| 例句 |
understanding noun
⇨ understanding (show great understanding of sth) ⇨ agreement 1 (come to an understanding with sb about sth) ⇨ definition (sb's understanding of the situation) ⇨ sympathy (show understanding towards sb)understanding adj.
⇨ sensitive 1 understanding noun understanding ♦︎ sense ♦︎ insight ♦︎ conception ♦︎ comprehension ♦︎ grasp ♦︎ appreciation ♦︎ depthThese are all words for sb's ability to understand situations, subjects, etc. 这些词均表示理解力、洞察力、领悟力。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sb's understanding / sense / conception / comprehension / grasp / appreciation / depth of sth◆beyond (sb's) understanding / (sb's) conception / (sb's) comprehension / sb's grasp◆an understanding / a sense / an insight / the conception / an appreciation that...◆(a) good understanding / sense / insight / comprehension / grasp / appreciation◆a proper understanding / sense / grasp / appreciation◆a thorough understanding / comprehension / grasp / appreciation◆an adequate understanding / conception / comprehension / grasp / appreciation◆(a) historical / musical understanding / sense / insight / appreciation◆to have an understanding / a sense / (an) insight / a conception / a comprehension / a grasp / an appreciation / depth◆to show understanding / a sense / insight / a grasp / an appreciation◆to increase / enhance your understanding / your sense / insight / comprehension / your appreciation◆to improve your understanding / your sense / insight / comprehension / grasp◆to develop / gain an understanding / a sense / an insight / an appreciation◆a level of understanding / insight / comprehension / appreciation◆a lack of understanding / insight / comprehension / appreciation / depth■ understanding [uncountable, singular] the knowledge that sb has of a particular subject or situation （对某个主题或状况的）理解，领悟，了解◆The committee has little or no understanding of the problem.委员会对这个问题了解不多或根本不了解。◆The vastness of the universe is beyond human understanding.宇宙的广袤无垠超出了人类的理解范围。◆His writings reflect a good understanding of the society he lived in.他的文学作品反映出他对自己所生活的社会有深刻的了解。OPP misunderstanding ⇨ illusion ■ sense [singular] an understanding of sth; an ability to make sensible judgements about sth 理解力；判断力◆She always had a strong sense of personal responsibility (= an understanding that she is responsible for her own actions).她一向有很强的个人责任感。◆Babies seem to have an innate sense of rhythm (= an ability to respond to the beat of music).婴儿似乎有天生的节奏感。◆One of the most important things in a partner is a sense of humour (= the ability to find things funny or make people laugh).伴侣身上最重要的素质之一是幽默感。◆I've got a hopeless sense of direction (= ability to know where I am and where I am going in relation to other places).我的方向感糟透了。◆Always try to keep a sense of proportion (= the ability to know what is important in relation to other things).随时都要把握好轻重缓急。◆Ed doesn't have any dress sense (= the ability to know what clothes look good) at all!埃德对服装完全没有判断力！◆I developed a certain road sense (= the ability to travel on roads safely) during my years as a cyclist.我在骑自行车的那些年间养成了一定的道路安全意识。ⓘ In this meaning sense is nearly always used in the phrases a/sb's sense of sth and dress/road sense. 表达此义时，sense几乎总是用于短语a/sb's sense of sth和dress/road sense。■ insight / /ˈɪnsaɪt/ / [uncountable, countable] (often approving) the ability to understand the truth about people or situations; an understanding of what sth is like 洞察力；领悟；洞悉；了解◆She was a writer of great insight.她是拥有深刻洞察力的作家。◆I hope you've gained some insight into the difficulties we face.