| 例句 |
title noun
⇨ award (an Olympic title) ⇨ book (publish several new titles) ⇨ name (the title of the book) ⇨ right (title deeds)award noun award ♦︎ prize ♦︎ reward ♦︎ title ♦︎ medal ♦︎ trophy ♦︎ honour ♦︎ cup ♦︎ championshipThese are all words for sth that you are given for winning or achieving sth, or the position of winning sth. 这些词均表示奖项、奖励或冠军地位。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an award / a prize / a reward / a medal / a trophy / a cup for sth◆a major award / prize / title / trophy / honour / championship◆a coveted / prestigious award / prize / title / trophy◆a special award / prize / reward / honour◆a / an top / academic award / prize / honour◆the supreme award / prize / title◆a European / world title / trophy / cup / championship◆a championship title / medal / trophy◆to win an award / a prize / a reward / a title / a medal / a trophy / an honour / a cup / the championship◆to take an award / a prize / a reward / the title / a medal / the trophy / the championship◆to earn an award / a prize / a reward / a title / a medal◆to receive an award / a prize / a reward / a medal / a trophy / an honour◆to accept an award / a prize / a reward / a title / an honour◆to lose a title / a medal / the cup / the championship◆to defend / retain a title / a trophy / the championship◆an award / a prize / a title / a medal / a trophy / an honour / a cup / the championship goes to sb■ award [countable] something, such as money or a special title, given to sb for sth they have done or achieved 奖；奖金；奖项◆He was nominated for the best actor award.他获最佳演员奖提名。◆Stephen's quick thinking has earned him a bravery award.斯蒂芬凭着脑瓜子活反应快赢得了英勇奖。◆The association is presenting its annual awards this week.该协会本周将颁发年度奖。◆Helen received her prize at an awards ceremony in New York.海伦在纽约颁奖仪式上领奖了。 see also award ⇨ give verb 1 ■ prize [countable] something, such as money, given to sb who wins a competition or race or who does very good work; sth very important or valuable that is difficult to achieve or obtain 奖金；奖赏；（不易获得的）珍贵事物◆She was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature.她获颁诺贝尔文学奖。◆He took first prize in the woodwind section.他获得木管乐器组一等奖。◆I won £500 in prize money.我获得了500英镑的奖金。◆Win a car in our grand prize draw!抽中我们大奖的，得一辆汽车！◆World peace is the greatest prize of all.世界和平是最可贵的。 see also prizewinner ⇨ winner ■ reward [countable, uncountable] something that you are given because you have done sth good or worked hard; an amount of money that is offered to sb for helping the police to find a criminal or for finding sth that is lost 奖励；回报；悬赏金◆You deserve a reward for being so helpful.你帮了这么大忙，理应得到回报。◆The company is now reaping the rewards of their investments.公司正在收获投资回报。◆Winning the match was just reward for the effort the team made.赢得比赛的胜利是全队付出努力应得的回报。◆The look on her face when I told her was reward enough.她听到我告诉她的消息后脸上的表情就是对我的最大奖赏。◆A $100 reward has been offered for the return of the necklace.已悬赏100元找寻项链。◆The company has put up a reward of £25 000 for information.公司已悬赏25 000英镑给提供信息的人。OPP punishment , penalty ⇨ punishment ▸ reward verb [transitive, often passive] ◆She was rewarded for her efforts with a cash bonus.她因自己付出的努力得到一笔奖金。◆Our patience was finally rewarded.我们的耐心最终得到了回报。■ title [countable] the position of being the winner of a competition, especially a sports competition （尤指体育比赛的）冠军◆She has three world titles.她已获得三项世界冠军。◆She'll be defending her title at this week's French Open.她将在本周举行的法国公开赛上争取卫冕。■ medal / /ˈmedl/ / [countable] a flat piece of metal, usually shaped like a coin, that is given to the winner of a competition or to sb who has been brave, for example in a war 奖牌；奖章；勋章◆He received a medal for his service in the war.他因在战争中服役得到了一枚勋章。◆Anyone who does that job deserves a medal!无论谁做那个工作都值得嘉奖！◆She won the gold medal at the World Championships.她在世界锦标赛上赢得了一枚金牌。 see also medallist ⇨ winner ■ trophy / /ˈtrəʊfi; NAmE ˈtroʊfi/ [countable] an object, such as a silver cup, that is given as a prize for winning a competition （颁发给竞赛获胜者的）奖品，奖杯◆He picked up a trophy for best news editor.他摘取了最佳新闻编辑奖。◆The team paraded their League Championship trophy.球队高举展示他们的联赛冠军奖杯。