| 例句 |
put down phrasal verb
⇨ suppress 1 (put down a riot) ⇨ write 1 (put it down on paper)suppress1 verb suppress a rebellion 镇压叛乱suppress a feeling 压抑感情suppress ♦︎ persecute ♦︎ quell ♦︎ crush ♦︎ put sth down ♦︎ disenfranchise ♦︎ subdue ♦︎ oppress ♦︎ repressThese words all mean to use political or military force to bring a group of people under control, to restrict their rights and freedoms, or to stop them from opposing the authorities. 这些词均表示以政治或军事力量来镇压、压制。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达压制的程度| disenfranchise | ➔ | suppress | ➔ | persecute | | subdue | | quell | | crush | | | put sth down | | | | | oppress | | | | | repress | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to suppress / quell / crush / put down / repress a rebellion◆to suppress / quell / crush / put down a / an uprising / revolt◆to suppress / quell / crush opposition◆to suppress / quell / put down a riot◆to quell / crush / subdue rebels◆a persecuted / a disenfranchised / an oppressed minority / people◆the army / troops / police (are used / called in, etc. to) suppress / quell / crush / put down / subdue sb / sth◆a government suppresses / quells / crushes sb / sth◆to brutally suppress / crush / put down / repress sb / sth◆to ruthlessly suppress / crush / repress sb / sth■ suppress / /səˈpres/ / [transitive] (rather formal, written, disapproving) (of a government or ruler) to stop a group or activity which is opposing or threatening authority, often by force （政府或统治者以武力）镇压，平定，压制◆The regime ruthlessly suppresses all dissent.该政权无情压制所有不同意见。◆Trade union rights were suppressed and casual work became the norm.工会的权益受到压制，临时工成为常态。▸ suppression noun [uncountable] ◆the suppression of a rebellion / free speech对叛乱的镇压；对言论自由的压制■ persecute / /ˈpɜːsɪkjuːt; NAmE ˈpɜːrsɪkjuːt/ [transitive, often passive] (disapproving) (especially of people in power) to treat sb in a cruel and unfair way, especially because of their race, religion or political beliefs （尤指当权者因种族、宗教或政治信仰）迫害，残害，压迫◆Throughout history, people have been persecuted for their religious beliefs.历史上人们一直因宗教信仰而受到迫害。 see also persecution ⇨ repression ■ quell [transitive] (rather formal, written, disapproving) (of a government or the authorities) to stop sth such as violent behaviour or protests, often by force （政府或当局以武力）制止，平息，镇压◆Extra police were called in to quell the disturbances.调集更多警力来平息骚乱。■ crush [transitive] (disapproving, journalism 新闻) (of a government or ruler) to use violent methods to stop people who are opposing authority （政府或统治者用暴力）制伏，镇压◆The army was sent in to crush the rebellion.军队被派去平息叛乱。■ ˌput sth ˈdown phrasal verb (putting, put, put) (disapproving) (of a government or the authorities) to use force to stop sth, such as a group or activity which is opposing authority （政府或当局用武力）镇压，平定◆Troops loyal to the president put down an attempted coup.效忠于总统的军队镇压了一场未遂政变。■ disenfranchise /ˌdɪsɪnˈfræntʃaɪz/ / [transitive] (formal) to take away sb's rights, especially their right to vote 剥夺（某人的）权利（尤指选举权）◆Many disabled people were effectively disenfranchised because of lack of access.由于缺乏机会，很多残疾人的权利实际上被剥夺了。■ subdue / /səbˈdjuː; NAmE səbˈduː/ [transitive] (formal, disapproving) (of a government or the authorities) to bring sb/sth under control, such as a group or activity which is opposing authority, especially by using force （政府或当局用武力）制伏，征服，控制◆Troops were called in to subdue the rebels.军队被调来镇压叛乱者。