我希望你对我们面临的困难已有所了解。◆The book gives us some fascinating insights into life in Mexico.这本书生动地展现了墨西哥的生活。■ conception / /kənˈsepʃn/ / [uncountable, countable] (rather formal) an understanding or belief of what sth is or what sth should be 理解（认为某事怎样或应该怎样）◆He has no conception of what it's like to be unemployed.他还不知道失业的滋味是什么。◆I had a rather romantic conception of life in the country.我对乡村生活的理解相当浪漫。■ comprehension / /ˌkɒmprɪˈhenʃn; NAmE ˌkɑːmprɪˈhenʃn/ [uncountable, singular] (rather formal, especially written) the ability to understand sth 理解力；领悟力◆His behaviour was beyond comprehension.他的举止令人费解。◆The task requires a good comprehension of complex instructions.这项任务要求对复杂的指令有良好的领悟力。■ grasp /grɑːsp; NAmE græsp/ [singular] a person's understanding of a subject （对某主题的）理解，领会◆She has an excellent grasp of English grammar.她对英语语法掌握得非常好。◆Such complicated instructions are beyond the grasp of most of our students.这些复杂的指令是我们的大多数学生所不能理解的。■ appreciation /əˌpriːʃiˈeɪʃn/ / [uncountable, singular] (rather formal) a full or sympathetic understanding of a situation, problem or subject 理解；体谅；同情◆I had no appreciation of the problems they faced.我没有体谅到他们所面临的问题。◆Candidates should have a broad appreciation of contemporary issues.候选人对当代问题应该要有广泛的理解。 see also appreciate ⇨ know 1 ■ depth [uncountable] (approving) the quality of knowing or understanding a lot of details about sth; the ability to provide and explain these details 渊博；深刻；洞察力◆a writer of great wisdom and depth有卓越智慧和洞察力的作家◆a job that doesn't require any great depth of knowledge不需要多么高深知识的工作◆His ideas lack depth.他的想法缺乏深度。 see also deep ⇨ serious 3 agreement1 noun sign an agreement with sb 与某人签订协议be in agreement with sb 与某人看法一致 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ contract 另见contract条agreement ♦︎ deal ♦︎ settlement ♦︎ arrangement ♦︎ pact ♦︎ bargain ♦︎ understandingThese are all words for sth which two or more people or groups agree or promise. 这些词均表示双方或多方达成的约定或承诺。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an agreement / a deal / a settlement / an arrangement / a pact / a bargain / an understanding with sb◆an agreement / a deal / an arrangement / a pact / a bargain / an understanding between sb and sb◆an agreement / a deal / a settlement / an arrangement / a pact / an understanding on sth◆an agreement / a deal / a settlement / an arrangement / an understanding over sth◆under an agreement / a deal / an arrangement / a pact◆an agreement / an arrangement / a pact / an understanding that...◆an agreement / an arrangement / a pact to do sth◆an informal agreement / arrangement / understanding◆a political agreement / deal / settlement / arrangement / pact / bargain◆a financial agreement / deal / settlement / arrangement / bargain◆to have an agreement / an arrangement / a pact / an understanding◆to enter into an agreement / a deal / an arrangement / a pact◆to negotiate an agreement / a deal / a settlement / an arrangement / a pact◆to reach an agreement / a deal / a settlement / an arrangement / an understanding◆to make / sign an agreement / a deal / a pact◆to conclude an agreement / a deal / a settlement / a pact■ agreement [countable] something that two or more people or groups agree should happen or be done （双方或多方的）协议，协定，契约◆An agreement was finally reached between management and employees.劳资双方终于达成了协议。◆We are working towards a formal ceasefire agreement.我们正努力达成正式停火协定。◆The agreement will be legally binding.该协议将具有法律约束力。◆They had made a verbal agreement to sell.他们已达成口头销售协议。◆They had an agreement never to talk about work at home.