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convention noun
⇨ contract (the European Convention on Human Rights) ⇨ meeting 1 (the party's annual convention) ⇨ tradition (social conventions) contract noun ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ agreement 1 另见agreement条第1义contract ♦︎ treaty ♦︎ accord ♦︎ conventionThese are all words for an official agreement between people, organizations or countries. 这些词均表示合同、合约、协议。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a contract / a treaty / an accord / a convention between sb and sb◆a contract / a treaty / an accord with sb◆a treaty / an accord / a convention on sth◆a contract / a treaty / an accord to do sth◆under (a) contract / a treaty / an accord / a convention◆a draft contract / treaty / accord / convention◆an international contract / treaty / accord / convention◆to sign a contract / a treaty / an accord / a convention◆to comply with a contract / a treaty / an accord / a convention◆to approve a contract / a treaty / an accord / a convention◆to ratify a treaty / an accord / a convention◆to accept / draw up / negotiate / conclude / violate a contract / a treaty / an accord■ contract [countable] a formal written agreement between individuals, companies or organizations （个人、公司或机构间的）合同，合约，契约◆These clauses form part of the contract between buyer and seller.这些条款构成买卖双方所签合同的一部分。◆They won a contract for the delivery of five fighter planes.他们获得一份交付五架战斗机的合同。◆I was on a three-year fixed-term contract that expired last week.我签订的三年期合同于上周期满。◆She is under contract to (= has a contract to work for) a major US computer firm.她已签约为美国一家大型计算机公司工作。◆All employees have a written contract of employment.每个员工都有一份书面聘用合同。◆The offer has been accepted, subject to contract (= the agreement is not legally binding before contracts are signed).报价已获接受，尚待签约确实。◆They were sued for breach of contract (= not keeping to a contract).他们被指控违约。 see also contract ⇨ employ verb ■ treaty [countable] a formal agreement between two or more countries （国家间的）条约，协定◆The government concluded a peace treaty with the rebels.政府和叛乱者签订了和平协定。◆The new law may be in breach of the Treaty of Rome.这项新法可能违反《罗马条约》。■ accord /əˈkɔːd; NAmE əˈkɔːrd/ [countable] a formal agreement between two organizations or countries （两个机构或国家间的）协议，条约◆The countries drew up accords on economic and technical cooperation.两国草拟了经济和技术合作协议。■ convention [countable] a formal agreement between countries or leaders （国家或首脑间的）公约，协定，协议◆This is forbidden under the European Convention on Human Rights.这是《欧洲人权公约》所禁止的。◆Over 60 countries have yet to ratify the climate convention.超过60个国家还有待落实气候公约。NOTE 辨析 Treaty, accord or convention?A treaty and an accord are both official agreements between countries, for example concerned with restoring peace after a conflict, or trade, military or economic cooperation. Both are used in the names of particular agreements, often using the name of the place in which they were signed. * treaty和accord均指国家间的正式协定、条约，例如冲突之后恢复和平，或者贸易、军事或经济合作方面的。两个词均用于具体协定名称，常以签署地命名◆the Treaty of Rome《罗马条约》◆the Algiers Accord《阿尔及尔协定》An accord can also be an official agreement between organizations, such as between a government and a trade union. A convention is an international agreement between several countries. It usually contains rules about a particular activity, for example the sale of weapons, the treatment of refugees or controlling pollution. Conventions usually try to control a problem which affects many countries, and by signing the convention a country agrees to apply the rules or standards within it. * accord亦可指组织之间签署的正式协议，如政府和工会之间。convention是若干国家签署的国际协定，内容通常比较具体，例如武器销售、难民安置或污染控制等。convention通常是为了控制影响多国的问题，通过签署协定，一国同意遵守其条例或标准。 meeting1 noun a business meeting 业务会议a chance meeting 偶然的会面meeting ♦︎ conference ♦︎ session ♦︎ summit ♦︎ gathering ♦︎ assembly ♦︎ convention ♦︎ caucusThese are all words for an occasion when lots of people come together for a particular reason. 这些词均表示会议、集会、大会。