| 例句 |
resist verb
⇨ resist (resist arrest) ⇨ oppose (resist change) ⇨ withstand (resist infection) resist verb resist ♦︎ struggle ♦︎ hold/keep sb/sth at bay ♦︎ hold/stand your ground ♦︎ hold out against sb/sthThese words all mean to fight against sb/sth who is attacking, threatening or opposing you. 这些词均表示抗争、反抗。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to struggle / hold your ground against sb / sth◆to resist / hold out against an attack◆to resist / hold out against pressure■ resist [intransitive, transitive] to fight back when attacked; to use force to stop sth from happening 反抗；回击；抵抗◆He tried to pin me down, but I resisted.他试图制伏我，但我奋力反抗。◆She was charged with resisting arrest.她被控拒捕。◆He gathered forces to resist the invasion.他集结力量抵御入侵。 OPP give in , submit ⇨ give way see also resistance ⇨ opposition ■ struggle [intransitive] to fight against sb/sth in order to prevent a bad situation or result （为防止恶劣情况或结果）斗争，抗争◆He struggled against cancer for two years.他同癌症抗争了两年。◆We should all struggle against injustice.我们都应该同非正义作斗争。◆Lisa struggled with her conscience before talking to the police.莉萨经过一番良心斗争，终于对警方说了。 see also struggle ⇨ campaign noun ■ hold sb/sth at ˈbay■ keep sb/sth at ˈbay idiom (held, held; kept, kept)to prevent an enemy from coming close or a problem from having a bad effect 不让（敌人）接近；防止（问题）恶化◆I'm trying to keep my creditors at bay.我在竭力躲避债主。◆Charlotte bit her lip to hold the tears at bay.夏洛特咬住嘴唇不让眼泪流出来。■ hold your ˈground■ stand your ˈground idiom (held, held; stood, stood)to continue with your opinions or intentions when sb is opposing you and wants you to change; to face a situation and refuse to run away 坚持主张；坚持立场；不屈服；不退却◆Don't let him persuade you－stand your ground.别听他的－坚持自己的主张吧。◆It is not easy to hold your ground in front of someone with a gun.面对持枪者而不退缩并不容易。■ ˌhold ˈout against sb/sth phrasal verb (held, held)to continue to resist sb/sth, especially in a dangerous or difficult situation （尤指在危险或困难情况下）顽强抵抗，不屈不挠◆British troops held out against constant attacks.英国军队对不断的攻击进行了顽强的抵抗。◆The Prime Minister held out against pressure to speed up the reforms.面对要求加快改革步伐的压力，首相坚持立场不动摇。 oppose verb oppose ♦︎ resist ♦︎ fight ♦︎ combat ♦︎ defy ♦︎ rebel ♦︎ go against sb/sth ♦︎ disobey ♦︎ stand up to sb ♦︎ floutThese words all mean to speak or act against things that you disagree with. 这些词均表示反对、抵制、与⋯作斗争。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to fight / rebel against sb / sth◆to oppose / resist / fight a plan / proposal◆to oppose / fight / defy / flout a ban◆to oppose / fight / defy / stand up to the government◆to defy / disobey your parents◆to oppose / defy / disobey / flout the law◆to defy / rebel against / disobey / flout authority◆to oppose / defy / go against / flout sb's wishes◆to fight / combat crime / disease / pollution / inflation◆to defy / disobey / flout a / an rule / order◆to fiercely / bitterly / strongly oppose / resist sth■ oppose [transitive] to disagree strongly with a person, plan or policy, and to speak or act against them 反对（人、计划或政策）；抵制；阻挠◆This party would bitterly oppose the re-introduction of the death penalty.这个党会强烈反对恢复死刑。◆He found himself opposed by his own deputy.他发现遭到了自己副手的反对。◆I would oppose changing the law.我会反对改变这条法规。 