| 例句 |
separate verb
⇨ separate 1 (separate the white from the yolk) ⇨ separate 2 (separated by a wall) ⇨ disperse (separate into search parties) ⇨ divide 2 (Politics is the only thing that separates us.) ⇨ divorce (separate from your wife/husband)separate adj.
⇨ particularseparate1 verb separate the white from the yolk/belief from emotion 把蛋清和蛋黄／信仰和感情分开separated by a wall/a thousand miles 隔着一堵墙；相隔1 000英里separate ♦︎ divorce ♦︎ disentangle ♦︎ filter sth out ♦︎ sort sth outThese words all mean to divide two or more things which are mixed together into different parts or groups. 这些词均表示分开、区分。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to separate / divorce / disentangle / sort out sth from sth else◆to separate / disentangle the strands of sth◆to separate sth completely / be completely divorced from sth◆to be totally / easily separated / divorced from sth■ separate / /ˈsepəreɪt/ / [intransitive, transitive] to divide into different parts or groups; to divide things into different parts or groups 分开；分离；分割；划分◆Stir the sauce constantly so that it does not separate.不停地搅动调味汁，免得出现分层。◆First, separate the eggs (= separate the yolk from the white).首先，把蛋黄和蛋清分开。◆It is impossible to separate belief from emotion.信仰和感情是分不开的。◆Make a list of points and separate them into 'desirable' and 'essential'.把要点列出来，分成“可取的”和“绝对必要的”两类。 see also separation ⇨ division 1 , separate ⇨ disperse ■ divorce [transitive, often passive] (formal) to separate sb/sth, especially an idea, subject or person, from sth else 使分离，使脱离（尤指想法、主题或人）◆They believed that art should be divorced from politics.他们认为艺术应该与政治分离。◆When he was depressed, he felt utterly divorced from reality.他沮丧时便感到完全脱离了现实。■ disentangle / /ˌdɪsɪnˈtæŋgl/ / [transitive] to separate different things, especially arguments or ideas, that have become confused 理顺，分清，清理出（尤指混淆的论点或想法）◆It's not easy to disentangle the truth from the official statistics.把真实情况从官方统计资料中整理出来可不是件容易事。◆It is important to disentangle all the factors that may be causing your stress.把可能给你带来压力的那些因素理清楚，这一点很重要。■ ˌfilter sth ˈout phrasal verb to remove sth that you do not want from a liquid, gas, light or sound, sometimes by using a special device or substance （把不想要的东西）过滤掉◆Wear a mask to filter out the smoke in the air.戴上口罩以过滤掉空气中的烟雾。◆We learn to filter out background noise when we are listening to something in particular.我们倾听某种具体的声音时要学会排除周围的杂音。■ ˌsort sth ˈout phrasal verb to separate sth from a larger group （从⋯中）区分出来，辨别出来◆Could you sort out the toys that can be thrown away?你把可以扔掉的玩具挑出来好吗？◆It was difficult to sort out the lies from the truth.谎言和真话难以辨别。 separate2 verb separate the white from the yolk/belief from emotion 把蛋清和蛋黄／信仰和感情分开separated by a wall/a thousand miles 隔着一堵墙；相隔1 000英里separate ♦︎ seal sth off ♦︎ divide ♦︎ partition ♦︎ cordon sth off ♦︎ mark sth off ♦︎ fence sth offThese words all mean to split an area into more than one section, especially in order to prevent people from entering one section. 这些词均表示分割、隔开、阻隔。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to seal / divide / partition / cordon / mark / fence sth off◆to separate / divide / partition sth into different areas◆to separate / divide / partition sth into different sections / areas◆to separate / seal off / divide / partition / cordon off / mark off / fence off an area◆to seal off / cordon off a street / road / city centre◆to divide / partition / fence off land◆to divide / partition a country◆the army / police seal / cordon sth off◆a wall separates / divides sth from sth else◆to be clearly separated / divided■ separate / /ˈsepəreɪt/ / [transitive] to be between two people, areas, countries or things, so that they are not touching or connected 隔开，阻隔（两个人、区域、国家或事物）◆A thousand kilometres separate the two cities.这两座城市相隔1 000公里。◆A high wall separated our block from the playing field.我们的大楼和运动场之间隔着一堵高墙。 see also separation ⇨ division 1 ■ ˌseal sth ˈoff phrasal verb (of the police or army) to prevent people from entering a particular area （警察或军队）封锁，封闭◆Police sealed off the building following a security alert.安全警报发出后，警察封锁了这座大楼。