■ honour (BrE) (NAmE honor) [countable] an award or official title given to sb as a reward for sth they have done （为表扬某人的）奖励，荣誉称号，头衔◆It was the British who scooped the honours at last night's Oscars.昨晚在奥斯卡颁奖典礼上摘取荣誉桂冠的是英国人。◆He was buried with full military honours (= with a special military service as a sign of respect).他以隆重的军葬礼下葬。■ cup [countable] a gold or silver cup on a stem, often with two handles, that is given as a prize in a competition 奖杯；优胜杯◆She has won several cups for skating.她已数次获得滑冰比赛的奖杯。■ championship /ˈtʃæmpiənʃɪp/ / [countable] the position of winning a competition to become champion 冠军地位◆They've held the championship for the past two years.他们在过去两年里一直保持着冠军地位。 see also champion ⇨ winner book noun book ♦︎ publication ♦︎ novel ♦︎ guide ♦︎ title ♦︎ manual ♦︎ textbook ♦︎ text ♦︎ volumeThese are all words for a set of printed pages that are fastened together inside a cover. 这些词均表示书籍。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a book / publication / novel / guide / manual / textbook / text / volume about sb / sth◆a book / publication / guide / title / manual / textbook / text / volume on sb / sth◆a book / publication / novel / title / text / volume by sb◆a reference book / publication / guide / title / manual◆a best-selling book / novel / guide / title / textbook◆a paperback book / publication / novel / title / volume◆a children's book / novel / guide / title◆to read a book / publication / novel / guide / manual / textbook / text / volume◆to publish a book / a novel / a guide / titles / manuals / textbooks / a volume◆to write a book / publication / novel / guide / manual / textbook / text / volume■ book [countable] a set of printed pages that are fastened together inside a cover so that you can turn them and read them; a written work published in printed or electronic form 书；书籍；印刷（或电子）出版物◆His desk was covered with piles of books.他的书桌上堆满了一摞摞的书。◆The book has received some terrible reviews.这本书得到了一些劣评。◆a library / hardback book馆藏书；精装书■ publication / /ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃn/ / [countable] (rather formal) a book, magazine, newspaper or document in which information or stories are published （书刊、报纸、文件等）出版物◆Her work has appeared in a wide variety of mainstream publications.她的作品见于各大主流出版物。■ novel [countable] a printed story long enough to fill a complete book, in which the characters and events are usually imaginary （长篇）小说◆detective / historical / romantic novels侦探／历史／言情小说◆His first novel was published in 1934.他的第一部小说于1934年出版。 see also novelist ⇨ writer ■ guide [countable] a book or magazine that gives you information, help or instructions about sth 指南；手册◆a Guide to Family Health家庭健康指南◆Let's have a look at the TV guide and see what's on.咱们看一下电视节目表，好知道电视上在放些什么。ⓘ A guide or guidebook is also a book that gives information about places for travellers or tourists. * guide和guidebook也指旅游指南、旅游手册◆He has written a number of travel guides.他写了几本旅游指南。◆a guidebook to Peru秘鲁旅游指南 ■ title [countable] a book or magazine, especially one that is being published or sold by sb/sth （尤指由某人或某机构出版或发售的）书刊◆The company publishes twenty new titles a year.这家公司一年出版二十种新书。■ manual / /ˈmænjuəl/ / [countable] a book that tells you how to do sth, or operate sth such as a machine 使用手册；说明书；指南◆Why do you never read the instruction manual?你为什么从来不看说明书？■ textbook / /ˈtekstbʊk/ / (NAmE also text) [countable] a book that teaches a particular subject and that is used especially in schools and colleges 教科书；课本；教材◆a school / medical / history textbook课本；医学／历史教科书◆I would not recommend it as a classroom textbook.我不会把它推荐为课堂上使用的教科书。 see also text ⇨ literature , text ⇨ script ■ text [countable] a book, play or piece of writing, especially one that you study as part of a programme of study （尤指作为课程一部分而学习的）书籍，剧本，文章◆It is one of the most difficult literary texts of all time.这是有史以来最难的文学作品之一。◆ (BrE) 'Macbeth' is a set text for the exam.《麦克佩斯》是考试指定的必读剧目。ⓘ A text can also mean a textbook, especially in American English. * text也可指textbook，即教科书，尤其在美式英语中◆Students are requested not to buy texts prior to the first class.在上第一堂课之前要求学生先不买教科书。 ■ volume [countable] (formal) a book 书◆She published her first book, a slim volume of poetry, at the age of sixteen.她十六岁时出版了第一本书－一本薄薄的诗集。