| 例句 |
even adj.
⇨ close (The scores were even.) ⇨ steady (an even pace) ⇨ get even ⇨ fight back phrasal verbclose /kləʊs; NAmE kloʊs/ adjective close ♦︎ even ♦︎ near ♦︎ narrow ♦︎ level ♦︎ marginal ♦︎ hard-fought ♦︎ neck and neckThese words all describe a race or contest in which two people or teams are equal, or a situation in which sth nearly happens or does not happen. 这些词均表示比赛或竞赛实力接近的、势均力敌的，或情况几乎出现或没有出现。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达势均力敌的程度| close | ➔ | even | | near | | level | | narrow | | neck and neck | | marginal | | | | hard-fought | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆level / neck and neck with sb◆a close / an even / a hard-fought contest◆a close / hard-fought battle / finish◆a narrow / hard-fought win / victory◆a narrow / marginal lead◆a close / narrow vote◆desperately close / hard-fought■ close (of a race or contest) won by only a small amount or distance; used to describe sth that nearly happens, usually a dangerous or unpleasant situation （速度比赛或竞赛）实力相近的，以微弱优势取胜的；（通常指危险或不好的事情几乎发生）差一点儿，险些◆It's a desperately close race－I can't quite see who is ahead.这真是一场势均力敌的比赛－我都分不太清楚谁在前面。◆The California election looks too close to call (= it is impossible to predict the result) as voters go to the polls.加州的选举在选民投票时很难预测结果。◆The invasion never happened but it was a close run thing (= it almost did).侵略始终没有发生，但是差一点就发生了。◆Phew! That was close－the motorbike nearly hit us.啊！好险！那辆摩托车差点儿就撞上我们了。■ even (of an amount) equal or the same for each person, team, place, etc.; (of two people or teams) equally balanced or of an equal standard （数量）相等的，均等的；（两人或两队）均衡的，水平相当的◆The scores were even at 2-2.分数是2比2平。◆The political goal was a more even distribution of wealth.政治目标是更平均地分配财富。◆The two players were pretty even.这两个选手不相上下。◆This seems to be a more even contest.这看来是一场更势均力敌的竞赛。OPP uneven ⓘ An uneven contest is one in which one group, team or player is much better than the other. * uneven形容比赛时指实力悬殊。■ near [only before noun] (no comparative or superlative 无比较级和最高级) being almost sth or almost happening 接近的；差不多的◆The election proved to be a near disaster for the party.这次选举对该党来说几乎是一场灾难。◆We won in the end but it was a near thing.我们最后获胜了，但是赢得很惊险。◆The climbers had already had one near miss (= almost had an accident) on the summit.这群登山者已经有过一次在山顶上差点出事的经历。■ narrow [usually before noun] only just achieved or avoided 勉强的；刚刚好的◆He blamed the goalkeeper for the narrow defeat against Ireland.被爱尔兰队险胜，他责怪起守门员来。◆She lost the race by the narrowest of margins.她以极小的差距在赛跑中落败了。◆She was elected by a narrow majority.她以微弱多数当选。◆He had a narrow escape (= nearly had a bad accident) when his car skidded on the ice.车在冰上打滑，他险些出事。■ level [not before noun] (especially BrE) (in sport) having the same score as sb （体育运动）得分相同◆A good second round brought him level with the tournament leader.他第二轮发挥良好，使他与锦标赛领先的选手得分持平。◆The clubs are level on points.各俱乐部得分相同。◆The score was level at 5 points each.比分是5比5平。◆France took an early lead but Wales soon drew level (= scored the same number of points).法国队开始领先，但很快威尔士队扳平了比分。■ marginal /ˈmɑːdʒɪnl; NAmE ˈmɑːrdʒɪnl/ [usually before noun] (especially BrE) (in politics) won or lost by a very small number of votes in the last election and therefore very important or interesting politically （议席或选区）边缘的，游离的（以微弱票数决定成败）◆Their campaign targeted marginal constituencies.他们的竞选活动针对边缘选区。◆They risk losing key marginal seats at the next election.他们有失去下次选举关键边缘席位的风险。OPP safe ⓘ In British politics a safe seat is a constituency where a particular party has a lot of support and is unlikely to be defeated in an election. 在英国政治中，safe seat指某政党稳操胜券的选区。■ ˌhard-ˈfought (of a contest or competition) that involves both sides fighting very hard to win （比赛）竞争激烈的◆It was a lively and hard-fought match.这是一场气氛热烈、竞争激烈的比赛。◆It was a hard-fought game.这是一场激烈的比赛。■ ˌneck and ˈneck idiom level with sb in a race or competition （速度比赛或竞赛中）势均力敌，不分上下，平手◆The cyclists were neck and neck as they approached the final lap.自行车运动员在接近最后一圈时战况激烈。◆He was running neck and neck with his Democrat rival.他和他的民主党竞争对手势均力敌。 steady adjective steady ♦︎ stable ♦︎ regular ♦︎ constant ♦︎ consistent ♦︎ static ♦︎ even ♦︎ unchangingThese words all describe things that follow a pattern and do not change. 