■ divide [transitive] to be the real or imaginary line or barrier that separates two people or things 是⋯的分界线；分割；把⋯隔开◆A fence divides off the western side of the grounds.一道篱笆把庭院的西面隔开了。◆The city was divided into four sectors.这座城市被划分成四个区。■ partition /pɑːˈtɪʃn; NAmE pɑːrˈtɪʃn/ [transitive, often passive] to divide sth, especially a country or city, into two or more parts; to separate one part of a room or area from another with a wall or screen 分割，分裂（国家或城市）；隔开（地方或房间）◆The country was partitioned a year after the elections.大选后的第二年这个国家就分裂了。◆The room is partitioned into three sections.这间屋子被分隔成三个小间。 see also partition ⇨ division noun 1 , partition ⇨ wall noun ■ ˌcordon sth ˈoff phrasal verb (of the police or army) to prevent people from entering a particular area by surrounding it with police or other guards （警察或军队）包围，警戒，封锁◆Police cordoned off the area until the bomb was made safe.警方封锁了这个地区，直到炸弹被安全拆除为止。 see also cordon ⇨ row noun ■ ˌmark sth ˈoff phrasal verb to separate sth by marking a line between it and sth else 画线分隔；划开◆The playing area was marked off with a white line.运动场地用白线划了出来。■ ˌfence sth ˈoff phrasal verb [often passive] to separate one area from another with a fence （用栅栏、篱笆等）隔开◆One end of the yard had been fenced off for the chickens.院子的一头用栅栏隔开养鸡。 see also fence ⇨ wall disperse verb disperse ♦︎ break (sth) up ♦︎ separate ♦︎ scatter ♦︎ partThese words all refer to people or things moving apart in different directions. 这些词均表示向四周散开。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a crowd disperses / scatters / parts◆clouds disperse / part◆police disperse sb / break sth up■ disperse / /dɪˈspɜːs; NAmE dɪˈspɜːrs/ [intransitive, transitive] (rather formal, written) to move apart and go away in different directions; to make sb/sth do this 疏散；散开；驱散◆The fog began to disperse.雾开始散去。◆The crowd dispersed quickly.人群很快便散开了。◆Police dispersed the protesters with tear gas.警方用催泪弹驱散了抗议者。◆They dispersed the chemicals with a sheet of water.他们用一大滩水把那些化学剂冲走。◆The community was dispersed by the war.这个群体因战争而分散了。ⓘ Disperse can be used to talk about groups of people, clouds or substances in the air. * disperse可与表示人群、云彩或空气中的物质的词搭配。■ ˌbreak ˈup ■ ˌbreak sth ˈup phrasal verb (broke, broken) [intransitive](of a meeting) to finish, with the people going away in different directions; to make people leave a meeting or stop fighting, especially by using force （会议）散会；（尤指用武力）驱散，制止◆The meeting broke up at eleven o' clock.那次会议在11点散会。◆Police broke up the demonstration.警方制止了那次示威游行。◆A woman was hurt as she tried to break up a fight.一个女人在试图制止斗殴时受了伤。NOTE 辨析 disperse or break up?A meeting breaks up but the people, group or crowd at the meeting disperse(s). 表示会议结束，break up的主语是meeting，disperse的主语是与会的人（people、group、crowd等）◆The meeting dispersed at eleven o'clock. ◆The crowd broke up quickly. You can break up a demonstration or a fight, but police disperse the crowds or protesters at the demonstration. * break up可接demonstration或fight作宾语，disperse可接crowd或protester作宾语◆Police dispersed the demonstration. ◆Police broke up the protesters with tear gas. ■ separate /ˈsepəreɪt/ / [intransitive, transitive] to stop being a group or one whole thing and move apart in different directions; to make people move apart 分开；分离；使离散◆We separated into several different search parties.我们分成了几个搜索小组。◆Two men separated from the others and walked towards me.两名男子与其他人分开，朝我走了过来。◆South America and Africa separated 200 million years ago.2亿年前南美洲和非洲分离。◆The war separated many families.这场战争使许多家庭离散。 see also isolate ⇨ isolate , separate ⇨ separate 1 , separation ⇨ division 1 ■ scatter [intransitive, transitive](of a group of people, animals or things) to move apart very quickly in different directions; to make people or animals do this （人群、动物或事物）迅速散开；使分散；驱散◆At the first gunshot, the crowd scattered.枪一响，人群便四散奔逃了。◆He banged his fist on the table and the chess pieces scattered over the floor.他在桌子上猛击一拳，象棋子纷纷散落到地上。◆The explosion scattered a flock of birds roosting in the trees.爆炸声把栖息在树丛中的鸟群惊飞了。■ part [intransitive, transitive] (rather formal, written) (of two things or two parts of sth) to move apart; to make two things or two parts of sth move apart （两件东西或某物的两个部分）分开；使分开；解散◆The crowds parted in front of them.