| 例句 |
gain verb
⇨ gain 1 (gain entry) ⇨ gain 2 (gain confidence/weight) ⇨ benefit (Who stands to gain from these changes?) ⇨ gain ground ⇨ develop 1gain noun
⇨ increase (weight gain) ⇨ profit (financial gain)gain1 verb gain entry/your independence 得以进入；获得独立gain confidence/weight 增加信心；增重 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ get 1 另见get条第1义gain ♦︎ win ♦︎ secure ♦︎ earn ♦︎ land ♦︎ procure ♦︎ netThese words all mean to obtain sth through skill, good qualities or effort. 这些词均表示取得、获得、赢得。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to gain / win / secure / earn / procure sth by (doing) sth◆to gain / win / secure / earn / procure sth for sb◆to gain / win / secure / earn support / approval◆to gain / win / earn respect / admiration◆to gain / earn a reputation◆to gain / earn notoriety◆to win / secure / land a contract◆to gain / secure access / entry◆to gain / win / secure / earn / land yourself sth■ gain [transitive] (rather formal) to obtain sth, especially sth that you need or want 获得，博得，取得（尤指所需或所想之物）◆The country gained its independence ten years ago.这个国家十年前取得了独立。◆The party gained over 50% of the vote.该党获得超过50%的选票。◆Her unusual talent gained her worldwide recognition.她非凡的才能赢得了举世公认。ⓘ Gain is used especially to talk about obtaining freedom ( access, entry, independence), recognition by others ( recognition, reputation) and knowledge ( insight, experience, knowledge, understanding). * gain尤指获得自由，搭配词有access、entry、independence；或指获得他人认可，搭配词有recognition、reputation；还可指获得知识，搭配词有insight、experience、knowledge、understanding。■ win (winning, won, won) [transitive] to achieve or get sth that you want, especially through hard work or ability or because of the good qualities you have （尤指通过努力、能力或良好品质）取得，获得◆She won the admiration of many people in her battle against cancer.她在与癌症的抗争中赢得许多人的钦佩。◆He won a scholarship to study at Stanford.他获得奖学金去斯坦福大学学习。ⓘ In this meaning win is used especially to talk about getting people's admiration, support and respect, as well as agreements to provide money (a scholarship) or work (a contract). 表达此义时，win尤与admiration、support、respect搭配，指赢得他人敬佩等；也可与scholarship或contract等词搭配，指获得资助或工作。■ secure [transitive] (formal) to obtain or achieve sth, especially through hard work or ability （尤指通过努力或能力）获得，取得，实现◆He's just secured a $5 million contract.他刚赢得一份500万元的合同。◆She secured 2 000 votes.她获得2 000票。◆He secured himself a place at law school.他取得了法学院的入学资格。ⓘ Secure is often used in legal, financial or other business contexts. * secure常用于法律、金融或其他商业语境。■ earn [transitive] to get sth that you deserve, usually because of sth good you have done or the good qualities you have 应得；博得；赢得◆He earned a reputation as an expert on tax law.他赢得了税法专家的美名。◆Her outstanding ability earned her a place on the team.她非凡的能力为她在队中赢得了一席之地。■ land [transitive] to succeed in getting a job or other opportunity, especially one that a lot of other people want 成功得到，赢得（尤指许多人想得到的工作或机会）◆He's just landed a starring role in Spielberg's next movie.他刚得到一个机会，在斯皮尔伯格的下一部电影里担任主角。◆She's just landed herself a company directorship.她刚在一家公司谋到一个主管的职位。■ procure /prəˈkjʊə(r); NAmE prəˈkjʊr/ [transitive] (formal) to obtain sth, especially with difficulty （设法）获得，取得，得到◆She managed to procure a ticket for the concert.她好不容易弄到一张音乐会的门票。◆They procured us a copy of the report.他们给我们弄到了一份报告的副本。■ net (-tt-) [transitive] (written, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) to catch sb or obtain sth in a skilful way （巧妙地）捕获，得到◆A swoop by customs officers netted a large quantity of drugs.海关人员突然搜查，缉获了大量毒品。ⓘ People might also net such things as business, a contract or clients. * net还可与business、contract或client搭配。 