他们约定在家绝不谈工作。■ deal [countable] an agreement, especially in business, on particular conditions for doing or buying sth （尤指商业）协议；交易◆The unions were ready to do a deal over pay.工会急于在工资问题上达成协议。◆The company expects to close the deal (= finish making it) in the first quarter of next year.公司指望能在明年第一季度达成这笔交易。◆The deal fell through (= no agreement was reached).这笔买卖没有谈成。◆I got a good deal on the car (= a good price).我这辆汽车买得很便宜。◆ (spoken) It's a deal!(= I agree to your terms).就这么说定了！◆This is the deal (= this is what we have agreed and are going to do).这是我们达成的协议。 see also do a deal ⇨ negotiate ■ settlement [countable] an official agreement that ends an argument between two people or groups; the conditions, or a legal document stating the conditions, on which money or property is given to sb （解决纷争的）协议；（关于钱财转让的）协议（书）◆There have been efforts to broker a peace settlement with the militia groups.为了与民兵组织达成和平协议已经作出很多努力了。◆Lawyers are seeking an out-of-court settlement.律师正寻求庭外和解。◆The house was put on the market as part of a divorce settlement.按照离婚协议，房子被出售。 see also settle ⇨ resolve ■ arrangement [countable, uncountable] an agreement that you make with sb that you can both accept, especially concerning the practical details of sth （尤指细节的）商定，约定◆The company has a special arrangement with the bank.该公司与银行有一项特殊约定。◆We can come to an arrangement over the price.我们可以就价格问题达成一项协议。◆Viewing of the property is only possible by arrangement with the owner.与房主约好才能看房。◆You can cash cheques here by prior arrangement with the bank.你事先与银行商妥，就可以在这里兑现支票。 see also arrange ⇨ organize ■ pact [countable] a formal agreement between two or more people, groups or countries, especially one in which they agree to help each other （双方或多方的）条约；（尤指）互惠协定◆He helped to negotiate a non-aggression pact between the two countries.他协助两国达成了互不侵犯条约。◆The two parties agreed on an electoral pact.两党达成了选举协定。◆She died with her lover in a suicide pact (= an agreement by two or more people to kill themselves at the same time).她和情人按照约定同时自杀身亡。■ bargain /ˈbɑːgən; NAmE ˈbɑːrgən/ [countable] an agreement between two or more people or groups to do sth for each other 协议；交易◆Finally the two sides struck a bargain.双方最终达成了协议。◆I've done what I promised and I expect you to keep your side of the bargain.我已履约，希望你也能遵守协议。 see also bargain ⇨ negotiate verb NOTE 辨析 Pact or bargain?People make a pact when they both want the same thing and agree to help each other achieve it. People make a bargain when they want different things, but each agrees to do what the other wants in exchange for the other doing what they want. * pact指双方有相同目标，同意相互帮助以实现目标。bargain指双方目标不同，但是同意帮助对方实现目标以换取对方的帮助◆a non-aggression/suicide bargain ◆I expect you to keep your side of the pact. ■ understanding [countable, usually singular] an informal agreement between two people or groups （非正式的双方）协议◆We finally came to an understanding about what hours we would work.我们最终就工作时间达成了一致意见。◆I thought you gave me the book on the understanding that I could keep it.我以为你给我那本书就是答应送给我了。 definition noun definition ♦︎ interpretation ♦︎ understanding ♦︎ readingThese are all words for the particular way in which sth is understood or explained. 这些词均表示对事物的解释、理解、诠释。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆(a) careful definition / interpretation / understanding / reading◆a clear / precise / narrow / broad / wide / conventional definition / interpretation / understanding◆a literal interpretation / understanding / reading◆different definitions / interpretations / understandings / readings◆to give / provide / offer a definition / an interpretation■ definition / /ˌdefɪˈnɪʃn/ / [countable, uncountable] an explanation of the meaning of a word or phrase, especially in a dictionary; what an idea means to a particular person or group （尤指词典中词或短语的）释义，解释；（特定的人或群体对某概念的）定义◆The dictionary provides clear, simple definitions.