twist ♦︎ bend ♦︎ distort ♦︎ deform ♦︎ buckle ♦︎ warpThese words all mean to force sth into a new shape that is not straight.这些词均表示使弯曲、使变形。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be slightly twisted / bent / distorted / deformed / warped◆to bend / buckle under the weight of sth◆to be twisted / bent out of shape■twist [transitive, intransitive] to force sth into a particular shape, especially by turning each end in the opposite direction; to force sth into a shape or position that is not normal or natural; to be turned by force in this way使弯曲，使扭曲（尤指将两端并拢）；（使）弯曲变形，扭曲变形◆Twist the wire to form a circle.把铁丝弯成一个环。◆He grabbed me and twisted my arm behind my back.他抓住我，把我的胳膊拧到背后。◆Her face twisted in anger.她气得脸都变形了。 see also twisted ⇨ bent■bend(bent, bent) [transitive] to force sth that was straight into an angle or curve使弯曲；使弯折◆Mark the pipe where you want to bend it.在管子上要弄弯的地方做个记号。◆The knives were bent out of shape.那些刀已经弯曲变形了。 see also bent ⇨ bent■distort /dɪˈstɔːt; NAmEdɪˈstɔːrt/ [transitive] to change the shape, appearance or sound of sth so that it is strange or not clear使变形；使扭曲；使失真◆It was like one of those fairground mirrors that distort your shape.它就像露天游乐场那些使人身形扭曲变形的哈哈镜。◆The loudspeaker seemed to distort his voice.他的声音从喇叭里传出来，好像失真了。■deform /dɪˈfɔːm; NAmEdɪˈfɔːrm/ [transitive] to change or spoil the usual or natural shape of sth改变⋯的外形；损毁⋯的形状；使成畸形◆The disease had deformed his spine.疾病导致他脊柱变形。 see also deformed ⇨ bent■buckle [intransitive, transitive] to become crushed or bent under a weight or force; to crush or bend sth in this way（被）压垮，压弯◆The steel frames began to buckle under the strain.钢架在重压下开始变形。◆The crash buckled the front of my car.我汽车的前部被撞扁了。■warp /wɔːp; NAmEwɔːrp/ [intransitive, transitive, usually passive] to become, or make sth become, twisted or bent out of its natural shape, for example because it has become too hot or too damp（使）扭曲，弯曲，变形（如因过热或过潮）◆The window frames had begun to warp.窗框已经开始变形。◆The big double doors were warped with heat and humidity.大的双扇门因受热和受潮变形了。
button2
noun
Press the red button.按下红色按钮。a jacket with gold buttons钉着金色纽扣的夹克衫button ♦︎ pin ♦︎ buckle ♦︎ zip ♦︎ zipper ♦︎ fastener ♦︎ clasp ♦︎ catch ♦︎ Velcro™ ♦︎ lace/shoelace ♦︎ drawstringThese are all words for objects or devices that are used to close or fasten clothes or other objects.这些词均表示纽扣、拉链、扣件等。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to do up / undo a / your button / buckle / zip / zipper / clasp / catch / laces / shoelaces◆to fasten / unfasten a / your button / buckle / zip / zipper / clasp◆a / your button / buckle / zip / zipper / clasp / catch / laces / shoelaces is / are / comes / come undone◆a zip / zipper / fastener / fastening / clasp / catch is / gets stuck■button [countable] a small round piece of metal, plastic, etc. that is sewn onto a piece of clothing and used for fastening two parts together纽扣；扣子◆ (BrE) to do up / undo your buttons系上／解开扣子◆ (NAmE) to button / unbutton your buttons系上／解开扣子◆The top button of his shirt was undone.他衬衫最上面的纽扣开了。◆My coat has lost a button.我的外套掉了一颗扣子。◆I need to sew this button back on.我得把这颗扣子再缝上去。 