| 例句 |
economical adj.
⇨ cheap (These cars are economical to run.) ⇨ short 3 (an economical prose style) cheap adjective cheap ♦︎ competitive ♦︎ budget ♦︎ affordable ♦︎ reasonable ♦︎ inexpensive ♦︎ economical ♦︎ half-priceThese words all describe a product or service that costs little money or less money than you expected. 这些词均表示便宜的、廉价的。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达便宜的程度| competitive | ➔ | cheap | ➔ | half-price | | affordable | | budget | | | | reasonable | | economical | | | | inexpensive | | | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆cheap / competitive / budget / affordable / reasonable / economical prices / rates / fares◆cheap / competitive / budget / affordable / inexpensive / economical products / services◆cheap / competitive / affordable / inexpensive goods◆very / quite cheap / competitive / affordable / reasonable / inexpensive / economical◆highly competitive / economical◆relatively cheap / competitive / affordable / inexpensive■ cheap costing little money or less money than you expected; charging low prices 便宜的；廉价的；收费低廉的◆A good education is not cheap.好的教育可不便宜。◆A quality pair of Italian shoes doesn't come cheap.一双优质的意大利鞋子不会便宜。◆They've got brand new CD players going cheap.他们有全新的CD播放机降价出售。◆Her school managed to get a couple of computers on the cheap.她的学校设法买到了几台廉价的计算机。◆The town is full of immigrant workers, used as a source of cheap labour (= workers who are paid very little, especially unfairly).这座城里有很多外国移民，是廉价劳动力来源。◆ (BrE) We found a cheap and cheerful cafe (= one that is simple and charges low prices but is pleasant).我们找到了一家价格低廉、环境宜人的咖啡馆。ⓘ Cheap can also be used in a disapproving way to suggest that sth is poor quality as well as low in price. * cheap亦可用于贬义，指价廉而质次◆It was just a bottle of cheap perfume.那只是一瓶廉价香水。◆ (BrE) a cheap and nasty bottle of wine一瓶便宜的劣质葡萄酒 see also cheap ⇨ poor 2 OPP expensive ⇨ expensive ▸ cheaply adverb ◆I'm sure I could buy this more cheaply somewhere else.我相信这个东西在别处买更便宜。◆You can live very cheaply in Greece.在希腊生活花费可以很少。■ competitive / /kəmˈpetətɪv/ / (especially business 尤用于商业) (of prices, goods or services) as cheap as or cheaper than those offered by other companies; able to offer goods or services at competitive prices （价格或收费）不过高的，更便宜的，有竞争力的◆We aim to provide a first-rate competitive service.我们旨在提供一流的、有竞争力的服务。◆We need to work harder to remain competitive with other companies.我们必须加倍努力，以保持与其他公司竞争的实力。◆They had gained a competitive advantage over rival companies.他们已经取得超越对手公司的竞争优势。OPP uncompetitive ⓘ Uncompetitive goods and services are not cheaper or better than others and therefore not able to compete equally. * uncompetitive指产品或服务不够便宜或品质不够好，因而缺乏竞争力◆an uncompetitive industry不具竞争力的行业◆uncompetitive prices缺乏竞争力的价格 ▸ competitively adverb ◆competitively priced goods价格上有竞争力的商品■ budget [only before noun] (used especially in advertising 尤用于广告) cheap because it offers only a basic level of service （因仅提供基本服务而）价廉的，花费少的◆Save pounds on budget flights to the sun.享受阳光，享受特价机票。◆a budget airline / hotel便宜的航班／旅馆■ affordable cheap enough for most people to afford 买得起的；（价格）可以承受的◆We offer the best at affordable prices.我们以可承受的价位提供最佳品质。◆There is less and less affordable housing in this town.在这个城镇房子越来越买不起了。■ reasonable (of prices) not too expensive （价格）不太贵的，公道的◆We sell good quality food at reasonable prices.我们以公道的价格出售优质食品。 OPP unreasonable ⇨ high 1 ▸ reasonably adverb ◆The apartments are reasonably priced.这些公寓定价不算贵。■ inexpensive (rather formal) cheap 不昂贵的◆Can you recommend an inexpensive hotel?你能推荐一家不太贵的旅馆吗？ⓘ Inexpensive is often used to mean that sth is good value for its price. It is used instead of cheap, because cheap can suggest that sth is poor quality. * inexpensive常指某物性价比高。用它而不用cheap，因为 cheap暗指某物质量较差。 OPP expensive ⇨ expensive ■ economical /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkl, ˌekəˈnɒmɪkl; NAmE ˌiːkəˈnɑːmɪkl/ providing good value or service in relation to the cost 经济的；实惠的◆These cars are very economical to run (= they do not use too much fuel).这些轿车很省油。◆It would be more economical to buy the bigger size.买大份儿的更实惠。 OPP uneconomical ⓘ Something that is uneconomical uses too much money or time, or too many materials, and is therefore not likely to make a profit. * uneconomical指花费太多钱、太多时间或太多材料，因而不太可能赢利◆It soon proved to be uneconomical to stay open 24 hours a day.很快就证明每天24小时营业不经济。 ▸ economically adverb ◆I'll do the job as economically as possible.我会尽可能高效率地工作。■ ˌhalf-ˈprice costing half the usual price 半价的◆We waited in line and managed to get two half-price tickets.