ⓘ Volume can be used in formal contexts when you are considering the size of a book or the number of books. * volume可以用在正式的语境中，指书的厚薄、套书的册数或藏书的数量◆a slim / thick volume薄薄的／厚厚的一册◆a library of over 50 000 volumes藏书5万多册的图书馆It is not used in more general contexts. * volume不用在较为笼统的语境中◆His desk was covered with piles of volumes. ◆The volume has received some terrible reviews. see also volume ⇨ chapter name noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ nickname 另见nickname条name ♦︎ title ♦︎ first name ♦︎ surname ♦︎ last name ♦︎ full name ♦︎ family name ♦︎ label ♦︎ middle name ♦︎ maiden name ♦︎ subtitleThese are all words for a word or words that a person, animal or object is known by. 这些词均表示名字、名称、称谓。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a name / title / first name / label / subtitle for sb / sth◆under the name / title (of) ...◆to use a name / sb's title / sb's first name / sb's surname / your family name / your middle name / your maiden name◆to change sb / sth's name / title / surname◆to adopt / take a name / title / surname◆to give sb / sth a name / title / label / middle name / subtitle◆to choose / decide on a name / title / first name / middle name / subtitle◆to address sb by their title / first name / surname / last name / full name◆to call sb by their first name / surname / last name / full name◆to have a name / title / surname / family name / middle name / subtitle◆to bear a name / title / surname / family name■ name [countable] a word or words that a particular person, animal, place or thing is known by 名字；名称◆What's your name?你叫什么名字？◆What is / was the name, please?(= a polite way of asking sb's name) 请问您叫什么名字？◆Please write your full name and address below.请将您的姓名全称和详细地址写在下面。◆The tickets were booked in the name of McLean.这些票是以麦克莱恩的名字预订的。◆Are you changing your name when you get married?结婚时你要改姓氏吗？◆Rubella is just another name for German measles.风疹只是德国麻疹的另一个名称。ⓘ Your name is either your whole name or one part of your name. * name既指全名也指名字的一部分◆My name is Maria.我的名字叫玛丽亚。◆His name is Tom Smith.他的名字叫汤姆•史密斯。◆The name's Bond.名字是邦德。 Name is often used in compounds. * name常用于构成复合词◆place name地名◆street name街道名◆code name代号◆pet name (= a name you use for sb instead of their real name, as a sign of affection) 昵称◆pen-name (= a name used by a writer instead of their real name) 笔名◆brand name (= the name given to a product by the company that produces it) 品牌名称 see also name ⇨ call verb 1 ■ title [countable] the name of a book, poem, painting, piece of music, etc.; a word in front of a person's name to show their rank or profession, whether or not they are married, etc.; a name that describes sb's job （书、诗歌、图画、乐曲等的）名称，标题，题目；（人名前表示地位、职业、婚否等的）称号，头衔，称谓；职称◆His poems were published under the title of 'Love and Reason'.他的诗是以《爱情与理智》为题发表的。◆the title track from their latest CD (= the song with the same title as the disc) 他们最新唱片中的专辑同名主打歌◆She has sung the title role in 'Carmen'(= the role of Carmen in that opera).她在《卡门》中演唱卡门的角色。◆The present duke inherited the title from his father.现在的公爵承袭的是他父亲的爵位。◆Give your name and title (= Mr, Miss, Ms, Dr, etc.).报出你的姓名和称谓。◆His job title is Special Projects Officer.他的职称是特别项目干事。 see also entitle ⇨ call verb 1 ■ ˈfirst name [countable] a name that was given to you when you were born, that comes before your family name 名字◆His first name is Tom and his surname is Green.他名叫汤姆，姓格林。◆Please call me by my first name.请叫我的名字就行了。◆ (BrE) to be on first-name terms with sb (= to call them by their first name as a sign of a friendly informal relationship) 与某人以名字相称◆ (NAmE) to be on a first-name basis关系密切，直呼其名ⓘ Other words for sb's first name are given name (especially in American English), forename (in formal or official language) and Christian name (in British English, although this is now rather old-fashioned). These are all more formal and less frequent than first name. 某人的first name亦可称为given name（尤用于美式英语）、forename（用于正式或官方用语）和Christian name（用于英式英语，但现在有些过时）。这些用语均较first name正式，但不及其常用。■ surname [countable] (especially BrE) a name shared by all the members of a family (written last in English names) 姓◆On marriage most women in this country still take their husband's surname.这个国家的大多数妇女在结婚后还是选择采用丈夫的姓。