该词典的释义简单明了。◆The term 'partner' requires careful definition.“伙伴”这一用语需要谨慎定义。◆Neighbours by definition live close by (= this is what being a neighbour means).按照释义，“邻居”就要居住在邻近的地方。◆What's your definition of happiness?你对幸福的定义是什么？ see also define ⇨ explain 1 , define ⇨ list verb ■ interpretation /ɪnˌtɜːprɪˈteɪʃn; NAmE ɪnˌtɜːrprɪˈteɪʃn/ [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) the particular way in which sb understands or explains sth 理解；解释；说明◆Her evidence suggests a different interpretation of the events leading to his death.她的证据表明，导致他死亡的那些事件可能有另一番解释。◆Dreams are open to interpretation (= they can be explained in different ways).梦可以有各种诠释。▸ interpret /ɪnˈtɜːprɪt; NAmE ɪnˈtɜːrprɪt/ verb [transitive] ◆I didn't know whether to interpret her silence as acceptance or refusal.我不知道应该把她的沉默看作是接受还是拒绝。◆The data can be interpreted in many different ways.这些数据可以从多方面解读。 see also interpret ⇨ explain 1 , interpretative ⇨ descriptive ■ understanding [uncountable, countable] the particular way in which sb understands sth 理解；看法；解释◆My understanding of the situation is...我对形势的看法是⋯◆Students will gain an active understanding of the workings of Parliament.学生对议会的运作方式将会得到深切了解。 see also understand ⇨ conclude ■ reading [countable] (rather formal, especially written) the particular way in which sb understands a book, situation, etc. （对书籍或局势等的）解读，理解，看法◆Those conclusions are based on a literal reading of the text.那些结论是基于对文本的字面理解。◆My own reading of events is less optimistic.我本人对事态的看法不那么乐观。▸ read verb [transitive] ◆How do you read the present situation?你对目前的形势有何看法？NOTE 辨析 Interpretation, understanding or reading?In some cases you can use any of these words. 在有些情况下这三个词可以通用◆a different interpretation / understanding / reading of the situation / history对形势／历史的不同解读However, interpretation is used especially when you are talking about understanding what happened or what sth means. 但interpretation尤指对所发生的事件或事物所含意义的解释◆interpretation of data / information / results / findings / events / the law / sb's theory / dreams对数据／信息／结果／发现／事件／法律／某人的理论／梦的解释 Understanding is used especially when you are talking about understanding how sth works or what problems are involved. * understanding尤指对事物的运作原理或所涉及问题的理解◆an understanding of a process / a relationship / sb's role / the workings of sth / the principles of sth / a problem / an issue对过程／关系／某人的角色／某事物的运作方式／某事物的原理／问题／议题的理解 Reading is used especially when you are talking about understanding a written text. * reading尤指对文本的理解◆my reading of the text / poem / novel / story我对文本／诗歌／小说／故事的解读 sympathy noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ relief 另见relief条sympathy ♦︎ concern ♦︎ compassion ♦︎ pity ♦︎ understanding ♦︎ condolence ♦︎ humanityThese are all words for the feeling you have when you are sorry for sb who is unhappy or suffering. 这些词均表示同情、怜悯。