| 例句 |
sorry adj.
⇨ sorry (say sorry) ⇨ unfortunate 2 (a sorry sight) ⇨ upset (sorry to hear the news) ⇨ be/feel sorry for sb ⇨ sorry for sb sorry adjective sorry ♦︎ I'm afraid ♦︎ bad ♦︎ guilty ♦︎ apologetic ♦︎ ashamedThese words all describe people who feel sad because of sth wrong they have done or because of sth unpleasant or disappointing that has happened. 这些词均表示歉疚的、遗憾的。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达歉疚的程度| I'm afraid | ➔ | sorry | ➔ | guilty | | apologetic | | bad | | ashamed |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sorry / bad / guilty / apologetic / ashamed about sth◆to feel sorry / bad / guilty / ashamed that...◆I'm sorry / afraid that...◆to feel bad / guilty / apologetic / ashamed◆to look guilty / apologetic / ashamed◆very sorry / bad / guilty / apologetic / ashamed◆deeply sorry / apologetic / ashamed◆really / quite / rather sorry / bad / guilty / ashamed◆almost / slightly guilty / apologetic / ashamed■ sorry [not before noun] (especially spoken) feeling sadness and shame about sth wrong that you have done 歉疚；惭愧；过意不去◆We're very sorry about the damage to your car.损坏了你的汽车，我们真是过意不去。◆She was sorry that she'd lost her temper.她为自己发了脾气而感到愧疚。◆If you say you're sorry we'll forgive you.你要是道歉，我们就原谅你。ⓘ If you say I'm/We're sorry you mean that you realize that you have done wrong and that you would like sb to forgive you. If you tell sb that they should say sorry, you mean that they should do this. If you say that sb is sorry that sth has happened, you mean that they regret it, and that they wish that it hadn't happened. 自己说I'm/We're sorry，表示自己认识到做错了事而道歉；让某人say sorry，表示他们应该道歉；说某人be sorry that ...则表示他们感到遗憾，并希望这事没有发生。■ I'm afraid idiom (spoken) used as a polite way of telling sb sth that is unpleasant or disappointing, or that you are sorry about （礼貌地说出令人不快、失望或感到遗憾的事）我怕，恐怕，很遗憾，对不起◆I can't help you, I'm afraid.对不起，我帮不了你的忙。◆I'm afraid we can't come.很遗憾，我们来不了。◆'Is there any left?' 'I'm afraid not.'“还有剩的没有？”“恐怕没有。”◆'Will it hurt?' 'I'm afraid so.'“痛不痛？”“恐怕会痛。”■ bad (always used after the verb feel 总是用在动词feel后面) (rather informal, especially spoken) feeling shame because you have done sth that you know is wrong or have not done sth that you should have done 感到愧疚；感到羞愧◆She felt bad about leaving him.她因离开他而感到歉疚。◆Why should I want to make you feel bad?我干吗要让你自责呢？■ guilty feeling shame because you have done sth wrong or have not done sth that you should have done 感到内疚的；感到惭愧的◆I felt guilty about not visiting my parents more often.我因没能多去看望父母而感到内疚。◆I had a guilty conscience and could not sleep.我问心有愧，睡不着觉。 see also guilt ⇨ guilt ■ apologetic /əˌpɒləˈdʒetɪk; NAmE əˌpɑːləˈdʒetɪk/ feeling or showing that you are sorry for having done sth wrong or for causing a problem 道歉的；谢罪的；愧疚的◆'Sorry,' she said, with an apologetic smile.她歉然一笑，说：“对不起。”◆They were very apologetic about the trouble they'd caused.他们对所惹的麻烦深感愧疚。 see also apologize ⇨ apologize ▸ apologetically adverb ◆'I'm sorry I'm late,' he murmured apologetically.“对不起，我迟到了。”他小声道歉。■ ashamed [not before noun] feeling shame or embarrassment about sb/sth or because of sth you have done 惭愧；羞愧；尴尬◆She was deeply ashamed of her behaviour at the party.她对自己在聚会上的行为深感惭愧。◆You should be ashamed of yourself for telling such lies.你撒这种谎应该感到羞愧。