OPP support ⇨ support 1 , propose ⇨ propose see also opposition ⇨ opposition , opponent ⇨ enemy ■ resist [transitive] to refuse to accept a change or what sb wants to do, and try to stop it from happening 抵制；阻挡◆They are determined to resist pressure to change the law.他们决心顶住要求修改这项法律的压力。◆The bank strongly resisted cutting interest rates.银行强烈反对降低利率。 see also resistance ⇨ opposition ■ fight (fought, fought) [transitive, intransitive] to use a lot of effort to oppose a decision or plan, or to stop or deal with sth bad 极力反对（决定或计划）；与（坏事）作斗争◆Workers are fighting the decision to close the factory.工人在极力反对关闭工厂的决定。◆We are committed to fighting poverty.我们致力于消除贫困。◆We will fight for as long as it takes.我们要一直斗争到底。 see also battle ⇨ compete ■ combat / /ˈkɒmbæt; NAmE ˈkɑːmæt/ (-t- or -tt-) [transitive] (rather formal) to take action to stop or deal with sth bad 与（坏事）作斗争◆He announced new measures to combat crime in the inner cities.他宣布了打击内城区犯罪活动的新措施。◆The country has appealed for aid to combat serious shortages of foodstuffs.该国已吁请援助以应付严重的食品短缺。NOTE 辨析 Fight or combat? Fight has a wider range of collocates than combat, and is often used to talk about things that you oppose personally. * fight常指站在个人立场上反对某事，搭配词的范围较combat广◆to fight a decision / plan / ban反对决定／计划／禁令◆to fight against sth反对某事◆to combat a decision/plan/ban ◆to combat against sth Both fight and combat can be used to talk about official efforts to deal with economic and social conditions such as poverty, crime, unemployment and inflation. Fight is not normally used with shortages. * fight和combat均可指官方努力应对poverty、crime、unemployment和inflation等经济和社会问题。fight通常不与shortage连用◆to fight serious shortages of foodstuffs ■ defy /dɪˈfaɪ/ / [transitive] to refuse to obey or show respect for sb/sth in authority, a law, rule or decision 违抗；反抗；蔑视◆I wouldn't have dared to defy my teachers.我可不敢不听老师的话。◆Hundreds of people today defied the ban on political gatherings.今天有数百人违抗禁止政治集会的规定。 see also defiant ⇨ naughty ▸ defiance noun [uncountable] ◆Nuclear testing was resumed in defiance of an international ban.尽管国际上明令禁止，核试验又在进行了。◆She held up a clenched fist in a gesture of defiance.她举起攥紧的拳头以示反抗。■ rebel / /rɪˈbel/ / [intransitive] to stop obeying sb/sth that has authority over you 造反；反抗；背叛◆He later rebelled against his strict religious upbringing.他后来背叛了从小所受的严格宗教教育。◆Most teenagers find something to rebel against.大多数青少年都会反抗这个反抗那个。 see also rebellious ⇨ naughty ▸ rebellion noun [uncountable, countable] ◆Some members are in rebellion against proposed cuts in spending.有些成员反对削减开支的建议。◆Teenage rebellion often starts in the home.青少年的叛逆常常始于家庭。■ ˌgo aˈgainst sb/sth phrasal verb (goes, went, gone)to disagree with a rule or sb's wishes and do the opposite of what they say 违反（规则）；违背（意愿）；与⋯相背◆He would not go against his parents' wishes.他不会违背父母的意愿。■ disobey / /ˌdɪsəˈbeɪ/ / [transitive, intransitive] to refuse to do what a law, order or sb in authority tells you to do 不服从；不顺从；违抗◆He was punished for disobeying orders.他因抗命而受罚。◆How dare you disobey me!你竟敢不听我的！ OPP obey ⇨ follow 3 see also disobedient ⇨ naughty ■ ˌstand ˈup to sb phrasal verb (stood, stood)to refuse to accept bad treatment from a more powerful person or organization without complaining 勇敢地对抗；拒绝接受（强大势力的）不公正对待◆It was brave of her to stand up to those bullies.