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philosophical adj.
⇨ intellectual 1intellectual1 adjective intellectual abilities/discussion 智能；思想交锋an intellectual audience/elite 聪明的观众；知识精英intellectual ♦︎ theoretical ♦︎ psychological ♦︎ mental ♦︎ abstract ♦︎ philosophical ♦︎ academic ♦︎ conceptualThese words all describe things that are connected with ideas or the mind rather than the physical world. 这些词均表示思想的、理智的、观念上的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an intellectual / a theoretical / a psychological / sb's mental / an abstract / a philosophical / an academic / a conceptual approach◆an intellectual / a theoretical / a philosophical / an academic / a conceptual framework◆intellectual / theoretical / psychological / abstract / philosophical / conceptual terms◆an intellectual / a theoretical / a psychological / a mental / an abstract / a philosophical concept◆intellectual / abstract / philosophical / academic / conceptual thought / thinking◆intellectual / theoretical / abstract / philosophical / academic discussion / argument / debate◆an intellectual / a theoretical / a psychological / a mental / a philosophical / a conceptual problem◆theoretical / psychological / philosophical / academic study◆purely intellectual / theoretical / psychological / mental / abstract / philosophical / academic / conceptual◆highly / largely intellectual / theoretical / abstract / academic■ intellectual / /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl/ / [usually before noun] connected with or using sb's ability to think in a logical way and understand things 智力的；脑力的；理智的◆It can be very difficult to measure intellectual ability.智力水平很难进行测验。◆You can't really appreciate art from a purely intellectual standpoint.从纯理性的角度不可能真正地欣赏艺术。▸ intellectually adverb ◆The party carries no weight intellectually.该党在思想上没有什么影响力。◆It's an intellectually demanding job.这是个对智力要求很高的工作。■ theoretical / /ˌθɪəˈretɪkl; NAmE ˌθiːəˈretɪkl/ [usually before noun] concerned with the ideas and principles on which a subject is based rather than with practice or experiments 理论上的◆We aim to provide you with both theoretical and practical knowledge of your subject.我们力求为你们提供所学科目的理论和实践知识。◆The emphasis of his lectures is on theoretical physics.他讲座的重点是理论物理学。OPP practical , experimental ⇨ practical see also theory ⇨ theory 1 ▸ theoretically adverb ◆Travelling faster than the speed of light is theoretically impossible.运行速度超过光速在理论上是不可能的。◆Theoretically, education is free in this country.该国的教育按理说是免费的。■ psychological /ˌsaɪkəˈlɒdʒɪkl; NAmE ˌsaɪkəˈlɑːdʒɪkl/ [usually before noun] connected with the mind and how it works 心灵的；心理的◆Victory in the previous game should give them a psychological advantage over their opponents.上一场比赛的胜利使他们比对手有心理优势。◆Her latest movie is a tense psychological drama.她的最新影片是一部情节紧张的心理剧。◆I think his illness is more psychological (= caused by the mind) than physical.我认为他的病是心病，而不是身体上的。▸ psychologically adverb ◆Some of these so-called therapies can actually be psychologically harmful.这些所谓的治疗有一些实际上会对心理造成伤害。■ mental [usually before noun] connected with or happening in the mind; involving the process of thinking 思想的；精神的；思考的；智力的◆The experience caused her huge amounts of mental suffering.那次经历给她带来了巨大的精神痛苦。◆Do you have a mental picture of the scene (= can you imagine what it looks like)?你能想象那场景是什么样子吗？◆I made a mental note to call her as soon as I got home.我让自己记着一到家就给她打电话。◆I have a complete mental block (= I cannot learn or remember) when it comes to physics.我对物理一点都学不进去。◆Are you any good at mental arithmetic (= mathematical calculations that you do in your mind rather than on paper)?你擅长心算吗？▸ mentally adverb ◆The team were outplayed, physically and mentally.该队在体力上和精神上都被打败了。◆You need to be mentally prepared for the race.你得为比赛做好心理准备。■ abstract /ˈæbstrækt/ / based on general ideas and not on any particular real person, thing or situation; existing in thought or as an idea but not having any physical reality 抽象的（与具体情况或具体经验相对）；纯理论的◆Freedom is more than a purely abstract notion.自由并不仅仅是一个纯粹抽象的概念。◆We may talk of beautiful things but beauty itself is abstract.我们尽可谈论美的事物，但美本身却是抽象的。OPP concrete ⇨ final see also abstraction ⇨ idea 1 ▸ the abstract noun [singular] ◆Legal questions rarely exist in the abstract; they are based on real cases.法律问题很少以抽象理论形式存在，它们是以真实的案例为基础的。■ philosophical / /ˌfɪləˈsɒfɪkl; NAmE ˌfɪləˈsɑːfɪkl/ [usually before noun] connected with philosophy; involving serious thinking about life, the universe and other important issues 哲学的；思辨的◆The level of philosophical debate is usually quite high.哲学辩论的水平通常很高。▸ philosophically adverb ◆She is right-wing both politically and philosophically.她在政治上和哲学上都是右翼。■ academic [usually before noun] involving a lot of reading or studying rather than practical or technical skills 学术的（与实践技能或技术技能相对）◆I wasn't sure I could cope with the academic demands of the course.我没把握应付得了这门课的学术要求。◆She had very few academic qualifications.她的学术资历很欠缺。▸ academically adverb ◆They are all well qualified academically, but have little practical experience.他们在学历上完全够格，但几乎没有什么实践经验。■ conceptual /kənˈseptʃuəl/ / (formal) connected with or based on ideas 概念（上）的；观念（上）的◆She presents a conceptual framework for the analysis of educational processes.她提出了一个分析教育过程的概念框架。 see also concept ⇨ idea 1 ▸ conceptually adverb ◆conceptually similar / distinct概念上相似／不同 |