OPP shameless , unabashed , unashamed ⇨ cool see also shame ⇨ guilt unfortunate2 adjective an unfortunate person 不幸的人an unfortunate situation 令人遗憾的状况unfortunate ♦︎ pity ♦︎ a shame ♦︎ pathetic ♦︎ too bad ♦︎ sad ♦︎ sorry ♦︎ feeble ♦︎ regrettableThese words all describe things that are weak, useless or not successful, or that make you feel disappointed. 这些词均表示不奏效的、可怜的、令人遗憾的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆It's a pity / a shame / too bad about sb / sth.◆unfortunate / a pity / a shame / pathetic / too bad / regrettable that...◆an unfortunate / a pathetic / a sad / a sorry sight / story / state (of affairs)◆an unfortunate / a sad / a sorry affair / business / episode / saga / tale / plight◆rather unfortunate / a pity / a shame / pathetic / feeble / regrettable◆pretty / a bit / a little unfortunate / pathetic / feeble◆very unfortunate / feeble / regrettable◆a great / real / terrible pity / shame◆What a pity / shame.■ unfortunate that you wish had not happened or had happened differently; embarrassing and/or offensive 令人遗憾的；可惜的；令人尴尬的；不适当的◆It was unfortunate that he couldn't speak English.可惜他不会讲英语。◆It was an unfortunate choice of words.那是一种不恰当的措辞。OPP fortunate ⇨ timely ▸ unfortunately adverb ◆Unfortunately I won't be able to attend the meeting.真可惜我不能参加这次会议。■ pity noun ( usually 通常作 a pity) [singular] (especially spoken) used to say that sth is a cause for feeling sad or disappointed 令人惋惜的事；让人遗憾的事◆It's a pity that you can't stay longer.你不能再多停留些时间，真是遗憾。◆'I've lost it!' 'Oh, what a pity.'“我把东西弄丢了！”“哎呀，真可惜。”◆It seems a pity to waste this food.浪费这些食物真可惜。◆Oh, that's a pity.唉，那可真遗憾。◆It would be a great pity if you gave up now.你要是现在放弃，那就太可惜了。■ shame noun ( usually 通常作 a shame) [singular] (rather informal, especially spoken) used to say that sth is a cause for feeling sad or disappointed 令人惋惜的事；让人遗憾的事◆It's such a shame that she wasn't here to see it.真可惜她不能在这儿亲眼看看。◆What a shame they couldn't come.他们不能来了，真是遗憾。◆It would be a crying shame (= a great shame) to let all that talent go to waste.听任那样的天赋浪费掉，该多可惜。NOTE 辨析 Pity or shame?Both pity and shame are more frequent in spoken than written English, but shame is far more frequent in spoken English than pity. * pity和shame用于口语均多于书面语，但shame用于口语较pity多得多。■ pathetic / /pəˈθetɪk/ / (informal, disapproving) (of a person or their attempt to do sth) weak, useless or not successful, often in a way that makes other people not respect them （人或其做某事的尝试）无力的，无效的，不成功的（常导致他人瞧不起）◆That was an absolutely pathetic excuse.那是个极其牵强的借口。◆I know it sounds pathetic, but I can't ride a bike.我知道这听上去显得我很不济，但我真不会骑自行车。◆You're pathetic!你真窝囊！▸ pathetically adverb ◆His attempt to fool the guard was pathetically unconvincing.他企图欺骗门卫，但毫不足信。■ too bad idiom (informal, spoken) a shame; a pity 遗憾；可惜◆Too bad every day can't be as good as this.真可惜不是每一天都像今天这么好。ⓘ Too bad is often used ironically to say 'bad luck' or 'it's a shame' when you do not really mean it. * too bad常用作反语，等于说bad luck或It's a shame，实际上并无同情之意◆ (ironic) If sometimes they're the wrong decisions, too bad.如果碰巧这些决定是错误的，那可就太不幸了。 ■ sad [only before noun] (often disapproving) deserving or inviting criticism; making you feel pity 该受批评的；招致责难的；令人遗憾的◆This sad state of affairs does not have to continue.这种糟糕的局面不必继续下去。◆It's a sad fact that many of those killed were children.让人难以接受的是遇难者中很多是孩子。