人群在他们面前分开了。◆The elevator doors parted and out stepped the President.电梯门打开了，总统从里面走了出来。◆Her lips were slightly parted.她的嘴唇微微张开。◆She parted the curtains a little and looked out.她把窗帘扒开个缝向外张望。 divide2 verb cells divide/divide sth up into sections 细胞分裂；把某物分成几部分The issue has divided the government. 这个问题在政府中引起了意见分歧。divide ♦︎ split ♦︎ alienate ♦︎ separate ♦︎ be/become estranged ♦︎ come between sb and sbThese words all mean to make people disagree or become emotionally distant from each other. 这些词均表示使人意见分歧或感情疏远。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to be divided / split over sth◆to be alienated / estranged from sb◆to be increasingly divided / split / alienated / separated / estranged◆to be deeply divided / split◆to be totally alienated / separated◆to be completely separated / estranged■ divide [transitive](of an issue) to make two or more people disagree （议题）使产生分歧，使意见不一◆The issue has bitterly divided the community.这个问题在该区居民中引起了强烈的意见分歧。◆The government is divided on the question of tax cuts.政府在减税问题上产生了分歧。■ split (splitting, split, split) [intransitive, transitive] to divide into smaller groups that have very different opinions; (of an issue) to make a group of people do this 分裂，使分裂（成不同的派别）；（议题）使产生分歧◆The committee split over government subsidies.在政府补贴问题上，委员会出现了相互对立的意见。◆The debate has split the country down the middle.那场争论把这个国家分成了两大派。NOTE 辨析 Divide or split? Divide suggests that the disagreement may be temporary; if two or more people split, the disagreement may be permanent. Divide is not usually used in this meaning without an object. * divide暗示意见分歧是暂时性的，split则暗示意见分歧可能是永久性的。divide用于此义时通常接宾语。■ alienate / /ˈeɪliəneɪt/ / [transitive] (rather formal) to make sb feel that they do not belong in a particular group 使（与某群体）格格不入；使疏远◆Very talented children may feel alienated from the others in their class.天资出众的孩子可能觉得与班上的同学格格不入。◆It is important that the new policies do not alienate our core supporters.重要的是新政策不会使我们的主要拥护者离我们而去。■ separate [transitive] to make sb/sth different in some way from sb/sth else 区分；区别◆Politics is the only thing that separates us (= that we disagree about).我们之间唯一的分歧在于政治观点。◆Her lack of religious faith separated her from the rest of her family.她缺乏宗教信仰，这使她跟家里的人格格不入。◆Only four points separate the top three teams.领先的三支球队只相差四分。■ be estranged■ become estranged [intransitive] (rather formal) to no longer be, or to stop being, friendly, loyal or in contact with sb, especially sb in your family 变得（与某人，尤其是家人）疏远；断绝联系◆He became estranged from his family after the argument.那场争吵后他便与家人疏远了。■ ˌcome beˈtween sb and sb phrasal verb (came, come) [no passive] to damage a relationship between two people 损害⋯之间的关系；离间◆I'd hate anything to come between us.我不喜欢任何有损我们之间关系的事情。◆Must she always come between us?她干吗非得离间我们？ⓘ The subject of come between sb and sb can be a person, a problem, a feeling, a belief, an argument, a situation or almost anything. * come between sb and sb的主语几乎可以是任何事物，如人、问题、感情、信仰、论点、局势等。 divorce verb divorce ♦︎ break (sth) up ♦︎ split up ♦︎ disband ♦︎ separate ♦︎ split ♦︎ get divorcedThese words all refer to people ending a relationship, especially a romantic one. 这些词均表示结束关系，尤其是婚恋关系。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to break up / split up / split with sb◆to split up / separate / split from sb◆a couple divorces / breaks up / splits up / separates / splits / gets divorced◆a group breaks up / splits up / disbands / splits◆a partnership breaks up / splits up◆to have recently divorced / split up / (been) disbanded■ divorce [transitive, intransitive] to legally end your marriage to sb （与某人）离婚◆She's divorcing her husband.她在与丈夫闹离婚。◆I'd heard they're divorcing.我听说他们要离婚了。 see also divorced ⇨ single ▸ divorce noun [uncountable, countable] ◆The marriage ended in divorce.这桩婚姻以离婚告终。◆They have agreed to get a divorce.他们已同意离婚。■ ˌbreak ˈup ■ ˌbreak sth ˈup phrasal verb (broke, broken)(of a relationship) to come to an end; to end a relationship or business company （关系）结束；（同某人）绝交；解散（公司）◆Their marriage has broken up.