shadow noun ⇨darkness (standing in the shadows)⇨shape (cast a shadow on the wall)
darkness
noun
darkness ♦︎ the dark ♦︎ shadow ♦︎ shade ♦︎ gloom ♦︎ blacknessThese are all words for the state of not being light or bright.这些词均表示暗淡或昏暗的状态。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in / into / out of the darkness / dark / shadows / shade / gloom / blackness◆through the darkness / dark / shadows / gloom / blackness◆deep darkness / shadow / shade / gloom◆the gathering darkness / dark / shadows / gloom◆pitch darkness / dark / blackness◆to peer into the darkness / dark / shadows / gloom / blackness◆to adjust to the darkness / dark / gloom◆your eyes become accustomed to the darkness / dark / gloom◆to be shrouded in / plunged into darkness / shadow / gloom◆light and darkness / dark / shadow / shade■darkness [uncountable] the state of being dark, without any light; the quality or state of being dark in colour黑暗；昏暗；深色◆After a few minutes our eyes got used to the darkness.几分钟后我们的眼睛适应了黑暗。◆In the west the sun went down and darkness fell(= it became night).夕阳西下，夜幕降临。◆They managed to escape under cover of darkness.在夜色的掩护下他们设法逃走了。◆It depends on the darkness of your skin.这取决于你肤色的深浅。OPPlight ⇨ lightnoun1■the dark [singular] the lack of light in a place, especially because it is night（尤指夜晚的）黑暗◆All the lights went out and we were left in the dark.灯全熄了，我们周围一片黑暗。◆Are the children afraid of the dark?孩子们怕黑吗？◆They say that eating carrots helps you see in the dark.据说吃胡萝卜有助于我们在黑暗中看清东西。ⓘ Before/after dark means 'before/after the sun goes down and it is night'. * before/after dark表示天黑前或天黑后◆She won't go out alone after dark.天黑后她不会单独外出。ⓘ Dark [uncountable] is an amount of sth that is dark in colour. * dark作不可数名词时表示暗色、阴影◆We examined the patterns of light and dark in the painting.我们仔细研究了这幅油画中光影的构图。OPPlight ⇨ lightnoun1■shadow [uncountable] ( shadows [plural]) darkness in a place or on sth, especially so that you cannot easily see who or what is there昏暗处；阴暗处◆His face was deep in shadow, turned away from her.他别过脸面向暗处，背对着她。◆I thought I saw a figure standing in the shadows.我好像看见阴暗处站着一个人。 see also shadow ⇨ shapenoun■shade [uncountable] an area that is dark and cool under or behind sth, for example under a tree or building, because the sun's light does not get to it; the dark areas in a picture, especially the use of these to produce variety背阴处；阴凉处；（图画的）阴影部分◆We sat down in the shade of the tree.我们在树荫里坐了下来。◆The temperature can reach 40°C in the shade.背阴处温度可达40摄氏度。◆The trees provide shade for the animals in the summer.夏天，这些树为动物提供遮阴的地方。◆The painting needs more light and shade.这幅油画需要增强明暗层次。OPPsun ⇨ sun, light ⇨ lightnoun1■gloom / /gluːm/ / [uncountable] (literary) almost total darkness幽暗；黑暗；昏暗◆We watched the boats come back in the gathering gloom.我们看着船只在渐浓的暮色中返航。OPPbrightness ⇨ lightnoun1 see also gloomy ⇨ dim2■blackness [uncountable] the state or quality of being dark or black黑；黑色；黑暗◆She peered out into the inky blackness of the night.她凝视着外面漆黑的夜色。◆His bright silk tie contrasted with the blackness of his hair.他那鲜艳的丝领带跟他乌黑的头发形成了对比。
shape
noun