▸ sadly adverb ◆If you think I'm going to help you again, you're sadly mistaken.你要是以为我还会再帮你，那你就大错特错了。■ sorry [only before noun] making you feel pity or disapproval 悲惨的；破败的；可怜的◆The business is in a sorry state.公司处境堪忧。◆They were a sorry sight when they eventually got off the boat.他们最终从船上下来，一副惨兮兮的样子。NOTE 辨析 Sad or sorry?In many cases you can use either word. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用◆a sad / sorry affair / business / episode / story / tale / saga / plight / sight糟糕的事情／生意／插曲；悲惨的小说／故事；一连串悲惨的事件；苦境；惨象However, sorry is used more often when you feel pity, and sad is used more often when you feel disapproval. Sad, but not sorry, is often used with words which refer to a sign that sth exists in a society or system: truth, reality, fact, comment, example, indictment, reflection and reminder. 不过，sorry较常表示令人感到惋惜的，sad较常表示令人不满的。sad常与反映某事物存在于某一社会或制度的词连用，如truth、reality、fact、comment、example、indictment、reflection和reminder，但sorry不能这样用。 ■ feeble (of a person or their attempt to do sth) weak, useless or not successful （人或其做某事的尝试）无力的，无效的，不成功的◆He told a few feeble jokes.他讲了几个干巴巴的笑话。◆Don't be so feeble! Tell her you don't want to go.别那么软弱！告诉她你不想去。NOTE 辨析 Pathetic or feeble? Pathetic is more informal than feeble and can show stronger disapproval or contempt (= lack of respect). * pathetic较feeble非正式，可表示更强烈的反对或蔑视。■ regrettable (formal) that you are sorry about and wish had not happened 令人惋惜的；可惜的；令人遗憾的◆It is regrettable that the police were not informed sooner.遗憾的是没有早些报警。◆The loss of jobs is highly regrettable.失去工作非常令人遗憾。▸ regrettably adverb ◆Regrettably, crime has been increasing in this area.令人遗憾的是这一地区的犯罪率在不断上升。NOTE 辨析 Unfortunate or regrettable?Both unfortunate and regrettable can be used to describe things that happen and collocates include incident, occurrence, error, consequence and tendency. However, sth that is regrettable is usually considered to have been at least partly within sb's control: the use of regrettable suggests that sb wishes to accept some blame, or blame sb else. Sth that is unfortunate is more often considered to be the result of bad luck. * unfortunate和regrettable均可描述发生之事，搭配词有incident、occurrence、error、consequence和tendency。不过，regrettable所描述之事通常被视为至少部分在某人的控制之内，意味着某人愿意为此受责，或想责怪他人。unfortunate所描述之事较常被视为运气不好所致。 upset adjective upset ♦︎ sorry ♦︎ distressed ♦︎ devastated ♦︎ hurt ♦︎ distraught ♦︎ dismayed ♦︎ anguishedThese words all describe sb who is unhappy, shocked or disappointed because sth unpleasant has happened. 这些词均表示难过的、震惊的、失望的。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达难过的程度| upset | ➔ | distressed | ➔ | devastated | | sorry | | anguished | | distraught | | hurt | | | | | | dismayed | | | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆upset / distressed / devastated / hurt / dismayed by sth◆upset / distressed / devastated / dismayed at sth◆upset / sorry / distressed / devastated about sth◆upset / sorry / distressed / devastated / hurt / distraught / dismayed that...◆to be sorry / distressed / devastated / dismayed to see / hear / find, etc....