这些词均表示规则的、稳定的、不变的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a steady / a stable / a constant / an even temperature◆a steady / constant / consistent trend / rate◆a steady / constant speed / stream / trickle◆a steady / a constant / an even flow◆a consistent / an unchanging pattern◆steady / stable / regular employment◆a steady / regular / constant supply◆steady / regular / even breathing◆a steady / stable / regular relationship◆to remain steady / stable / constant / consistent / static / even / unchanging◆more or less steady / stable / constant / consistent / static / even◆fairly steady / stable / constant / consistent / static / even◆very steady / stable / consistent / static / even■ steady developing, growing or changing gradually and in an even and regular way; not changing and not interrupted （发展、增长或变化）稳步的，匀速的；稳定的；恒定的◆We are making slow but steady progress.我们虽然缓慢但是在稳步前进。◆The castle receives a steady stream of visitors.来城堡参观的游客流量保持稳定。◆She drove at a steady 50 mph.她以每小时50英里的平稳速度开着车。◆She's got a steady boyfriend (= with whom she has a serious relationship or one that has lasted a long time).她有一个关系稳定的男朋友。 see also steady ⇨ firm ▸ steadily adverb ◆The company's exports have been increasing steadily.公司的出口量一直在稳步增长。◆The situation got steadily worse.局势逐渐恶化。■ stable (usually approving) not likely to change or fail 稳定的；稳固的◆He was not married, but he was in a stable relationship.他没有结婚，但是有关系稳定的女朋友。◆The industry should do everything it can to keep prices stable.该产业应尽一切努力保持价格稳定。◆The patient's condition is stable (= it is not getting worse).患者病情稳定。ⓘ In this meaning stable is used especially to talk about people's personal and home life * stable表达此义时尤用于修饰个人及家庭生活◆a stable mind / relationship / family / home稳定的心态／关系／家庭／住所the economic, political or social situation 也可修饰经济、政治或社会形势◆a stable situation / environment / government / population稳定的形势／环境／政府／人口◆stable employment稳定的工作or the condition of a patient who has been very ill, but who is not getting worse. 或者指危重病人病情稳定，没有恶化。 OPP unstable ⇨ uncertain see also stable ⇨ firm ■ regular following a pattern, especially with the same time and space between each thing and the next; (of a job, supply of sth or relationship) that continues for a long time, stays the same and can be relied on 规则的；有规律的；（工作、供应或关系）持久的，稳定的◆a regular pulse / heartbeat规律的脉搏／心跳◆There is a regular bus service to the airport.有公共汽车定时开往机场。◆A light flashed at regular intervals.有一盏灯有规律地闪着光。◆The equipment is checked on a regular basis.该设备定期进行检查。◆She couldn't find any regular employment.她找不到固定工作。◆This breed of dog benefits from a regular supply of green vegetables in its diet.这个品种的狗在饮食中配有定量的绿叶蔬菜会更健康。OPP irregular ⇨ variable see also regular ⇨ frequent NOTE 辨析 Steady or regular?Both steady and regular can be used to talk about a job, work, employment, an income, the supply of sth or a relationship that continues for a long time and that you can rely on. There is often no difference in meaning, but a regular job is sometimes used in contrast to another job that is not regular. * steady和regular都可描述job、work、employment、income、supply，也可描述relationship，表示关系是长期可靠的。两词在含义上常常没有区别，但regular job有时用于和另一份不稳定工作相对照◆I decided to give up the freelance work and concentrate on my regular job.我决定放弃自由职业的工作，专注于我的固定工作上。 Steady is not used in this way. * steady则不这样用。 ■ constant (rather formal or technical 术语) not changing at all in level or speed over a period of time （水平或速度）不变的，固定的，恒定的◆The samples need to be stored at a constant temperature.这些样本需要在恒温下保存。ⓘ Typical collocates of constant are flow, rate, rhythm, speed, state, improvement and temperature. * constant的常见搭配词有flow、rate、rhythm、speed、state、improvement和temperature。■ consistent / /kənˈsɪstənt/ / (rather formal) happening in the same way and continuing for a period of time 连续的；持续的◆There has been a pattern of consistent growth in the economy.经济呈持续增长态势。ⓘ Typical collocates of consistent are evidence, findings, results, quality, standards, growth, performance, success and failure. * consistent的常见搭配词有evidence、findings、results、quality、standards、growth、performance、success和failure。 