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branch noun
⇨ area 2 (a branch of statistics) ⇨ department (Our New York branch is dealing with the matter.)area2 noun rural/urban areas 乡村／城市地区areas of study/policy/growth 研究／政策／发展领域area ♦︎ sector ♦︎ field ♦︎ domain ♦︎ subject ♦︎ discipline ♦︎ sphere ♦︎ specialty ♦︎ realm ♦︎ branch ♦︎ specialismThese are all words for divisions of activity, knowledge or interest. 这些词均表示活动、知识或兴趣的领域、方面。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆within / outside the area / sector / field / domain / discipline / sphere / realm of sth◆beyond the domain / sphere / realm of sth◆the public / private / domestic sector / domain / sphere / realm◆the cultural sector / field / domain / sphere / realm◆the social sector / field / sphere / realm◆the economic / military sector / field / sphere◆(the) financial area / sector / sphere◆the political field / domain / sphere / realm◆(the) scientific field / subjects / disciplines / sphere◆to open up a (new) area / field / realm of sth◆to work in the area / sector / field / domain of sth◆to fall within / move into the area / sector / domain / realm of sth■ area [countable] a particular aspect or division of business, knowledge, politics or other activity （商业、知识、政治等活动的）领域，方面◆The report covers several areas of social policy.这份报告涉及社会政策的多个方面。◆Don't ask me about finance－that's Mark's area.别问我财务问题－那是马克负责的范围。◆The big growth area of recent years has been in health clubs.健身俱乐部是近年来发展迅速的领域。■ sector [countable] a part of an area of activity, especially of a country's economy （尤指一国经济活动的）部门，领域，行业◆Public sector institutions have much to learn from private sector companies.公共事业机构有很多地方需要向私营企业学习。◆the manufacturing / service sector制造业；服务业■ field [countable] an area of work or study that sb works in or is interested in 专业；学科；领域◆He was equally famous in the fields of politics and of science.他在政界和科学界同样著名。◆All of them are experts in their chosen field.他们在各自选定的专业中都是专家。◆This discovery has opened up a whole new field of research.这个发现开辟了一个崭新的研究领域。◆'How big was the bomb if it did all that damage?' 'I don't know. It's not my field (= that is not one of the subjects I know about).'“造成这么大的破坏，那颗炸弹得有多大？”“不知道，那不是我的专业。”■ domain / /dəˈmeɪn, dəʊˈmeɪn; NAmE doʊˈmeɪn/ [countable] an area of activity or knowledge, especially one that sb is responsible for （尤指专人负责的活动或知识的）领域，范围，范畴◆Physics used to be very much a male domain.物理学曾在很大程度上是男人的领域。◆Sensitive information should not be released into the public domain.敏感信息不应该对公有领域开放。■ subject [countable] an area of knowledge studied in a school, college or university 学科；科目；课程◆My favourite subject is biology.我最喜欢的学科是生物。◆The core subjects are English, maths and science.核心课程是英语、数学和自然科学。 see also subject ⇨ subject ■ discipline [countable] (formal) an area of knowledge; a subject that people study or are taught, especially at university 知识领域；（尤指大学的）学科，科目◆Scholars from various disciplines have been working on these problems.来自不同领域的学者一直致力于解决这些问题。■ sphere /sfɪə(r); NAmE sfɪr/ [countable] an area of activity, influence or interest; a particular section of society （活动、影响或兴趣的）范围，领域；（社会的）阶层◆Debate should be confined to the sphere of economics rather than politics.辩论应限定在经济领域而不是政治领域。◆This area was formerly within the sphere of influence of the US.这一地区先前属于美国的势力范围。◆He and I moved in totally different social spheres.我和他进入了完全不同的社会圈子。■ specialty /ˈspeʃəlti/ / [countable] (especially NAmE) an area of work or study that sb gives most of their attention to and knows a lot about; sth that sb is good at 专业；专长◆He is a lawyer with a specialty in international tax.他是专长于国际税法的律师。◆Telling jokes is my specialty!讲笑话是我的专长！