see also button ⇨ tieverb, unbutton ⇨ undoverb■pin [countable] a short thin piece of stiff wire with a sharp point at one end and a round head at the other, used especially for fastening together pieces of fabric when sewing大头针◆Use pins to keep the patch in place while you sew it on.打补丁时用大头针把布块别住。◆The map had a lot of little pins stuck into it.这张地图上扎进了许多小图钉。◆Fasten the baby's nappy with a safety pin(= a pin with a point bent back towards the head, that is covered when closed so that it cannot hurt you).用安全别针别好婴儿的尿布。▸pin
verb
[transitive] ◆She pinned the badge onto her jacket.她把徽章别到夹克衫上。◆Pin all the pieces of material together.把这些材料都订到一起。■buckle [countable] a piece of metal or plastic used for joining the ends of a belt or for fastening a part of a bag, shoe, etc.（皮带、手提包、鞋子等的）搭扣，锁扣◆He adjusted his belt buckle.他调了调皮带的搭扣。▸buckle
verb
[transitive, intransitive] ◆She buckled her belt.她扣上了腰带。◆These shoes buckle at the side.这双鞋从侧边系扣。OPPunbuckle■zip (BrE) [countable] a thing that you use to fasten clothes, bags, etc. It consists of two rows of metal or plastic teeth that you can pull together to close sth or pull apart to open it.拉链；拉锁◆My zip's stuck.我的拉链卡住了。◆a bag with a zip拉链手提包 see also zip ⇨ tie, unzip ⇨ undo■zipper (especially NAmE) [countable] a zip拉链；拉锁◆My zipper's stuck.我的拉链卡住了。■fastener ( fastening) [countable] a device, such as a button, buckle or zip, used to close a piece of clothing; a device used to close a window, suitcase, etc. tightly纽扣；拉链；扣件◆buttons, zippers and other fasteners纽扣、拉链和其他扣件◆She fumbled with the unfamiliar fastening of the seatbelt.她笨手笨脚地摆弄不熟悉的安全带扣子。 see also fasten ⇨ tie, unfasten ⇨ undo■clasp / /klɑːsp; NAmEklæsp/ [countable] a device that fastens sth, such as a bag or the ends of a belt or a piece of jewellery（手提包、皮带、首饰等的）搭扣，扣环◆the clasp of a necklace / handbag项链扣环；手提包搭扣◆He tried to undo the clasp on the briefcase, but it was stuck.他试图打开公文包的搭扣，但卡住了。■catch [countable] a device used for fastening sth, for example a door, window or box（门窗、盒子等的）扣拴开关，扣件◆a catch on the door门闩◆safety catches for the windows安全窗钩◆I can't open the catch on this bracelet.我打不开这条手链的搭扣。■Velcro™ /ˈvelkrəʊ; NAmEˈvelkroʊ/ [uncountable] a material for fastening clothes, etc. with two different surfaces, one rough and one smooth, that stick to each other when they are pressed together维克罗搭扣；魔术贴◆He did up the Velcro straps on his shoes.他扣上鞋子上的尼龙扣带。■lace ( shoelace /ˈʃuːleɪs/ / ) [countable, usually plural] a long thin piece of material like string that goes through the holes on a shoe and is used to fasten it鞋带◆to tie / untie your laces / shoelaces系上／解开鞋带◆a pair of shoelaces一副鞋带◆My shoelaces came undone and I nearly tripped.我的鞋带松开了，差点儿把我绊倒。▸ˌlace ˈup, ˌlace sth ˈup
phrasal verb
◆a dress that laces up at the side侧面系带子的连衣裙◆He was sitting on the bed lacing up his shoes.他正坐在床边系鞋带。■drawstring / /ˈdrɔːstrɪŋ/ / [countable] a piece of string sewn inside the material at the top of a bag, pair of trousers/pants, etc. that can be pulled tighter in order to make the opening smaller（穿在袋口、裤腰等上的）拉绳，拉带，束带◆They fasten with a drawstring.它们是用拉绳系紧的。◆a drawstring waist系绳的腰部