| 例句 |
scrape verb
⇨ creak (chairs scrape the floor) ⇨ scratch 1 (scrape your knee) creak verb creak ♦︎ scrape ♦︎ groan ♦︎ squeak ♦︎ scratch ♦︎ raspThese words all mean to make a long sound like the sound made when two objects rub against each other. 这些词均表示嘎吱作响、发出刮擦声。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to scrape / scratch / rasp against sth◆to creak / groan / squeak open◆a door / bed / floorboard creaks / groans◆a pen scrapes / scratches◆a voice squeaks / rasps■ creak / /kriːk/ / [intransitive] to make a long low sound like the sound that is sometimes made when you open a door or step on a wooden stair or floor 嘎吱作响（开门或踩上木楼梯或地板时发出的声音）◆The stairs creaked as she went up them.她上楼梯时，楼梯嘎吱作响。◆The door creaked open.门嘎吱一下开了。▸ creak noun [countable] ◆Distant creaks and groans echoed eerily along the dark corridors.远处嘎吱嘎吱的声音在漆黑的走廊里回荡，怪可怕的。■ scrape / /skreɪp/ / [intransitive, transitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to make an unpleasant rough sound like the sound made by rubbing or dragging a hard object across a surface; to make sth produce this sound （使）发出刺耳的刮擦声◆I could hear his pen scraping across the paper.我听得见他的钢笔在纸上沙沙地响。◆Bushes scraped against the car windows.灌木丛刮擦着汽车窗户。■ groan [intransitive] to make a long deep sound like the sound sb makes when they are unhappy or in pain 发出呻吟般的声音◆The trees creaked and groaned in the wind.树在风中嘎吱作响。 see also groan ⇨ whisper NOTE 辨析 Creak or groan? Groan is often used when sth creaks loudly, especially when the sound is caused by sth big or heavy being moved with a lot of effort. * groan发出的声音常比creak更响，尤其声音是由费力地移动大或重的东西引起时。■ squeak / /skwiːk/ / [intransitive] to make a short high sound that is not very loud 发出短促而尖利的声音；吱吱叫；嘎吱作响◆My new shoes squeak.我的新皮鞋走路嘎吱嘎吱响。◆The mouse ran away, squeaking with fear.那只老鼠吓得尖叫着溜了。▸ squeak noun [countable] ◆Shirley gave a little squeak of surprise.雪莉轻轻地惊叫了一声。■ scratch [intransitive] (usually used with an adverb or preposition 通常与副词或介词连用) to make an unpleasant rough sound like the sound made by rubbing or dragging a sharp object across a surface 发出刺耳的刮擦声◆His pen scratched away on the paper.他的笔在纸上沙沙地响。NOTE 辨析 Scrape or scratch? Scrape is often used to describe the sound made by sth that does not have a sharp point. * scrape常指不带尖头的东西弄出声音◆Don't scrape your chairs on the floor.别用椅子刮地板。◆Don't scratch your chairs on the floor. Scratch is often used when an object with a sharp point is making the sound, like the nails on an animal's foot. * scratch常指动物的爪子等带尖头的物体弄出声音◆The dog kept scratching at the door to go out.那条狗不停地抓门，想出去。◆The dog kept scraping at the door to go out. ■ rasp /rɑːsp; NAmE ræsp/ [intransitive] to make a harsh unpleasant sound, especially a sound made by speaking or breathing （尤指说话或呼吸时）发出刺耳声◆He struggled to the top of the hill, his breath rasping loudly.他挣扎着到了山顶，呼哧呼哧地喘气。 scratch1 verb scratch yourself on a nail 在钉子上划了自己一下scratch at an insect bite/a cat scratches 挠被虫叮的包；猫挠人scratch ♦︎ scrape ♦︎ rub ♦︎ scuff ♦︎ grazeThese words all mean to damage a surface or to remove sth from it by moving sth sharp and hard across it. 这些词均表示擦破、划破、磨破。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to scratch sth / scrape sth / rub / scuff sth / graze sth on sth◆to scrape / graze your knee / knuckles / elbow / shin◆to scratch / scrape / graze a surface◆to scratch / scuff / graze sth badly■ scratch [transitive] to damage the surface of sth, especially accidentally, by making thin shallow marks on it; to cut or damage your skin slightly with sth sharp （尤指意外地）擦破，划损，刮坏；划破，划伤（皮肤）◆Be careful not to scratch the furniture.小心别刮坏了家具。◆The car's paintwork is badly scratched.汽车的漆面划损得很严重。◆I'd scratched my leg and it was bleeding.我把腿划破流血了。◆She scratched herself on a nail.她在钉子上划了一下。 see also scratch ⇨ injury noun ■ scrape [transitive] to rub sth accidentally against sth rough, so that it gets damaged or hurt （意外地）擦坏，擦伤，刮坏，蹭破◆I scraped the side of my car on the wall.我的车一侧被墙刮了。◆Sorry, I've scraped some paint off the car.抱歉，我把车刮掉了一块漆。◆She fell and scraped her knee.她摔了一跤，把膝盖蹭破了。◆The wire had scraped the skin from her fingers.她的手指被金属丝刮掉了皮。NOTE 辨析 Scratch or scrape?If you scratch a surface you make a long thin line on it; if you scrape it, you usually make a wider mark. If you scratch a part of your body, the damage is not very bad; if you scrape it, the damage is usually a little greater. 表示擦伤物体表面时，scratch指在上面留下细长的道子，scrape通常指在上面留下较宽的痕迹。表示擦伤身体某个部位时，scratch伤得不严重，scrape则通常伤得略严重些。■ rub (-bb-) [intransitive](of a surface) to move backwards and forwards many times against sth while pressing it, especially causing pain or damage （表面）磨，摩擦（尤指引起疼痛或造成损害）◆The back of my shoe is rubbing.我的鞋后跟磨脚。◆The wheel is rubbing on the mudguard.车轮蹭着挡泥板了。◆The horse's neck was rubbed raw (= until the skin came off) where the rope had been.马脖子上拴过缰绳的地方皮都给磨掉了。■ scuff [transitive] to make a mark on the smooth surface of sth when you rub it against sth rough 磨损，磨坏（光滑表面）◆I scuffed the heel of my shoe on the stonework.我的鞋跟被铺石路面磨坏了。■ graze [transitive] to break the surface of your skin by rubbing it against sth rough 擦伤，擦破（皮肤）◆I fell and grazed my knee.我摔了一跤，擦伤了膝盖。◆He grazed his elbow on a sharp piece of rock.他的手肘被一块尖石划伤了。 see also graze ⇨ injury noun NOTE 辨析 Scrape or graze? Graze is only used to talk about parts of the body; scrape can be used to talk about damaging many types of surface. Scrape places more emphasis on the action; graze places more emphasis on the injury. * graze仅指擦伤身体某部位，scrape可用于多种表面。scrape更强调擦伤的动作，graze更强调所受的损伤。 |