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existence noun ⇨ life 1 (come into existence) ⇨ life 3 (a miserable existence)life1 noun no signs of life 没有生命迹象all your life 一辈子make life easier 使生活轻松些life ♦︎ existence ♦︎ survivalThese are all words for the state or fact of living or existing. 这些词均表示生存、存活或存在。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆sb / sth's very / continued / day-to-day existence / survival◆to threaten sb / sth's life / existence / survival◆to fight for your life / survival◆a struggle for existence / survival■ life [uncountable, countable] the state or fact of being alive as a person, animal or plant, shown by activities such as breathing, growing and reproducing; the state of being alive as a human being; an individual person's existence 生命;性命;人命;人的存活◆The body was cold and showed no signs of life.那具躯体冰凉,没有一点儿生命迹象。◆In spring the countryside bursts into life.春天乡村里一片生机盎然。◆The floods caused a massive loss of life (= many people were killed).洪水造成许多人丧生。◆He risked his life to save his daughter from the fire.他冒着生命危险把女儿从火中救了出来。◆The operation saved her life.手术挽救了她的生命。◆My grandfather lost his life (= was killed) in the Second World War.我祖父在第二次世界大战中丧生。◆You mustn't let anyone know-it's a matter of life and death (= sb's life depends on it).你千万别告诉任何人-这可是件生死攸关的事。ⓘ The life of a thing is the period of time when it exists or functions. 事物的life指的是它的存在期或有效期◆The International Stock Exchange started life as a London coffee shop.国际证券交易所起初是伦敦的一家咖啡馆。◆The product has a guaranteed shelf life (= the length of time that food or other items can be kept before it is too old to be sold) of 60 days.这种产品的保存期为60天。 OPP death ⇨ dead see also live ⇨ exist , live ⇨ survive ■ existence [uncountable] the state or fact of being real or living 存在;生存◆I was unaware of his existence until today.直到今天我才知道有他这么个人。◆This is the oldest Hebrew manuscript in existence.这是现存最古老的希伯来语手稿。◆Pakistan came into existence as an independent country after the war.战后巴基斯坦成为一个独立的国家。◆The crisis threatens the industry's continued existence.那次危机对这个行业的继续生存构成了威胁。 see also exist ⇨ exist ■ survival [uncountable] the state of continuing to live or exist, often in spite of difficulty or danger (继续)生存,存活;幸存◆His only chance of survival was to make his own way down the mountainside.只有找到下山的路,他才有望能活下来。◆Rhino poaching is now threatening the survival of the species.偷猎犀牛目前已危及这个物种的生存。◆Exporting is necessary for our economic survival.出口对经济发展是必不可少的。OPP extinction ⓘ Extinction is a situation in which a plant, animal, way of life, etc. stops existing. * extinction指某种动物、植物或生活方式等不复存在、灭绝、消亡◆The mountain gorilla is in danger of extinction.山地大猩猩有灭绝的危险。 see also survive ⇨ survive life3 noun no signs of life 没有生命迹象all your life 一辈子make life easier 使生活轻松些life ♦︎ experience ♦︎ lifestyle ♦︎ way of life ♦︎ living ♦︎ existenceThese are all words for the way in which people live. 这些词均表示人的生活方式。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆(sb's) day-to-day life / experience / living / existence◆(sb's) daily / everyday life / experience / existence◆a comfortable / busy life / lifestyle / existence◆a miserable / communal life / existence◆a traditional lifestyle / way of life◆to have / lead / enjoy a ... life / lifestyle / existence■ life [countable] the activities and experiences of a person during their life; a particular period of sb's life; the activities and experiences that are typical of all people or a particular way of living 个人生活;生活经历;(某种方式的)生活◆He has had a hard life.