■ ˈlast name [countable] your surname (written last in English names) 姓◆How do you spell your last name?你的姓怎么拼？■ ˈfull name [countable] all your names, usually in the order first name + middle name(s) + last name 全名（通常的顺序是first name + middle name(s) + last name）◆His full name was William Augustus Grove.他的全名是威廉•奥古斯塔斯•格罗夫。 see also full ⇨ whole ■ ˈfamily name [countable] the part of your name that shows which family you belong to 姓；姓氏◆'Smith' is the most common family name in Britain.史密斯是英国最常见的姓氏。◆He wanted a son to carry on the family name.他想要个儿子来传宗接代。■ label [countable] (disapproving) a word or phrase that is used to describe sb/sth in a way that seems too general, unfair or not correct （不恰当的）称谓，绰号，叫法◆I hated the label 'housewife'.我不喜欢“家庭主妇”这个称谓。◆He was cruelly given the label 'Mr Zero' by the Press.新闻界刻薄地称他为“零度先生”。 see also label ⇨ call verb 1 ■ ˈmiddle name [countable] a name that comes between your first name and your family name 中名（名和姓之间的名字）◆'What's your middle name?' 'I don't have one / Well actually, I have two...'“你的中名叫什么？”“我没有中名／噢，实际上我有两个⋯”■ ˈmaiden name [countable] a woman's family name before marriage （女子的）娘家姓◆Kate kept her maiden name when she got married (= she did not change her surname to that of her husband).凯特结婚后仍用自己娘家的姓。ⓘ If a woman uses her husband's surname after they get married, the new name is her married name. 如果女子结婚后用丈夫的姓，这个新的姓就是她的married name。■ subtitle [countable] a second title of a book or other written work that appears after the main title and gives more information 副标题；小标题◆This book's title is 'Oxford Learner's Thesaurus'. Its subtitle is 'A dictionary of synonyms'.这部书名为《牛津英语同义词学习词典》，副标题是“一部学习型同义词词典”。▸ subtitle verb [transitive, usually passive] ◆The article is subtitled 'New language for new times'.这篇文章的副标题是“新时代的新语言”。 right noun right ♦︎ power ♦︎ privilege ♦︎ claim ♦︎ authority ♦︎ liberty ♦︎ entitlement ♦︎ title ♦︎ dueThese are all words for sth you are legally or morally allowed to have or do. 这些词均表示法律或道义上的权利。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sb's right / power / claim over sb / sth◆a right / a claim / an entitlement / a title to sth◆the right / power / authority / entitlement to do sth◆a / an special / exclusive right / power / privilege / claim◆a / the legal right / power / claim / authority / entitlement / title◆personal rights / claims / liberties◆have a / the right / the power / the privilege / a claim / the authority / an entitlement / title◆use / exercise your right / powers / privilege / authority / entitlement◆give sb a right / the power / a privilege / title / their due◆grant sb rights / powers / privileges / liberties◆revoke a right / the power / a privilege / the authority◆lose your right / powers / privilege / entitlement◆forfeit your right / privilege / claim / entitlement / title◆give up your right / powers / privilege / claim / title◆renounce your right / privilege / claim / title◆waive your right / privilege / claim◆respect sb's right / claim / liberties■ right [countable] something that you should definitely be allowed to do or have, either legally or morally （法律或道义上）正当的要求；权利◆Everyone has the right to a fair trial.每个人都有权获得公正的审判。◆What gives you the right to do that?你有什么权利这样做？◆You're quite within your rights to ask for your money back (= you definitely have a right to do it).你完全有权要回你的钱。◆She had every right to be angry.她完全有理由生气。◆By rights (= according to sb's rights) half the money should be mine.按理应该有一半的钱归我。◆This is a fundamental human right (= a right that all people should have).这是一项基本的人权。◆They have always fought hard for equal rights (= the right of all people in society to be treated fairly and equally).他们一直在为获得平等权利进行顽强的斗争。 see also birthright ⇨ legacy ■ power [uncountable, countable, usually plural] the right of a person or group to do sth, especially sth that involves having control over sb else 权力；职权；权势◆The Secretary of State has the power to approve the proposals.国务卿有权批准这些提议。◆The president has the power of veto over all new legislation.总统有权否决一切新法规。◆The powers of the police must be clearly defined.警察的职权必须明确界定。■ privilege / /ˈprɪvəlɪdʒ/ / [countable] a special right or advantage that a particular person or group of people has 特殊利益；优惠待遇；特权◆Education should be a universal right and not just a privilege.