我们排队等候，总算买到了两张半价票。 OPP full-price ▸ ˈhalf-ˈprice adverb ◆Children aged under four go half-price.四岁以下儿童半票。▸ ˈhalf price noun [uncountable] ◆We have many items at half price or less.我们许多商品都以五折或更低价格出售。 short3 adjective a short time/book/memory 短时间；一本篇幅短的书；记性差short people/legs 个子矮的人；短腿the short answer to your query 对你的询问的简略回答 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ sharp 2 另见sharp条第2义short ♦︎ brief ♦︎ concise ♦︎ abbreviated ♦︎ succinct ♦︎ economical ♦︎ pithyThese words all describe sth that uses few words or letters, or fewer words than sth else. 这些词均表示简略的、缩写的、简洁的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a short / a brief / a concise / an abbreviated / a succinct account◆a short / a brief / a concise / an abbreviated version◆a short / brief / concise / succinct summary / answer / statement◆a brief / pithy comment◆a concise / a succinct / an economical / a pithy style◆very short / brief / concise / succinct / economical◆relatively short / brief / succinct■ short using few words; being a shorter form of a name or word 简短的；简略的；缩写的◆The short answer to your query is that he has acted completely illegally.对于你的询问，简略回答就是他的行为完全违法。◆Try to keep your sentences short.设法把你的句子写得简短些。◆I've only read the shorter version of the report.我只读了报告的缩略版。◆Call me Jo－it's short for Joanna.叫我乔好了－这是乔安娜的简称。◆file transfer protocol or FTP for short文件传输协议或简称FTP OPP long ⇨ long adj. see also shorten ⇨ shrink ■ brief using few words 简洁的；简短的◆The author makes only a brief mention of the role of Japan in this period.作者提到日本在这一时期的角色时只是简略带过。◆Please be brief (= say what you want to say quickly).请简明扼要。◆Now the rest of the news in brief.现在简要报道其他新闻。▸ briefly adverb ◆Briefly, the argument is as follows...简言之，论据如下⋯NOTE 辨析 Short or brief?In many cases you can use either word. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用◆a short / brief account / version / description / summary / statement / answer简短的叙述／版本／描写／总结／声明／回答 Brief is often used when you are talking about speech rather than writing. * brief常用来形容言语而非文字◆Please be short... However, although a mention is usually brief whether in speech or writing, an answer is more likely to be short, even if it is spoken. 然而，无论是口头提及还是文字写到，mention通常都用brief来形容。answer则更常用short来形容，即使指的是口头回答。 ■ concise / /kənˈsaɪs/ / (rather formal) giving only the information that is necessary and important, using few words 简明的；简练的；简洁的◆She gave us clear and concise instructions.她给我们做了言简意赅的说明。ⓘ Concise can also be used to describe a book that is shorter than the original book, on which it is based. In this meaning it is only used before a noun, not after a linking verb. * concise也可用来形容根据原著改写的缩略版。表达此义时它只用于名词前，不用于连系动词后◆This is just a concise dictionary－you should get yourself something bigger.这只是一本缩略版词典，你应该买一本更大部头的。 see also to the point ⇨ relevant ▸ concisely adverb ◆He spoke clearly and concisely.他讲话言简意赅。■ abbreviated / /əˈbriːvieɪtɪd/ / (of a word, phrase or name) shorter than usual because some letters have been left out, or only the first letters in each word are used （单词、短语或名称）缩略的，缩写的◆On the map, abbreviated forms such as USA and UK are consistently used.地图上经常使用像USA、UK这样的缩写形式。▸ abbreviate verb [transitive] ◆Et cetera is usually abbreviated to etc.et cetera常缩写成etc.。■ succinct / /səkˈsɪŋkt/ / (approving) (of a comment or piece of writing) expressed clearly and using few words （评论或文章）简明的，言简意赅的◆Keep your answers as succinct as possible.答案要尽可能简洁明了。OPP long-winded ⓘ Speech or writing that is long-winded continues for too long and is boring and may be hard to understand. * long-winded指讲话或文章冗长枯燥，可能让人难以理解。 ▸ succinctly adverb ◆You put that very succintly.你说得十分简明扼要。■ economical (rather formal) using no more words, space or energy than is necessary 节俭的；节约的；简洁的◆He uses an economical prose style.他采用简练的散文体。◆an economical use of land / space节约用地；节省空间▸ economically adverb ◆She writes elegantly and economically.她的文章典雅而简练。NOTE 辨析 Concise, succinct or economical? Concise and succinct are used more to talk about how facts are presented; economical is used more often to talk about sb's style of speaking or writing. Succinct suggests that you approve of the way sth is expressed because it is clear and wastes no words; concise is a more factual term, neither approving nor disapproving. * concise和succinct更多用来形容事实的呈现方式，economical更多用来形容某人说话或写作的风格。succinct含褒义，表示言简意赅，concise更注重客观叙述，是中性词。■ pithy / /ˈpɪθi/ / (approving) (of a comment or piece of writing) short but expressed well and full of meaning （评论或文章）言简意赅的，精炼的◆a pithy advertising slogan一句精炼的广告口号 |