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an annual meeting / conference / session / summit / gathering / assembly / convention◆an international meeting / conference / summit / gathering / assembly / convention◆a public meeting / gathering / assembly / session◆a two-day / three-day conference / session / summit / convention◆a bilateral / multilateral meeting / session / summit / convention◆an illegal meeting / gathering / assembly◆to hold a meeting / a conference / a session / a summit / a gathering / an assembly / a convention / a caucus◆to host a meeting / a conference / summit / gathering / convention◆to call a meeting / a conference / a session / a summit / an assembly / a caucus◆to attend a meeting / a conference / a session / a summit / a gathering / an assembly / a convention◆to chair a meeting / a conference / a session / a summit / an assembly◆to address a meeting / a conference / a session / a gathering / an assembly / a convention◆a meeting / conference / session / summit / gathering / convention takes place◆delegates to a conference / a session / a summit / an assembly / a convention■ meeting [countable] an occasion when people come together to discuss or decide sth 会议；集会◆a committee / staff meeting委员会／全体员工会议◆What time is the meeting?什么时候开会？◆Helen will chair the meeting (= be in charge of it).海伦将主持会议。◆I'll be in a meeting all morning－can you take my calls?我一上午都要开会－你能不能帮我接一下电话？◆A meeting of the United Nations Security Council was called.联合国安理会安排了一次会议。ⓘ The meeting [singular] is the people at a meeting. 单数形式的the meeting统称与会者◆The meeting voted to accept the pay offer.与会者投票接受这一工资提议。 ■ conference [countable, uncountable] a large official meeting, usually lasting for a few days, at which people with the same work or interests come together to discuss their views; a meeting at which people have formal discussions （通常持续几天的大型正式）会议，研讨会；（正式的）讨论会，商讨会◆She is attending a three-day conference on AIDS education.她正在出席一个为期三天的有关艾滋病教育的会议。◆The AIDS conference will be held in Glasgow.艾滋病大会将在格拉斯哥举行。◆He was in conference with his lawyers all day.他与他的律师们商讨了一整天。ⓘ A press conference (especially BrE) / news conference (NAmE) is a meeting at which sb talks to a group of journalists in order to answer their questions or to make an official statement. * press conference（尤用于英式英语）或news conference（美式英语）指记者招待会、新闻发布会。■ session [countable] a formal meeting or series of meetings of a court, parliament, etc.; a period of time when such meetings are held （法庭的）开庭，开庭期；（议会等的）会议，会期◆a session of the UN General Assembly一届联合国大会◆The court is now in session.法庭现在正在开庭。◆The committee met in closed session (= with nobody else present).委员会举行了闭门会议。■ summit [countable] an official meeting or series of meetings between the leaders of two or more governments at which they discuss important matters （政府间的）首脑会议；峰会◆The conference will form part of the European summit in Rome next month.这次会议是下个月在罗马召开的欧洲首脑会议的一部分。◆The President of Costa Rica will chair the summit meeting.哥斯达黎加总统将主持峰会。■ gathering [countable] a meeting of people for a particular purpose 聚集；聚会；集会◆a social / family gathering社交／家庭聚会◆He was asked to speak at a gathering of religious leaders.他获邀在宗教领袖的集会上讲话。■ assembly / /əˈsembli/ / [countable, uncountable] (rather formal) a meeting of people for a particular purpose 聚集；聚会；集会◆He was to address a public assembly on the issue.他将就这个问题在公众集会上发表演说。◆Laws governing freedom of assembly were gradually being relaxed.有关集会自由的法律正逐渐放宽。ⓘ An assembly [countable, uncountable] is also a meeting of the teachers and students in a school, often at the start of the day, to give information, discuss school events or say prayers together. * assembly亦指全校师生的晨会、朝会◆There is a whole school assembly every Friday morning.每个星期五早晨全校师生都要举行晨会。◆I'm playing the flute in assembly tomorrow morning.我明天早晨要在晨会上演奏长笛。 NOTE 辨析 Gathering or assembly?A gathering is often more informal than an assembly. A gathering may be a social event or an event at which people discuss matters of shared interest among themselves. An assembly is more often called to discuss a particular matter that people feel is very important, especially when they think it is not being properly addressed by the government or authorities. * gathering常不如assembly正式。