NOTE 辨析 Suppress, quell, crush, put down or subdue?These words are all disapproving and suggest an unfair use of power. Suppress is the most general word. It can refer to stopping a range of different groups or activities, using different degrees of force from political pressure to physical violence. Quell usually refers to stopping violence, protests, riots, etc. This can be political protests or opposition, or other violence, such as football hooligans. Crush and put down both refer to using force to stop either opposition or protests and riots. Crush suggests the use of particularly violent methods and is used especially in journalism. Subdue is a more formal word to refer to bringing opposition under control, either with immediate action, for example by the police or army, or over a period of time. 这些词均含贬义，指不公正地使用了权力。suppress含义最广，可指不同程度地使用政治压力或武力来压制各种群体或活动；quell通常指平息暴力、抗议或骚乱等，包括政治性抗议或对抗，以及足球流氓滋事之类的其他暴力行为；crush和put down均表示使用武力镇压抗议、对抗或暴乱，crush尤用于新闻语言中，指使用特别粗暴的手段；subdue比较正式，表示把对手置于控制之中，既可指立刻采取行动，如动用警察或军队镇压，也可指行动持续一段时期。■ oppress /əˈpres/ / [transitive] (rather formal, written, disapproving) (especially of people in power) to treat sb in a cruel or unfair way, by not giving them the same rights and freedoms as other people （尤指当权者）压迫，欺压，压制◆The regime is accused of oppressing religious minorities.人们指控这个政权欺压少数宗教信徒。 see also oppression ⇨ repression ■ repress / /rɪˈpres/ / [transitive, often passive] (rather formal, written, disapproving) (of a government or the authorities) to control a group of people and restrict their freedom, especially a group who oppose or threaten authority, by using political or military force （政府或当局用政治或军事力量）压制，镇压◆The government was quick to repress any opposition.政府迅速镇压一切反对势力。 see also repression ⇨ repression NOTE 辨析 Persecute, disenfranchise, oppress or repress? Persecute is the most extreme of these verbs and refers to cruel treatment that can include harming and even killing a group of people because they are different in a way which is considered offensive by others or by those in power. People get persecuted especially because of their race, religion or political beliefs, for example the persecution of the Jews during World War II. Disenfranchise is the least emotional, most descriptive term, and means to take people's rights away, especially their right to vote. Oppress and repress lie between these two, meaning to restrict people's freedom so that they cannot express their opinions, act as they want to, challenge those in power, etc. In general people are oppressed and their activities are repressed. 这几个词中persecute最为极端，指对那些由于与众不同而被认为冒犯了别人或当权者的群体进行残酷迫害，包括伤害甚至杀戮。导致人们遭受迫害的原因尤以种族、宗教或政治信仰为主，例如第二次世界大战时对犹太人的迫害。disenfranchise最少情感色彩、最侧重客观叙述，表示剥夺某人的权利，特别是选举权。oppress和repress介于上述两词之间，表示限制人们的言论、行动以及挑战当权者的自由。通常情况下，压制人用oppress，压制行为用repress。 write1 verb Write clearly in black ink. 用黑色墨水书写清楚。write a book 写书write ♦︎ sign ♦︎ write sth down ♦︎ put sth down ♦︎ scribble ♦︎ copy ♦︎ scrawl ♦︎ transcribeThese words all mean to form letters or numbers on a surface, especially using a pen or pencil. 这些词均表示写字、书写。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to write / sign / write sth down / put sth down / scribble / scrawl on sth◆to write / write sth down / put sth down / scribble / scrawl in sth◆to copy / transcribe sth into sth◆to write / sign / write sth down / put sth down / scribble / scrawl with sth◆to write / put / scribble / copy / scrawl sth down◆to write / copy sth out◆to write / write down / put down / scribble / copy / transcribe some notes◆to write / sign / write down / put down / scribble / scrawl your name◆to write / scribble / scrawl your signature■ write (wrote, written) [intransitive, transitive] to form letters, words or numbers on a surface such as paper, especially using a pen or pencil; to give information in writing 写字；书写；写◆I haven't got anything to write with.我没有书写用的笔。◆Please write clearly in black ink.