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sympathy / concern / compassion / pity for sb / sth◆to do sth out of sympathy / concern / compassion / pity◆to do sth with sympathy / concern / compassion / understanding / humanity◆without sympathy / compassion / pity◆great sympathy / concern / compassion / understanding / humanity◆deep sympathy / concern / compassion / understanding◆real / genuine sympathy / concern / compassion / pity / understanding / humanity◆to feel / be full of sympathy / concern / compassion / pity◆to have sympathy / compassion / pity (for sb / sth)◆to express (your) sympathy / concern / condolences◆to show (sb) sympathy / concern / compassion / pity / understanding / humanity◆to offer (sb) (your) sympathy / understanding / condolences◆to give sb (your) sympathy / compassion / pity / understanding / condolences■ sympathy [uncountable, countable, usually plural] the feeling of being sorry for sb; showing that you understand and care about sb's problems 同情（心）◆I have no sympathy for Jan; it's all her own fault.我不同情简，那都是她自己的错。◆He didn't get much sympathy from anyone.他没有从别人那里得到多少同情。◆Their plight aroused considerable public sympathy.他们的困境令公众大为同情。◆ (formal) May we offer our deepest sympathies on the death of your wife.我们谨对尊夫人去世表示最深切的慰唁。 see also empathy ⇨ bond , sympathetic ⇨ sensitive 1 , sympathize ⇨ sorry for sb ■ concern [uncountable] a feeling of wanting to protect and help sb/sth 关爱；关心◆She forgot her own worries in her concern for her children.对孩子的关爱使她忘记了自己的烦恼。◆I appreciate everyone's concern and help at this difficult time.感谢大家在这种艰难时刻给予我的关心和帮助。ⓘ People often feel concern for people they have or feel responsibilty for, for example family members or friends. * concern常指对自己感觉负有责任的人的关心，如对家庭成员或朋友。■ compassion [uncountable] (rather formal) a strong feeling of sympathy for people who are suffering and a desire to help them 同情；怜悯◆He was filled with overwhelming love and compassion for his wife.他对妻子充满了莫大的爱与怜悯。◆She was known as a hard woman with no compassion, no emotion.在人们眼中，她是个没有同情心、没有情感的冷酷女人。 see also compassionate ⇨ sensitive 1 ■ pity [uncountable] a feeling of sympathy and sadness caused by the suffering and troubles of others 同情；怜悯◆I could only feel pity for what they were enduring.对他们所受的苦难我唯有同情而已。◆I took pity on her and lent her the money.我同情她，就把钱借给了她。◆ (formal) I beg you to have pity on him.我求你可怜可怜他。 see also pity ⇨ sorry for sb verb NOTE 辨析 Compassion or pity? Compassion is a stronger feeling than pity. It is a warm, kind feeling that suggests that you understand what other people are feeling and that you share their suffering in some way. If you feel pity, you do not necessarily have this understanding, and you may not have or show as much respect for the person you feel pity for. For this reason, sb might say: ◆I don't want your pity!but they are unlikely to say:◆I don't want your compassion! Pity is often used in the phrases have/take pity on sb 与pity相比，compassion所表达的感情要强烈一些，它是一种温暖、友善的感情，表示对他人苦难的理解和感同身受；pity则不一定有这种理解，也未必对受同情者怀有或表现出很多尊重。因此，人们可能说I don't want your pity!（我不需要你的同情！）但不大可能说I don't want your compassion!。pity常用于短语have/take pity on sb中。■ understanding [uncountable, singular] the ability to understand why people behave in a particular way and show them sympathy when things go wrong 理解；谅解；体谅◆Please try to show a little more understanding.请尽量多表现出一点体谅。◆We are looking for a better understanding between the two nations.我们正在寻求两国间进一步的相互了解。 see also understanding ⇨ sensitive adj. 1 ■ condolence / /kənˈdəʊləns; NAmE kənˈdoʊləns/ [countable, usually plural, uncountable] (rather formal) sympathy that you express for sb when a person in their family or that they know well has died 吊唁；慰唁◆Our heartfelt condolences go out to his wife and family.我们谨向他的妻子和家人表示诚挚的慰唁。◆a letter of condolence吊唁信ⓘ My/his/her/our, etc. condolences is used in formal or official situations, for example in a speech or letter. * my/his/her/our, etc. condolences用于正式或官方场合，如演讲或书信中。