OPP inconsistent ⇨ variable ▸ consistently adverb ◆Her work has been of a consistently high standard.她的工作一直是高水准的。■ static / /ˈstætɪk/ / (sometimes disapproving, especially business 尤用于商业) not moving, changing or developing 静止的；静态的；停滞的◆Sales were up 5% on last year, but pre-tax profits remained static.销售量比去年增加5%，但税前利润没有变化。ⓘ Unlike the other words in this group, static is often used when a lack of change is seen as a bad thing rather than a good thing, especially in business contexts. The opposite, dynamic, is an approving term. 与本组中的其他词不同，static常意味着缺乏变化是坏事而非好事，特别是在商业语境中。其反义词dynamic是个褒义词。 OPP dynamic ⇨ variable ■ even not changing very much in level or speed over a period of time （水平或速度）变化不大的，均匀的，平稳的◆Children do not learn at an even pace.孩子学东西的速度有快有慢。OPP uneven ⇨ variable ■ unchanging (written) that does not change, especially in terms of sth's basic pattern or principles （尤指基本模式或原则）永恒的，不变的◆The days went by, unchanging.时间一天天过去了，一切照旧。◆The party stood for certain unchanging principles.该党主张某些不变的原则。 fight back phrasal verb fight back ♦︎ retaliate ♦︎ get back at sb ♦︎ avenge ♦︎ hit back ♦︎ get even ♦︎ strike back ♦︎ settle a scoreThese words all mean to harm or punish sb in return for sth that they have done to you. 这些词均表示反击、报复、复仇。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to retaliate / get back at sb for sth◆to fight back / retaliate / strike back / settle a score against sb◆to fight back / hit back / strike back at sb◆to retaliate / hit back / strike back with sth◆to fight back / retaliate / hit back by doing sth■ ˌfight ˈback phrasal verb (fought, fought)to resist strongly or attack sb who has attacked you 奋力抵抗；还击◆Don't let them bully you. Fight back!别让他们欺负你。要还击！◆It is time to fight back against street crime.该是打击街头犯罪行为的时候了。◆The team fought back from 3-0 down to get a 3-3 draw.该队奋力反击，把比分从0比3落后扳成3比3平。■ retaliate / /rɪˈtælieɪt/ / [intransitive] to do sth that harms sb because they have harmed you first 报复；反击；复仇◆The police were pelted with stones and retaliated with tear gas.警方遭到石块攻击，以催泪瓦斯还击。◆The boy hit his sister, who retaliated by kicking him.男孩打了他妹妹，妹妹回敬他一脚。 see also retaliation ⇨ revenge ■ ˌget ˈback at sb phrasal verb (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) (informal, especially spoken) to do sth that harms or punishes sb because they have harmed you first 向某人报复；复仇◆I'll find a way of getting back at him!我会找机会报复他的！■ avenge / /əˈvendʒ/ / [transitive] (formal or literary) to punish or hurt sb in return for sth bad or wrong they have done to you, your family or friends 报（某事）之仇；向（某人）报仇◆He promised to avenge his father's murder.他发誓要报杀父之仇。◆She was determined to avenge herself on the man who had betrayed her.她决心报复那个辜负自己的男人。 see also vengeance ⇨ revenge ■ ˌhitˈ back phrasal verb (hitting, hit, hit) (rather informal) to reply angrily to criticism （对批评）回击，反击◆In a TV interview she hit back at her critics.她在电视采访中反驳了那些批评她的人。◆The chairman has hit back at claims in a national newspaper.主席在一家全国性报纸上驳斥了那些说法。■ get ˈeven idiom (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) (informal) to cause sb the same amount of trouble or harm as they have caused you 报复；算账；扯平◆I'll get even with you for this, just you wait.这事我会找你算账的，等着瞧吧！■ ˌstrike ˈback phrasal verb (struck, struck)to retaliate 报复；反击；复仇◆He urged his people to strike back if they were attacked.他敦促手下的人如果受到攻击要还击。NOTE 辨析 Retaliate or strike back? Strike back can be a more emotional term than retaliate. People talk about their own desire to strike back at sb who has hurt them; when you are talking about a situation that you are not involved in yourself, you might use the word retaliate. * strike back要比retaliate更具感情色彩。strike back指自己想要报复伤害过自己的人；如果说话者本人并未介入报复行动，可用retaliate◆She was filled with a desire to strike back at him.她一心想要报复他。◆Kay was sent off for retaliating against Walsh.凯因为报复沃尔什被罚下场。 ■ settle a ˈscore idiom to hurt or punish sb who has harmed or cheated you in the past 算账；报复◆It was a chance to settle a few scores with their neighbours.那是个跟他们的邻居算几笔旧账的机会。◆'Who would do such a thing?' 'Maybe someone with an old score to settle.'“谁会做这样的事呢？”“也许是结有宿怨的人吧。” |