请用黑色墨水书写清楚。◆In some countries children don't start learning to read and write until they are six.有些国家的儿童六岁才开始读书写字。◆Write your answer out again on a new sheet of paper.把答案誊写在另一张纸上。◆Anicent historians wrote of a lost continent beneath the ocean.古代史学家曾描述过一块被大海淹没的大陆。◆In his latest book he writes that the theory has since been disproved.他在最近的一本书里称这个理论已证明是错误的。◆I'll write you a receipt.我给你写个收据吧。▸ writing noun [uncountable] ◆Our son's having problems with his reading and writing.我们的儿子在读写方面有困难。◆There was writing all over the desk.书桌上到处都是字迹。◆Who's this from? I don't recognize the writing.这是谁写的？我认不出这笔迹。■ sign [intransitive, transitive] to write your name on a letter or document, to show that you have written it, that you agree with what it says, or that it is genuine 署名；签字；签署◆Sign here, please.请在这里签名。◆Sign your name here, please.请在这里签名。◆You haven't signed the letter.这封信您还没有署名。◆The treaty was signed on 24 March.条约是3月24日签订的。◆The player was signing autographs for a group of fans.这名运动员正在为一群拥护者签名。◆He signed himself 'Jimmy'.他署名“吉米”。▸ signature noun [countable, uncountable] ◆Someone had forged her signature on the cheque.有人在支票上伪造了她的签名。 (formal) ◆Two copies of the contract will be sent to you for signature.合同一式两份，将送交您签字。■ ˌwrite sth ˈdown phrasal verb (wrote, written)to write sth on paper, especially in order to remember or record it 写下；记录下◆Write down the address before you forget it.把地址写下来，免得忘了。◆Everything he said was written down.他说的每一句话都被记录下来。■ ˌput sth ˈdown phrasal verb (putting, put, put)to write sth down 写下；记录下◆The meeting's on the 23rd. Put it down in your diary.会议日期是23号，把它记在你的记事本里。◆One day I'm going to put it all down on paper.总有一天我会把所有这一切写下来。NOTE 辨析 Write sth down or put sth down?There is no real difference in meaning between these two verbs. Put sth down is usually used with a prepositional phrase to show where or how sth is written. 这两个动词在含义上没有实质差别。put sth down通常与介词短语连用，表示在哪里写或如何写◆Put it down in your diary / on paper / in writing.把它记在你的记事本里／纸上；把它写下来。 ■ scribble [transitive, intransitive] to write sth quickly and carelessly, especially because you do not have much time; to draw marks that do not mean anything 草草记下；匆匆书写；胡写乱画◆He scribbled a note to his sister before leaving.临行前，他给妹妹草草写了封短信。◆Throughout the interview, the journalists scribbled away furiously.在整个采访过程中，记者们忙不迭地写个不停。◆Someone had scribbled all over the table in crayon.不知是谁用蜡笔胡写乱画，满桌子上都是。▸ scribble noun [uncountable, plural] ◆How do you expect me to read this scribble?这种写得歪歪扭扭的东西，让我怎么看？◆The page was covered with a mass of scribbles.那页纸上净是些胡写乱画的东西。■ copy [transitive] to write sth exactly as it is written somewhere else 抄写；誊写◆She copied the phone number into her address book.她把那个电话号码抄写到自己的通讯录上。◆I copied out several poems.我抄录了几首诗。■ scrawl [transitive, intransitive] to write sth in a careless untidy way, making it difficult to read 马马虎虎（或潦草）地写◆She had scrawled the directions on a piece of paper.她把用法说明胡乱记在一张纸上了。◆Someone had scrawled all over my notes.有人在我的笔记上胡写乱画，弄得一塌糊涂。▸ scrawl noun [countable, uncountable] ◆Her signature was an illegible scrawl.她的签名潦草难辨。◆I can't be expected to read this scrawl!不会让我来看这么潦草的东西吧！NOTE 辨析 Scribble or scrawl?People scrawl when they are being careless, but not particularly because they do not have much time. * scrawl指因粗心书写潦草，不一定因为时间仓促◆The journalists scrawled away furiously. ■ transcribe / /trænˈskraɪb/ / [transitive] to record thoughts, speech or data in a written form, or in a different form from the original 记录；抄录；把⋯转成（书写或别的形式）◆Clerks transcribe everything that is said in court.书记员把法庭上所有的话都记录在案。◆The interview was recorded and then transcribed.采访谈话先录了音，然后再抄录出来。 see also transcript ⇨ copy noun 1 |