他们的婚姻已经破裂。◆My brother has broken up with his girlfriend.我哥哥和女友分手了。◆They decided to break up the partnership (= in business).他们决定拆伙。▸ ˈbreak-up noun [countable] ◆family break-ups家庭破裂◆the break-up of the company公司的解散■ ˌsplit ˈup phrasal verb (rather informal) (splitting, split, split)to end a relationship with sb （和某人）断绝关系，分手◆My parents split up last year.我父母去年离婚了。◆She's split up with her boyfriend.她和男朋友分手了。NOTE 辨析 Break up or split up?People or a marriage or relationship can break up and it can refer to a personal or a business relationship. Only people can split up and it usually refers to a personal relationship. * break up的主语可以是人或marriage、relationship，指结束人际或生意关系。split up的主语只能是人，通常指断绝人际关系。■ disband / /dɪsˈbænd/ / [transitive, intransitive] (rather formal) to stop sb/sth from operating as a group; to separate or no longer operate as a group 解散；解体；散伙◆They set about disbanding the terrorist groups.他们开始着手瓦解恐怖主义组织。◆The committee formally disbanded last year.该委员会于去年正式解散。■ separate / /ˈsepəreɪt/ / [intransitive] to stop living as a couple with your husband, wife or partner 分居◆He separated from his wife after 20 years of marriage.他和妻子在结婚20年后分居了。◆They separated last year.他们去年分居了。 see also separated ⇨ single ▸ separation noun [countable, uncountable] ◆a legal separation合法分居◆She would not consider separation or divorce.她不会考虑分居或离婚。■ split (splitting, split, split) [intransitive] (rather informal, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) to leave sb and stop having a relationship with them （和某人）断绝关系，分手；离开（某人）◆The singer split with his wife last June.那歌手去年6月和妻子分开了。◆She intends to split from the band at the end of the tour.她打算在巡回演出结束后离开乐队。ⓘ Split is used especially in newspapers and can refer to personal or business relationships, especially when one person takes the decision to leave. * split尤用于报章，指断绝人际或生意关系，尤指有一人决定离开的情况。■ ˌget diˈvorced phrase (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten)to legally end your marriage to sb 离婚◆They're getting divorced.他们在办离婚。◆People get divorced nowadays more than they used to.现在人们的离婚率比过去提高了。 see also divorced ⇨ single NOTE 辨析 Divorce or get divorced?One person can divorce another person, but get divorced usually refers to an action by two people. 可以说A divorce B，但get divorced的主语通常是两个人◆She divorced her husband last year.她去年与丈夫离婚了。◆They got divorced last year.他们去年离婚了。You can, however, use be divorced from sb. 然而与某人离婚可使用be divorced from sb◆She is divorced from the boy's father.她跟那男孩的父亲离婚了。When there is no object either divorce or get divorced may be used, but get divorced is more common in spoken English. 在不接宾语的情况下，divorce或get divorced都可使用，只是get divorced更常用于口语。 particular adjective particular ♦︎ certain ♦︎ separate ♦︎ specific ♦︎ individual ♦︎ single ♦︎ respective ♦︎ distinctThese words are all used to talk about one person or thing, not others. 这些词均表示特定的、个别的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sth is separate / distinct from sth else◆a particular / certain / specific / individual person◆a particular / a certain / a separate / a specific / an individual / a single / a distinct category / region◆respective categories / regions◆a particular / certain / separate / specific / single event / incident / occasion◆a particular / certain / separate / specific location◆particular / certain / separate / individual / single / distinct components◆particular / certain / specific / individual / respective / distinct needs / requirements◆a particular / certain / specific / single / distinct context◆respective contexts◆a particular / certain / specific / single / distinct objective / purpose◆a particular / certain / specific date◆respective dates◆a particular / a separate / an individual / a single / a distinct strand◆a / an separate / individual / single / distinct entity◆a particular / a certain / a separate / a specific / an individual / a distinct type of sth◆a particular / certain / specific / distinct kind of sth◆quite separate / specific / distinct■ particular [only before noun] used to emphasize that you are referring only to one person, thing or type of thing and not others 专指的，特指的（与泛指相对）◆There is one particular patient I'd like you to see.