shape ♦︎ figure ♦︎ form ♦︎ shadow ♦︎ outline ♦︎ profile ♦︎ silhouette ♦︎ line ♦︎ contourThese are all words for the physical form or appearance of sb/sth, especially the shape of the outer edges of sb/sth.这些词均表示人或物体的体形、外形、轮廓。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆in shape / form / outline / profile / silhouette◆a tall shape / figure / form / shadow / silhouette◆a slender shape / figure / form◆a black / dark shape / figure / shadow / outline / profile / silhouette◆a shadowy shape / figure / form / outline◆a ghostly shape / figure / form / shadow◆(a) sleek shape / outline / profile / lines◆(a) sharp outline / lines / contours◆to make out / see a shape / a figure / a form / an outline / a silhouette◆to trace a shape / an outline / the line / the contours■shape [countable, uncountable] the form of the outer edges or surfaces of sth; an example of sth that has a particular form; a person or thing that is difficult to see clearly形状；外形；呈某种形状的事物；模糊的影子◆The building has a rectangular shape.这座建筑呈长方形。◆The pool was in the shape of a heart.游泳池呈心形。◆The island was originally circular in shape.这个岛原先为圆形。◆Candles come in all shapes and sizes.蜡烛有各种形状和尺寸。◆You can recognize the fish by the shape of their fins.你可以根据鳍的形状来辨认这种鱼。◆This old T-shirt has completely lost its shape.这件旧T恤衫已经穿得完全走样了。■figure [countable] the shape of a person seen from a distance or not clearly（远处的人的）轮廓；（隐约可见的）人影◆There before him stood a tall figure in black.站在他面前的是一个穿黑衣的高个子。 see also figure ⇨ body1■form [countable] the shape of sb/sth; a person or thing of which only the shape can be seen形状；体形；（模糊的）外形，人影◆Her slender form and graceful movements entranced him.她那苗条的身段和优雅的动作使他着迷。◆The human form has changed little over the last 30 000 years.3万多年以来，人的体形没有多大变化。◆They made out a shadowy form in front of them.他们隐约看见前面有个模糊人影。 see also form ⇨ formnoun1■shadow [countable] a dark shape that sb/sth's form makes on a surface, for example on the ground, when they are between the light and the surface阴影；影子◆The children were having fun, chasing each other's shadows.孩子们追逐着彼此的影子，玩得很开心。◆The ship's sail cast a shadow on the water.船帆在水面上投下一片影子。◆The shadows lengthened as the sun went down.随着太阳西下，影子越拉越长。 see also shadow ⇨ darkness■outline / /ˈaʊtlaɪn/ / [countable] the line that goes around the edge of sth, showing its main shape but not the details轮廓（线）◆At last we could see the dim outline of an island.我们终于能看到一座小岛朦胧的轮廓了。 see also outline ⇨ summary■profile / /ˈprəʊfaɪl; NAmEˈproʊfaɪl/ [countable] the outline of a person's face when you look from the side, not the front面部的侧影；侧面轮廓◆He turned his head so his strong profile was facing the camera.他转过头去，于是他那轮廓清晰的侧影就正对着镜头了。◆The portrait shows her in profile.这幅画像展现了她的侧面轮廓。■silhouette /ˌsɪluˈet/ / [countable, uncountable] the dark outline or shape of a person or object that you see against a light background; the shape of a person's body or an object（浅色背景衬托出的）暗色轮廓；（人的）体形；（物体的）形状◆The trees were black silhouettes against the pale sky.灰色天空映衬出树木的黑色轮廓。◆The mountains stood out in silhouette.群山的轮廓衬托了出来。◆The dress is fitted to give you a flattering silhouette.这件连衣裙的裁剪可以令你显得身段优美。■line [countable] the edge, outline or shape of sth, especially sth that has been designed or created（尤指设计或创造出的物体的）边线，轮廓线，形体，形状◆With its sleek lines and powerful engine, the XK8 is the definition of a luxury sports car.XK8跑车线条流畅、动力强劲，堪称豪华跑车之典范。◆He traced the line of her jaw with his finger.他用手指抚摸她下巴的外缘。■contour /ˈkɒntʊə(r); NAmEˈkɑːntʊr/ [countable] (written) the outer edges of sth; the outline of its shape or form外形；轮廓◆The road follows the natural contours of the coastline.这条路沿着海岸线的自然轮廓延伸。