他一直过着艰难的生活。◆She led a life of luxury.她那时过着奢侈的生活。◆Many of these children have led very sheltered lives (= they have not had many different experiences).这些孩子很多都是温室里的花朵。◆He doesn't like to talk about his private life.他不愿谈及自己的私生活。◆She has a full social life.她的社交活动非常频繁。◆They emigrated to start a new life in America.他们移居美国,开始了新的生活。◆She has been an accountant all her working life.她在整个职业生涯里一直是会计师。◆They were very happy throughout their married life.他们婚后的生活一直非常幸福。◆He is young and has little experience of life.他还年轻,缺乏生活经验。◆We bought a dishwasher to make life easier.为使生活轻松些,我们买了一台洗碗机。◆In real life (= when she met him) he wasn't how she had imagined him at all.一见面才发现,他完全不是她所想象的那样。◆She enjoyed political life.她喜欢政治生活。◆How do you find life in America?你觉得美国的生活如何?■ experience [uncountable] the things that have happened to you that influence the way you think and behave 经历;阅历◆Experience has taught me that life can be very unfair.经历过的事使我懂得生活有时是很不公平的。◆It is important to try and learn from experience.努力从经验中学习是很重要的。◆In my experience, very few people really understand the problem.据我的经验看,很少有人真正理解这个问题。◆She knew from past experience that Ann would not give up easily.她凭以往的经验知道,安是不会轻易放弃的。◆The book is based on personal experience.这本书是根据个人经历写成的。◆He has had direct / first-hand experience of poverty.他对贫穷有着切身感受。 see also experience ⇨ event noun 1 , experience ⇨ knowledge noun , experience ⇨ have verb 3 ■ lifestyle / /ˈlaɪfstaɪl/ / [countable, uncountable] the way in which a person or a group of people lives and works 生活方式;工作方式◆She has had to curb her lavish lifestyle after losing millions in legal fees.损失了数百万诉讼费之后,她只得收敛自己挥霍无度的生活方式。◆Many people are trying to adopt a healthy lifestyle these days.如今许多人正试图选择一种健康的生活方式。■ a way of ˈlife■ sb's way of ˈlife■ the way of ˈlife idiom the typical pattern of behaviour of a person or group (个人或群体)特有的行为模式,典型的生活方式◆Making small adjustments to your way of life can allow you to find more time.对生活方式做一点小小的调整会使你有更多的时间。◆The expansion in tourism is seen as a threat to the islanders' traditional way of life.旅游业的扩张被视为对岛上居民传统生活方式的威胁。NOTE 辨析 Lifestyle or way of life?Often you can use either word. 这两个词常可通用◆to change / make adjustments to your lifestyle / way of life改变/调整你的生活方式However, a lifestyle is typically more modern and more individual than a way of life. An individual person might have a busy/hectic lifestyle or choose to adopt a modern/healthy/alternative lifestyle. A way of life is more likely to be traditional, old or British, Western, etc. and shared by a whole community. 不过,lifestyle通常比way of life更富现代感和个性化,一个人可能有一种busy/hectic lifestyle,或选取一种modern/healthy/alternative lifestyle;way of life更多与traditional、old或British、Western等词搭配,而且是整个群体共有的。 ■ living [uncountable] (especially in compounds or fixed phrases 尤用于构成复合词或固定短语) a way or style of life 生活方式◆The classes are about helping children make informed choices about healthy living.这些课程旨在帮助孩子对健康的生活方式作出明智的选择。◆The prisoners' living conditions were appalling.囚犯的生活条件极为恶劣。◆Their standard of living is very low.他们的生活水平很低。◆The cost of living has risen sharply.生活成本已急剧上涨。■ existence [countable] a way of living, especially when this is difficult or boring (尤指艰难或无聊的)生活,生活方式◆The family endured a miserable existence in a cramped and noisy apartment.这家人在一个狭小而又吵闹的公寓里艰难度日。◆They eke out a precarious existence (= they have hardly enough money to live on).他们勉强过着朝不保夕的生活。◆The peasants depend on a good harvest for their very existence (= in order to continue to live).农民靠丰收才能活命。 |