only start can mean 'the act or process of beginning sth'.只有start可表示开始做某事◆I want to make an early beginning.■opening [countable, usually singular] (especiallywritten) the first part or early stages of sth such as a play, book, film, game or other event（戏剧、书、电影或比赛等的）开始，开头部分◆The movie has an exciting opening.该影片的开头很刺激。◆The New Zealanders quickly lost control after a promising opening.新西兰人队在取得一个很不错的开局后很快便对比赛失去了控制。OPPending ⇨ endnoun see also open ⇨ beginverb, opening ⇨ firstdet.adj.■outset / /ˈaʊtset/ / [singular] (only used in the phrase at/from the outset只用于短语at/from the outset) (ratherformal) the beginning of sth开始◆I made it clear right from the outset that I disapproved.从一开始我就明确表示我不赞成。■onset /ˈɒnset; NAmEˈɑːnset, ˈɔːnset/ [singular] (especiallywritten) the beginning of sth, especially sth unpleasant（尤指不愉快的事的）开端，发生，肇始◆An active and healthy lifestyle can delay the onset of disease in later life.积极和健康的生活方式能够推迟晚年疾病的发作。ⓘ Onset is often used to talk about the early stages of illness or some other physical experience. * onset常指疾病或其他一些身体情况的开端◆the onset of illness / infection / disease / depression / AIDS / symptoms / shock / menstruation / puberty疾病／感染／疾病／抑郁症／艾滋病／症状／休克的发作；月经来潮；青春期的到来Other typical collocations relate to the weather.该词的其他常用搭配词与天气有关◆the onset of winter / cold weather冬天／寒冷天气的来临■birth [singular] (especiallywritten) the beginning of a new situation, idea or place创始；开始；诞生◆This declaration marked the birth of a new society in South Africa.这份宣言标志着一个新社会在南非诞生了。■dawn [singular] (literary) the beginning of a new situation, idea or place开端；曙光；萌芽◆That's been going on since the dawn of civilization.那种现象自从有了文明就一直存在。◆Peace marked a new dawn in the country's history.和平使这个国家的历史翻开了新的一页。■ˈkick-off [countable, uncountable] the start of a game of football（足球比赛的）开球，开始◆Kick-off is at 3.足球比赛3点开球。