gain2 verb gain entry/your independence 得以进入；获得独立gain confidence/weight 增加信心；增重gain ♦︎ increase in sth ♦︎ put sth onThese words all mean to gradually get more of sth. 这些词均表示增加、增进、增长。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to gain / increase in / put on weight◆to gain / increase in strength■ gain [transitive] to gradually get more of sth 增加；增进；增长◆She has gained confidence since the World Championships.世界锦标赛后，她的信心增强了。◆His ideas gradually gained acceptance.他的观点逐渐得到认可。◆I've gained weight recently.最近我的体重增加了。 see also gain ⇨ increase noun ■ increase in sth phrasal verb to become greater in amount, number, value or strength （数量、价值或强度）增长，增多，增加◆Oil has increased in price.石油价格上涨了。◆As the storm increased in strength huge waves crashed over the decks.暴风雨越发猛烈，巨浪扑打在甲板上。 see also increase ⇨ increase noun ■ ˌput sth ˈon phrasal verb (putting, put, put)to become heavier, especially by the amount mentioned 增加（若干）体重；发胖◆She looks like she's put on weight.她似乎发胖了。◆He must have put on several pounds.他体重一定增加了好几磅。 benefit verb benefit ♦︎ gain ♦︎ profit ♦︎ cash inThese words all mean to obtain an advantage or benefit from sth. 这些词均表示获益。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to benefit / gain / profit from sth◆the company / industry / farmer benefits / gains / profits / cashes in◆the customer / consumer / individual benefits / gains◆to expect / hope to benefit / gain / profit / cash in◆to stand to benefit / gain / profit■ benefit [intransitive] (rather formal) to get an advantage or benefit from sth （从⋯中）受益，获益◆Most crime victims benefit greatly by talking about their experiences.倾诉自己的经历对大多数犯罪受害人来说都大有好处。■ gain [transitive, intransitive] to get an advantage or benefit from sth （从⋯中）受益，获益◆There is nothing to be gained from delaying the decision.推迟决定不会有任何好处。◆Who stands to gain from the deal?谁会从交易中获益呢？NOTE 辨析 Benefit or gain?In many cases you can use either word. 在许多情况下这两个词可以通用◆Who stands to benefit / gain from these changes?谁会从这些改变中获益呢？However, gain is used more often to talk about financial advantages, or having an advantage over other people; benefit is used more often to talk about sb being in a better position than before, for example because they are happier, healthier or better educated. Benefit is slightly more formal than gain and cannot be used with an object. 不过，gain较常指在金钱上获益，或者比他人有优势；benefit较常指某人由于比以前更快乐、更健康、受到更好的教育等而改善境况。benefit较gain稍正式，不能带宾语◆There is nothing to be benefited from delaying. ■ profit [intransitive, transitive] (formal) to get an advantage from a situation, especially in business; (of a situation) to give sb an advantage （尤指在商业上）获益，得到好处；（情况）对⋯有利◆Farmers are profiting from the new legislation.新法规使农民受益。◆Many local people believe the development will profit them.当地的许多人认为，这项开发会对他们有利。ⓘ Profit is more formal than benefit or gain and is mostly used to talk about financial gain. * profit较benefit和gain正式，大多指在金钱上获益。 see also profit ⇨ make 3 ■ ˌcash ˈin phrasal verb (rather informal, disapproving) to gain an advantage for yourself from a situation, especially in a way that other people think is wrong or immoral 从中牟利；捞到好处◆The film studio is being accused of cashing in on the singer's death.那家电影制片厂被指责利用这个歌手的死来赚钱。 develop1 verb develop from a small village into a thriving resort 从一个小村落发展成繁荣的旅游胜地develop new software 开发新软件 ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ improve 2 另见improve条第 2义develop ♦︎ move ♦︎ evolve ♦︎ progress ♦︎ gain ground ♦︎ advance ♦︎ shape up ♦︎ come on/along ♦︎ matureThese words all mean to gradually become bigger, better, stronger or more advanced. 这些词均表示发展、壮大、进步。