教育应当是全民的权利，而非部分人的特权。◆Club members have special privileges, like being allowed to use the swimming pool.俱乐部会员享有特权，如获准使用游泳池。ⓘ Privilege [uncountable] is used in a disapproving way to mean 'the rights and advantages that only the rich or powerful people in a society have'. 不可数名词形式的privilege指社会中有钱有势者拥有的权利和优势，用作贬义◆ (disapproving) His life had always been one of wealth and privilege.他一直过着有钱有势的生活。 ■ claim [countable, uncountable] a right that sb believes they have to sth, for example property or land （对财产、土地等要求拥有的）所有权◆The court ruled that they had no claim on the land.法院裁定他们无权索要那片土地。◆The princess was forced to renounce her claim to the throne.公主被迫放弃对王位的要求。◆He went back to lay claim to his inheritance.他回来主张他的继承权。▸ claim verb [transitive] ◆A lot of lost property is never claimed.许多失物从未被认领。◆The family arrived in the UK in the 1990s and claimed political asylum.这家人20世纪90年代来到英国要求政治避难。■ authority [uncountable] the right to do sth, especially because you hold a senior position in an organization （尤因在组织中位居要职而拥有的）权，职权◆Only the manager has the authority to sign cheques.只有经理才有权签支票。NOTE 辨析 Power or authority?In this meaning authority is usually used in the phrase (have) the authority to do sth. This authority usually comes from sb's position within a company or other organization and refers to what they are allowed to do within that organization. The power to do sth or special powers often come from the courts, the government or a country's constitution (= system of laws and political organization) and refer to what sb is allowed to do within the law or government of the country. 表达此义时，authority常用于短语(have) the authority to do sth。这种权力通常来自某人在公司或其他组织中的职位，指其在组织内部的权限。the power to do sth或special powers的这种权力常来自法院、政府或国家的宪法，某人获允依法或在政府体制内做某事◆Only the manager has the power to sign cheques. ◆The authority of the police must be clearly defined. ■ liberty /ˈlɪbəti; NAmE ˈlɪbərti/ [countable] the legal freedom to do sth （法律上的）自由◆The right to vote should be a liberty enjoyed by all.投票权应当是人人享有的合法权利。◆This is a gross infringement of our civil liberties (= the right of people to be free to say or do what they want while respecting others and staying within the law).这是对我们的公民自由的严重侵犯。ⓘ In this meaning liberty is used especially in the phrases personal/civil liberties. 表达此义时，liberty尤用于短语personal/civil liberties。■ entitlement [uncountable, countable] (especially BrE, formal) the official right to have or do sth, especially to receive a payment or own property; something, especially an amount of money, that you have an official right to have or receive （拥有某物或做某事的）权利，资格（尤指收到付款或拥有财产）；有权得到的东西（尤指钱款）◆This may affect your entitlement to compensation.这可能影响你索赔的权利。◆Your contributions will affect your pension entitlements.你的缴款数额将会影响你的养老金待遇。ⓘ This meaning of entitlement is not very frequent in American English. However, especially in American English the phrase a sense of entitlement is used in a disapproving way to talk about people who think they have a right to sth without actually working for it. * entitlement的这一义项在美式英语中不是很常用。不过，尤其是在美式英语中，短语a sense of entitlement用作贬义，指不努力便自认为应享有权利的特权思想◆ (especially NAmE, disapproving) The only child of very wealthy parents, she embodies the spoiled brat with a sense of entitlement.父母有钱，又是独生女，她活脱脱是个被宠坏了的孩子，满脑子特权思想。 see also entitle ⇨ allow ■ title [uncountable, countable] (law 法律) the legal right to own sth, especially land or property; the document that shows you have this right （尤指土地或财产的）所有权，所有权凭证；房地契◆He claims he has title to the land.他声称拥有这块土地的所有权。◆Who holds the title deed (= the legal document proving that sb is the owner of a particular property or piece of land)?谁有房契？■ due /djuː; NAmE duː/ [uncountable] something, especially praise, that should be given to sb because they have earned it by their actions 应得到的东西（尤其是赞美）◆He received a large reward, which was no more than his due (= what he deserved).他得到重赏，这是他应得的。◆She's a slow worker, but to give her her due (= be fair to her) she is very thorough.她干活速度很慢，但说句公道话，她做事很仔细。ⓘ In this meaning due is always used in the phrase my/your/his/her/our/their due. 表达此义时，due总是用于短语my/your/his/her/our/their due。 |