◆a distressed / distraught mother / relative◆to feel upset / sorry / distressed / devastated / hurt / dismayed◆to look upset / distressed / devastated / hurt / distraught / dismayed / anguished◆very upset / sorry / distressed / hurt◆deeply upset / distressed / hurt◆extremely upset / sorry / distressed / distraught◆absolutely / completely devastated / distraught◆too upset / distressed / distraught to do sth■ upset [not before noun] unhappy or disappointed because of sth unpleasant that has happened 难过；失望；沮丧◆There's no point getting upset about it.犯不着为这事难过。◆I think she may be a bit upset with you.我想她可能对你有点儿失望。◆She was upset that he had left without saying goodbye.他不辞而别，让她很难过。 see also upset ⇨ hurt 1 , upsetting ⇨ painful 2 ■ sorry [not before noun] feeling sad and sympathetic because of sth unpleasant that has happened to sb else （因别人的不幸）难过，惋惜，同情◆I'm sorry that your husband lost his job.你丈夫丢了工作，我很惋惜。◆We're sorry to hear that your father's in hospital again.听说你父亲又住院了，我们心里很不好受。◆No one is sorrier than I am about what happened.发生了这样的事，我比谁都难过。 OPP glad , happy ⇨ glad see also sympathetic ⇨ sensitive 1 ■ distressed / /dɪˈstrest/ / very upset 烦恼的；忧虑的；苦恼的◆He was too distressed and confused to answer their questions.他非常苦恼且困惑，无法回答他们的问题。◆She was in a somewhat distressed state when she came to see me.她来看我的时候显得有些烦恼。 see also distress ⇨ distress noun , distress ⇨ hurt 1 , distressing ⇨ painful 2 ■ devastated / /ˈdevəsteɪtɪd/ / (rather informal) extremely upset or shocked by sth 极度不安的；极为震惊的◆I felt devastated at losing my job.丢了工作让我备受打击。◆His family is absolutely devastated.他的家人感到极为震惊。 see also devastating ⇨ disastrous ■ hurt upset and offended by sth that sb has said or done 感情上受伤的◆a hurt look / expression伤心的眼神／表情◆She was deeply hurt that she had not been invited.她未被邀请，感到十分难过。◆Martha's hurt pride showed in her eyes.从玛莎的眼睛里可以看出她的自尊受到了伤害。 see also hurt ⇨ distress noun , hurt ⇨ hurt 1 ■ distraught / /dɪˈstrɔːt/ / extremely upset and anxious so that you cannot think clearly and cannot be calmed 心烦意乱的；心急如焚的；发狂的◆She's still too distraught to talk about the tragedy.她还是心乱如麻，根本无法谈起那个悲剧。◆The child's distraught parents pleaded for witnesses to contact the police.那孩子忧心如焚的父母恳求目击者同警方联系。■ dismayed / /dɪsˈmeɪd/ / shocked and disappointed by sth 诧异；惊愕；失望◆He was dismayed at the change in his old friend.他对老朋友变化之大感到震惊。◆They were dismayed to find that the ferry had already left.他们发现渡船已经离开，感到很失望。 see also dismay ⇨ shock noun 1 , dismay ⇨ shock verb ■ anguished / /ˈæŋgwɪʃt/ / (rather formal) showing great pain or mental suffering 剧痛的；极度痛苦的◆She read the letter, gave an anguished cry and collapsed.她读了那封信后发出一声悲痛欲绝的叫喊，晕倒在地。◆He looked across at Kate's anguished face.他仔细打量着凯特那张痛苦不堪的脸。 see also anguish ⇨ distress noun be/feel sorry for sb idiom be/feel sorry for sb ♦︎ pity ♦︎ sympathize ♦︎ commiserate ♦︎ feel for sbThese words all mean to feel sad about sb else's problems. 这些词均表示怜悯、同情。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to sympathize / commiserate with sb◆to really feel sorry for / sympathize (with sb) / feel for sb◆It's easy / difficult / hard (not) to feel sorry for sb / sympathize (with sb).■ be ˈsorry for sb■ feel ˈsorry for sb idiom to feel sad for sb because they are in a bad situation or sth bad has happened to them 怜悯；同情◆I'm sorry for those poor boys, working in that horrible place.那些男孩得在那种糟糕的地方干活，真可怜。◆He decided to help Jan as he felt sorry for her.他决定帮助简，因为他同情她。