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to develop / move / evolve / progress / mature from sth◆to develop / move / evolve / progress to sth◆to develop / evolve / mature into sth◆to develop / move / evolve / progress / advance towards sth◆to develop / move / evolve / progress / advance beyond sth◆an idea develops / evolves / gains ground◆a style / theory develops / evolves◆a war / campaign develops / progresses◆to develop / move / evolve / progress / gain ground / advance / mature rapidly / slowly◆to develop / move / evolve / progress / gain ground / advance steadily◆to develop / move / evolve / progress / advance further◆to be developing / progressing / shaping up / coming on well■ develop [intransitive] to gradually become bigger, better, stronger or more advanced; to start to have a skill or quality that becomes better and stronger 成长；发展；加强；增强◆The child is developing normally.这孩子发育正常。◆The place has rapidly developed from a small fishing community into a thriving tourist resort.那个地方已经由一个小渔村迅速发展成繁荣的旅游胜地。◆Their relationship has developed over a number of years.他们的关系是多年发展起来的。 see also development ⇨ progress ■ move [intransitive] (always used with an adverb or preposition 总是与副词或介词连用) (rather informal) to make progress in the way or direction mentioned （以⋯方式或朝某方向）前进，进步，进展◆Time is moving on.时代在进步。◆Share prices moved ahead today.今天股票价格上涨了。◆Things are not moving as fast as we hoped.事情的进展不像我们希望的那么快。ⓘ Move is usually followed by an adverb of direction such as on, ahead or up, or an adverb indicating speed such as fast, slowly, quickly, rapidly, or steadily. * move通常后接方位副词，如on、ahead或up，或表示速度的副词，如fast、slowly、quickly、rapidly或steadily。■ evolve / /iˈvɒlv; NAmE iˈvɑːlv/ [intransitive] (rather formal) to develop gradually, especially from a simple to a more complicated form 逐渐形成，逐渐发展，逐渐演变（尤指从简单变为复杂）◆The idea evolved from a drawing I discovered in the attic.这种想法是受了我在阁楼里发现的一幅画的启发。◆The company has evolved into a major chemical manufacturer.该公司已逐步发展成一家主要的化学制品生产商。 see also evolve ⇨ turn 2 ▸ evolution /ˌiːvəˈluːʃn, ˌevəˈluːʃn/ noun [uncountable] ◆In politics Britain has preferred evolution to revolution (= gradual development to sudden violent change).英国在政治上喜欢渐进而不喜欢剧变。■ progress /prəˈgres/ / [intransitive] to improve or develop over a period of time; to make progress 进步；改进；进展◆The course allows students to progress at their own speed.本课程可以让学生按各自的速度学习。◆Work on the new road is progressing slowly.新公路的修建工作在缓慢进行。ⓘ In this meaning progress is used to talk about a person such as a student who is learning over a period of time, or a piece of work or a project. 表达此义时，progress用来表示学习、工作或项目的进展情况。 see also progress , progression ⇨ progress noun ■ gain ˈground idiom to become more powerful or successful 发展壮大；取得进展；取得成功◆Sterling continues to gain ground against the dollar.英镑对美元的比价继续坚挺。◆These ideas slowly gained ground over the next ten years.在随后的十年里这些观点慢慢地被人们接受了。ⓘ Gain ground is most often used to talk about a system, a party or movement, or sb's views or ideas. * gain ground的主语最常为system、party、movement或views、ideas。■ advance [intransitive](of knowledge or technology) to develop and improve （知识或技术）发展，进步◆Our knowledge of the disease has advanced considerably in recent years.近年来我们对这种疾病的了解大为加深。◆As medical science advances, treatments are becoming more and more expensive.随着医学的发展，治疗费用越来越高了。 see also advance , advancement ⇨ progress noun ■ ˌshape ˈup phrasal verb (often used in the progressive tenses 常用于进行时) (rather informal, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) to develop in a particular way, especially in a satisfactory way 发展，进展（顺利）◆Our plans are shaping up nicely (= showing signs that they will be successful).