■ humanity /hjuːˈmænəti/ / [uncountable] the quality of being kind to people and animals by making sure that they do not suffer more than is necessary 人道；仁慈◆The judge was praised for his courage and humanity.那位法官因勇气和人道而受到称赞。OPP inhumanity ⇨ cruel see also humane ⇨ sensitive 1 sensitive1 adjective a sensitive and caring man 体贴的男人a sensitive topic 敏感话题sensitive to criticism 一听见批评就不高兴sensitive ♦︎ sympathetic ♦︎ gentle ♦︎ humane ♦︎ compassionate ♦︎ understanding ♦︎ softThese words all describe a person who shows kindness and understanding towards others. 这些词均表示体贴的、有同情心的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sensitive / sympathetic / gentle / compassionate / understanding towards sb◆sensitive / sympathetic to sb / sth◆a sensitive / sympathetic / gentle / humane / compassionate manner / man◆(in) a sensitive / sympathetic / gentle / humane / compassionate way◆(a) sensitive / sympathetic / gentle handling / approach◆sensitive / sympathetic / humane treatment◆a humane / compassionate society■ sensitive (approving) aware of and able to understand other people and their feelings 体贴的；体恤的；善解人意的◆a sensitive and caring man体贴的男人◆She is very sensitive to other people's feelings.她很能体谅别人的感情。◆This type of situation requires a sensitive approach by doctors.这种情形需要医生持一种体恤的态度。OPP insensitive ⇨ insensitive see also sensitivity ⇨ tact ▸ sensitively adverb ◆She handled the matter sensitively and effectively.她谨慎而有效地处理了那件事。■ sympathetic (approving) kind to sb who is hurt or upset; showing that you understand and care about their problems 同情的；有同情心的；表示同情的◆a sympathetic friend / listener / employer有同情心的朋友／听者／雇主◆I did not feel at all sympathetic towards Kate.我对凯特一点也不同情。◆I'm here if you need a sympathetic ear (= sb to talk to about your problems).要是你想诉诉苦，那就跟我说吧。OPP unsympathetic ⇨ insensitive see also sympathy ⇨ sympathy , sympathize ⇨ sorry for sb , sorry ⇨ upset ▸ sympathetically adverb ◆to nod / look / smile at sb sympathetically向某人点点头／望一眼／笑一笑表示同情■ gentle (approving) calm and kind; doing things in a quiet and careful way 文静的；温和的；温柔的；小心的◆Be gentle with her!待她温柔些！◆She agreed to come, after a little gentle persuasion.经过一番温和的劝说，她表示愿意来。◆He looks scary, but he's really a gentle giant.他看上去可怕，实际上却是个温和的巨人。OPP rough ⇨ violent ▸ gently adverb ◆She held the baby gently.她轻轻地抱着孩子。◆'You miss them, don't you?' he asked gently.“你想念他们，是吗？”他温和地问。■ humane / /hjuːˈmeɪn/ / (rather formal, approving) showing kindness towards people and animals by making sure that they do not suffer more than is necessary 善良的；仁慈的；人道的◆a caring and humane society充满人性关怀的社会◆The animals must be reared in humane conditions.这些动物必须在人道的环境中饲养。OPP inhumane , cruel ⇨ cruel see also humanity ⇨ sympathy ▸ humanely adverb ◆The dog was humanely destroyed.那条狗被人道毁灭了。■ compassionate / /kəmˈpæʃənət/ / (rather formal, approving) feeling or showing sympathy for people who are suffering 有同情心的；表示怜悯的◆Are these the actions of a compassionate and caring society?难道这就是一个充满同情与关怀的社会的所作所为吗？◆He was granted compassionate leave to visit his mother in hospital.他获准恩恤假去医院看望母亲。 see also compassion ⇨ sympathy ■ understanding (approving) showing sympathy for other people's problems and being willing to forgive them when they do sth wrong 善解人意的；富有同情心的；体谅人的◆She has very understanding parents.她的父母非常体谅她。 see also understand ⇨ understand 2 , understanding ⇨ sympathy noun ■ soft (usually approving) kind and sympathetic; easily affected by other people's suffering 有同情心的；仁厚的；心肠软的◆Julia's soft heart was touched by his grief.朱莉娅心肠软，见他悲伤便动了恻隐之心。 OPP hard ⇨ ruthless |