ⓘ Be/feel sorry for sb is much more frequent than the other verbs in this group, especially in everyday and spoken language. You can be/feel very/extremely/so sorry for sb, quite/rather sorry for sb or a bit/slightly sorry for sb. You can also feel sorry for yourself. This is an informal and disapproving expression. * be/feel sorry for sb比本组词汇中其他动词都更常用，特别是在日常生活和口语中。sorry前面可用very/extremely/so、quite/rather或a bit/slightly。也可以说feel sorry for yourself，这是个非正式且带贬义的说法◆Stop feeling sorry for yourself and think about other people for a change.别老觉得自己委屈了，也替别人想想吧。 ■ pity verb [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to feel sorry for sb because of their situation 同情；怜悯；可怜◆I pity her having to work such long hours.她的工作时间那么长，真让我同情。◆Compulsive gamblers are more to be pitied than condemned.对嗜赌成瘾者要多同情，少谴责。 see also pity ⇨ sympathy noun ■ sympathize (BrE also sympathise) / /ˈsɪmpəθaɪz/ / verb [intransitive] to feel sorry for sb because you understand how they feel; to show that you understand and feel sorry about sb's problems 同情◆I find it very hard to sympathize with him.我觉得很难去同情他。◆I think we can all sympathize with her dilemma.我想我们都能同情她的窘境。 see also sympathy ⇨ sympathy , sympathetic ⇨ sensitive 1 , empathize ⇨ understand 2 NOTE 辨析 Pity or sympathize? Pity is a stronger word and is used in more serious situations. * pity语气较强且用于更严重的场合◆'I've got a terrible headache.' 'I can sympathize. I had one yesterday.'“我头痛得很厉害。”“我能理解。昨天我也头痛了。”◆I pity that poor child, left all alone without her parents.我同情那个可怜的孩子，父母不在，独自一人。If you sympathize with sb, you understand how they feel and can imagine yourself in the same situation. Pity does not suggest this understanding, and can suggest a lack of respect for sb or a feeling of being superior. * sympathize表示理解他人的感受，并能感同身受；pity不含此意，反而可能有对他人缺乏尊重或者自觉高人一等的意味◆He pitied people who were stuck in dead-end jobs (= and was pleased with himself because he was not stuck in a dead-end job).他怜悯那些工作没有前途的人。People will be grateful if you say I sympathize with you, but they may not be pleased if you say I pity you. 如果说I sympathize with you，对方会心存感激，但如果说I pity you，对方可能会不高兴◆He lied to you again and again and you just kept on forgiving him. I pity you.他一再对你撒谎，可你总是原谅他。我真可怜你。◆She gave me a pitying look, which just made me feel even worse.她给我一个垂怜的眼神，这反倒让我更难受。You pity a person, but you can sympathize with a person or their situation. * pity直接接表示人的名词作宾语，sympathize则先加with，再接表示人或其处境的名词作宾语◆I can really sympathize.我真的很理解。◆I can really sympathize with her.我真的很同情她。◆I can really sympathize with what she's going through.我真的很同情她的遭遇。 ■ commiserate / /kəˈmɪzəreɪt/ / verb [intransitive] to show sb sympathy when they are upset or disappointed about sth, for example not winning a competition or failing an exam （对他人的苦恼或失意）同情，惋惜◆She commiserated with the losers on their defeat.她对失败的一方表示同情。ⓘ If you commiserate with sb this usually means that you say sth kind and sympathetic to them, such as 'I'm sorry' or 'Bad luck!'. * commiserate with sb通常意味着对那人说些安慰或同情的话，例如I'm sorry（我很遗憾。）或Bad luck!（运气欠佳！）。▸ commiseration / /kəˌmɪzəˈreɪʃn/ / noun [uncountable, countable] ◆I offered him my commiseration.我对他表示了同情。◆Commiserations to the losing team!落败的队伍太可惜了！■ ˈfeel for sb phrasal verb (felt, felt) (rather informal) to have sincere sympathy for sb （发自内心地）同情，怜悯（某人）◆I really felt for her when her husband died.她丈夫去世时我确实同情她。◆I do feel for you, honestly.说真的，我确实同情你。 |