■ realm / /relm/ / [countable] an area of activity, interest or knowledge （活动、兴趣或知识的）领域，场所◆Questions of consciousness lie outside the realm of physics.有关知觉的问题超出了物理学的领域。◆At the end of the speech he seemed to be moving into the realms of fantasy.讲话的最后，他似乎进入了虚幻的境地。ⓘ The word realm is often used to draw attention to the boundaries between one area of interest and another: things are within/outside/beyond the realms of sth or people enter/move into the realms of sth. * realm常用来强调一种兴趣领域与另一种兴趣领域之间的界限，常用表达方式为within/outside/beyond the realms of sth（在⋯领域之内／之外；超出⋯的领域）和enter/move into the realms of sth（进入⋯领域）。■ branch [countable] a division of a subject （学科的）分支◆The aim is to bring together researchers from different branches of geography.目的在于将地理学科不同分支的研究人员聚集到一起。■ specialism / /ˈspeʃəlɪzəm/ / [countable, uncountable] an area of study or work that sb officially gives most of their attention to, especially in the context of a course of study or a particular company （尤指研究方向或企业的）专业，专长◆He's doing a business degree with a specialism in computing.他正在读一个专修计算机技术的商学位。◆Dr Crane's specialism is tropical diseases.克兰博士的研究专长是热带病。 department noun department ♦︎ division ♦︎ branch ♦︎ unit ♦︎ arm ♦︎ wingThese are all words for a part of an organization. 这些词均表示组织里的部门。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an administrative department / division / branch / arm◆a research department / division / unit / arm◆the finance / marketing department / division / arm◆a political department / unit / arm / wing◆a military unit / arm / wing◆a regional department / division / branch / unit■ department [countable] a part of a large organization, especially a business, shop, university, government or hospital, that deals with one particular activity （企业或商店的）部门；（大学的）系；（政府的）部，司，局；（医院的）科◆I work in the sales department.我在销售部工作。◆The children's department sells a wide range of good quality clothes.儿童用品部售卖各式各样的优质服装。◆Several professors from the history department will also speak at the event.历史系有几位教授也将在这次活动上发言。◆The Department of Trade and Industry refused to comment on the allegations.工业贸易署拒绝对这些指控发表评论。■ division [countable] a large and important part of an organization, especially a military one or a business （商业机构的）部门；（军队的）师◆The commander of the fourth infantry division defied orders.第四步兵师师长违抗命令。◆The company's sales division is going to be restructured.该公司的销售部将会重组。■ branch [countable] a local office or shop belonging to a large company or organization （公司或机构的）分支，分部，分行◆The bank has branches all over the country.这家银行在全国各地设有支行。◆Our New York branch is dealing with the matter.我们的纽约分部正在处理此事。ⓘ Some departments of a government or other organization may have a name which includes the word branch. * branch可能会用在政府或机构的部门名称中◆Scotland Yard's anti-terrorist branch swung into action.苏格兰场的反恐部门立即行动起来。 ■ unit [countable] a department, especially in a hospital, that provides a particular kind of care or treatment; a part of a military organization （医院的）科，病区；（军队的）班组，小队◆She was taken to the intensive care unit.她被送进了重症监护室。◆The hospital's maternity unit is to be closed.该医院的妇产科即将关闭。◆Enemy units have infiltrated the territory.敌方小分队已经潜入这个地区。 see also unit ⇨ army ■ arm [countable, usually singular] (used especially in compounds 尤用于复合词) a department of an organization 分部；职能部门◆The report was published by the research arm of the Department of Transport.该报告是交通部的研究部门发表的。◆The bank plans to sell part of its US finance arm.该银行计划卖掉其设在美国的金融部门的部分业务。■ wing [countable] one section of an organization, especially a political or military one, which has a particular function or whose members share the same opinions （尤指政治或军事机构中具有特殊职能或持相同观点的）派，翼◆The radical wing of the party was dissatisfied with the policies.该党的激进派对这些政策不满。 |