gathering可指社交聚会，或指人们聚在一起讨论彼此共同感兴趣的话题的场合。人们召集assembly的目的往往是讨论他们认为很重要的特定问题，尤其是那些他们认为政府或当局未能妥善处理的问题。■ convention [countable] a conference, especially for the members of a profession, political party, fan club or other association （尤指某一职业、政党、爱好者俱乐部或其他协会的）成员大会，集会◆The party's annual convention will be held on April 6.该党的年度大会将于4月6日召开。■ caucus / /ˈkɔːkəs/ / [countable] (especially NAmE) a meeting of the members or leaders of a political party to choose candidates or to decide policy; the members or leaders of a political party as a group （由领导人或一般成员参加，为挑选候选人或制订政策的）政党会议；（政党的）全体成员，领导班子◆20 states will hold precinct caucuses on Tuesday to choose delegates to the parties' national conventions.20个州将于星期二召开选区政党会议，选出参加各党全国大会的代表。 tradition noun tradition ♦︎ practice ♦︎ custom ♦︎ convention ♦︎ normsThese are all words for behaviour that is accepted as usual by a group or society. 这些词均表示传统、习俗、常规。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆by tradition / custom / convention◆a tradition / custom / convention that ... ◆(an) established tradition / practice / custom / convention / norms◆accepted practice / conventions / norms◆social practice / custom / convention / norms◆cultural tradition / practice / convention / norms◆a local / British tradition / practice / custom◆traditional practices / customs / norms◆to follow a tradition / a practice / a custom / convention / ... norms◆to break with a tradition / practice / convention◆tradition / custom / convention demands sth■ tradition [countable, uncountable] a belief or way of doing sth that has existed for a long time among a group of people; a set of these beliefs or ways of doing sth 传统；传统的信仰（或行事方式）◆Germany has a tradition of good quality newspapers.德国报纸一贯品质很高。◆There is a tradition in our family that one of our ancestors was a Cherokee Indian.我们家有个传统信仰，认为我们有个祖先是切罗基印第安人。◆The bride's parents are by tradition expected to pay for the wedding.按照传统，新娘的父母要支付婚礼花费。◆He is in the great tradition of British travel writers.他继承了英国旅游作家的优良传统。◆This year there will be a break with tradition (= something different will be done).今年将打破传统。◆Brittany has a lively and very distinctive sense of tradition.布里塔尼有着浓厚且非常独特的传统意识。■ practice [uncountable, countable] a way of doing sth that is the usual or expected way in a particular organization or situation 通常的做法；惯例；常规◆It is standard practice not to pay bills until the end of the month.常规做法是月底才付账。◆They have produced a guide to best practice for employers.他们为员工制订了一份最佳行为指引。◆Members have to abide by the federation's code of practice.成员都要遵守联合会的行业规则。◆They have been studying Japanese business practices.他们一直在研究日本的营商之道。ⓘ Practices is often used to talk about the way in which businesses are run. Collocates include business, corrupt, discriminatory, employment, management, recruitment, restrictive, trading and working. * practices常指商业的运营方式，搭配词有business、corrupt、discriminatory、employment、management、recruitment、restrictive、trading和working。■ custom [countable, uncountable] a traditional and widely accepted way of doing things in a particular society, place or time 风俗；习俗◆They were unfamiliar with local customs and culture.他们不熟悉当地风俗和文化。◆It is the custom here to put flowers on the graves at Easter.复活节时，把鲜花放在坟墓上是这里的风俗。◆They poured wine round the trees in accordance with local custom.他们按当地习俗将葡萄酒浇洒在树周边。■ convention [countable, uncountable] the way of doing sth that most people in a society consider to be polite or the right thing to do; a traditional method or style in literature, art or theatre 习俗；常规；惯例；（文学、艺术或戏剧的）传统手法，传统风格◆The handshake is a social convention.握手是一种社会习俗。◆She is a lively young woman who enjoys flouting convention.她年轻活泼，喜欢无视传统习俗。◆The novel conforms to the conventions of nineteenth-century realism.这本小说遵循19世纪现实主义的传统手法。■ norms [plural] standards of behaviour that are typical of or accepted in a particular group 规范；行为标准◆Norms of dress vary from society to society.着装规范在不同的社会有不同的标准。◆She considered people to be products of the values and norms of the society they lived in.她认为人是其所生活的社会之价值观和规范的产物。 |