我想让你见一个病人。◆The policy seems to discriminate against particular groups of people.这一政策似乎对某些群体有歧视。◆Here, in no particular order (= the order is not important and has not been deliberately chosen), is a selection of readers' comments.这里挑选了部分读者的意见，排序不分先后。▸ particularly adverb ◆Traffic is bad, particularly on the way into town.交通状态很差，尤其是进城方向。◆I enjoyed the play, particularly the second half.我喜欢那个剧，尤其是后半部。■ certain [only before noun] used to mention a particular thing, person or group without giving any more details about it/them （不提及细节时用）某个，某些，某种◆Certain people might disagree with this.某些人对这事可能有异议。◆They refused to release their hostages unless certain conditions were met.除非某些条件得到满足，否则他们拒绝释放人质。ⓘ In formal English certain can be used when mentioning a person who has been named but who is not known. 在正式英语中，certain可指知其姓名不知其人的情况◆It was a certain Dr Davis who performed the operation.是一位叫戴维斯的医生做的手术。 ■ separate forming a unit by itself; not with or joined to sth else; (of several things of the same type) different and not connected 单独的；独立的；不同的；不相关的◆They sleep in separate bedrooms.他们睡在各自的卧室。◆Raw meat must be kept separate from cooked meat.生肉和熟肉必须分开存放。◆Write a list of names on a separate piece of paper.将名单写在另一张纸上。◆It happened on three separate occasions.这事在三个不同的场合发生过。◆For the past three years they have been leading totally separate lives.三年来，他们完全是各过各的生活。OPP joint , communal ⇨ common ▸ separately adverb ◆They were photographed separately and then as a group.他们先拍单人照，再拍合照。◆That matter will be considered separately from the main agenda.那件事将单独考虑，不列入主要议程。■ specific / /spəˈsɪfɪk/ / [usually before noun] connected with one particular thing or type of thing, especially one that is very well defined and different from others in important details （尤指因界定清楚、重要细节不同）特定的◆Each debate will focus on a specific political issue.每场辩论将聚焦一个特定的政治问题。◆The money was collected for a specific purpose.收取这笔钱是有特定用途的。▸ specifically adverb ◆a magazine aimed specifically at working women专门面向职业妇女的杂志NOTE 辨析 Particular or specific?A particular person, group or thing is that one and not a different one: John, not Mary; the French, not the Germans; that book, not this one. A specific group or thing is a particular one in all its details, not a general group or type of which this is one example: school children with learning difficulties, not school children in general; the issue of long-term unemployment in declining industrial centres, not the issue of unemployment in general. * particular指人、团体或事情是此非彼，如约翰，不是玛丽；法国人，不是德国人；那本书，不是这本书。specific指团体或事物是独特的，而不是普遍的，如学习上有困难的学生，不是一般的学生；衰落的工业区的长期失业问题，不是一般的失业问题。■ individual [only before noun] considered separately rather than as part of a group 单独的；个别的◆We interviewed each individual member of the community.我们采访了每个社区成员。◆The minister refused to comment on individual cases.部长拒绝对个别事件发表评论。 OPP collective ⇨ common see also individual ⇨ own ▸ individually adverb ◆individually wrapped chocolates独立包装的巧克力■ single [only before noun] used to emphasize that you are referring to one particular person or thing on its own （用于强调）一个的，单个的◆Unemployment is the single most important factor in the rising crime rates.失业是犯罪率日益上升最重要的一个因素。◆We eat rice every single day.我们天天吃米饭。▸ singly adverb ◆The stamps are available singly or in books of ten.邮票有单枚的，也有十枚一册的。■ respective / /rɪˈspektɪv/ / [only before noun] (usually used before a plural noun 通常用于复数名词前) (rather formal) belonging or relating separately to each of the people or things already mentioned 分别的；各自的◆They are each recognized as specialists in their respective fields.他们在各自的领域都被视为专家。▸ respectively adverb ◆Julie Wilson and Mark Thomas, aged 17 and 19 respectively朱莉•威尔逊和马克•托马斯，年龄分别是17岁和19岁■ distinct / /dɪˈstɪŋkt/ / clearly different or of a different kind 截然不同的；不同种类的◆The results of the survey fell into two distinct groups.调查结果分为截然不同的两种。◆Jamaican reggae music is quite distinct from North American jazz or blues.牙买加的雷盖音乐完全不同于北美的爵士乐或蓝调。◆We are talking about rural areas, as distinct from major cities.我们现在谈论的是乡村，与大城市截然不同。 |