她不向那几个坏蛋屈服，真是勇敢。■ flout / /flaʊt/ / [transitive] to show that you have no respect for a law, rule or custom by openly not obeying it 公然蔑视，无视（法律、规则或习俗）◆She likes flouting convention and doing her own thing.她就爱藐视习俗、我行我素。 withstand verb withstand ♦︎ tolerate ♦︎ stand ♦︎ resist ♦︎ absorb ♦︎ stand up to sthThese words all mean to be strong enough not to be harmed or damaged by sth. 这些词均表示承受住、抵住。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to withstand / tolerate / stand / resist high temperatures / heat◆to withstand / tolerate / stand (harsh, dry, etc.) conditions◆to withstand / resist / stand up to stress / wear◆to withstand / resist attack / damage◆to withstand / stand the pressure / strain / weight■ withstand /wɪðˈstænd, wɪθˈstænd/ (withstood, withstood) [transitive] (formal) to be strong enough not to be harmed or damaged by extreme conditions or the use of force 承受，抵住，经受住（极端条件或武力）◆The boat was built to withstand just about every weather condition.这只船的设计能够承受几乎各种天气状况。◆They had withstood siege, hunger and deprivation.他们经受了围困、饥饿和贫穷。■ tolerate /ˈtɒləreɪt; NAmE ˈtɑːləreɪt/ [transitive] (rather formal) (of people, animals and plants) to be able to be affected by a drug or difficult conditions without being harmed （人、动物和植物）对（药物）有耐受能力，能经受（困难条件）◆Young and elderly people cannot tolerate alcohol as well as other adults.儿童和老人对酒精的耐受性都不如成年人。◆Few plants will tolerate sudden changes in temperature.很少有植物能经受得住气温的突变。■ stand (stood, stood) [transitive] (used especially with can/could 尤与can/could连用) to be able to survive pressure or extreme conditions without being harmed or damaged 经受，承受，经得起（压力或极端条件）◆His heart won't stand the strain much longer.他的心脏对这种压力承受不了多久了。◆Modern plastics can stand very high and very low temperatures.新型塑料耐高温和耐低温能力很强。■ resist [transitive] to be strong enough not to be harmed or damaged by sth 经受住，抗（伤害）◆A healthy diet should help your body resist infection.健康饮食有助于身体抗感染。◆This new paint is designed to resist heat.这种新油漆有耐热特性。ⓘ Resist is used to describe an object, material or structure which is strong enough not to be damaged by the force of an attack, extreme weather conditions, etc. * resist指物体、材料或结构经得住击打或极端天气等◆The castle was built to resist attack.这座城堡为了抵御攻击而建。◆It is thick enough to resist breaking (= it will not break), even under impact.它的厚度使之即便受到撞击也不会碎裂。It is also used to describe an object or material which will not allow sth, such as water, to enter through its surface and cause damage. * resist还用于指物体或材料能防止水等进入表面造成破坏◆They are treated with silicone to enable them to resist damp.它们经过硅酮处理，能防潮。If a person, plant or animal resists a disease or virus, they are strong enough to fight it and not become ill. * resist可指人或动植物有抗病能力◆crops which resist disease and pest attack能抵御病虫害的庄稼 see also resistance ⇨ strength ■ absorb /əbˈsɔːb, əbˈzɔːb; NAmE əbˈsɔːrb, əbˈzɔːrb/ [transitive](of an object or material) to reduce the effect of a blow or hit （物体或材料）减轻（打击或撞击）的作用◆This tennis racket absorbs shock on impact.这只网球拍能在击打时减震。■ ˌstand ˈup to sth phrasal verb (stood, stood)(of materials or products) to remain in good condition in spite of rough treatment or extreme conditions （材料或产品）经受得住，能承受（粗暴对待或极端条件）◆The carpet is designed to stand up to a lot of wear and tear.这种地毯设计得十分耐磨。 |