我们的计划进行得很顺利。◆It's shaping up to be an exciting climax to the championships.看来这将会成为这次锦标赛的一个激动人心的高潮。■ ˌcome ˈon ■ ˌcome along phrasal verb (came, come) (usually used in the progressive tenses 通常用于进行时) (spoken) to improve or develop in the way you want 改进；改善；进展◆'How's the project going?' 'Oh, it's coming on.'“项目进展得如何？”“哦，挺顺利的。”◆It was spring, and the garden was coming along nicely.那是春天，花园里一片欣欣向荣。■ mature /məˈtʃʊə(r), məˈtjʊ(r); NAmE məˈtʃʊr, məˈtʊr/ [intransitive] (rather formal) to fully develop a particular skill or quality （技能或素质）充分发展；成长◆She has matured into one of the country's finest actresses.她已经成长为这个国家最优秀的演员之一。 increase noun increase ♦︎ growth ♦︎ inflation ♦︎ rise ♦︎ gain ♦︎ surge ♦︎ hike ♦︎ spiral ♦︎ raise ♦︎ upturnThese words all refer to a situation when the amount, level or number of sth goes up. 这些词均表示数量的增加、增长或水平的提高。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an increase / growth / inflation / a rise / a gain / a surge / a hike / a spiral / an upturn in sth◆an increase / growth / inflation / a rise / a gain / a surge / a hike of 20%◆(a) significant / sharp increase / growth / inflation / rise / gain / surge / hike / upturn◆(a) large / considerable / huge / massive increase / growth / inflation / rise / gain / surge / hike◆(a) sudden increase / growth / inflation / rise / gain / surge / hike / upturn◆(a) moderate increase / growth / inflation / rise / hike◆(a) slow / gradual / steady increase / growth / inflation / rise / spiral◆(a) tax / price / wage increase / growth / inflation / rise / hike / raise◆to see an increase / growth / inflation / a rise / a gain / a surge / a hike / an upturn◆to lead to / mean / report an increase / growth / inflation / a rise / a gain / a surge / a hike◆to cause / represent an increase / growth / inflation / a rise / a gain / a surge◆to show an increase / growth / a rise / a gain / a surge■ increase [countable, uncountable] a rise in the amount, number or level of sth 增长；增多；增加◆There has been a steady increase in demand for the service.对这种服务的需求稳步增长。◆This year saw an increase of nearly 20% in the number of visitors.今年游客人数增加了近20%。◆The figures show a significant increase on last year's turnover.数据显示营业额比去年有了显著增长。◆Homelessness is on the increase (= increasing).无家可归者越来越多。OPP cut , decrease , reduction ⇨ reduction see also increase in sth ⇨ gain verb 2 , increase ⇨ rise verb ■ growth [uncountable, singular] an increase in the size, amount or degree of sth 增加；增长；增强◆The report links population growth with rural poverty.该报告把人口增长与农村的贫困联系起来。◆The growth in average earnings has remained constant.平均收入保持了连续增长。◆Recent years have seen a huge growth of interest in alternative medicine.近年来人们对替代疗法的兴趣愈加浓厚了。 see also grow ⇨ rise verb ■ inflation / /ɪnˈfleɪʃn/ / [uncountable] a rise in the prices of services and goods in a country, resulting in a fall in the value of money; the rate at which this happens 通货膨胀；通胀率◆The bank is introducing new measures to curb inflation.银行正采取抑制通货膨胀的新措施。◆Wage increases must be in line with inflation.工资的增长必须与通货膨胀一致。◆Inflation is currently running at 3%.当前的通胀率为3%。■ rise [countable] an increase in the number, amount or level of sth 增长；增多；增加◆The industry is feeling the effects of recent price rises.该行业已感觉到最近价格上涨的影响。◆There has been a sharp rise in the number of people out of work.失业人数急剧增长。OPP fall , decline , drop ⇨ reduction see also rise ⇨ rise verb NOTE 辨析 Increase, growth or rise?In many cases you can use any of these words. 在许多情况下这三个词可以通用◆a rapid increase / growth / rise in the number of private cars私家车数量的迅速增加 Growth is often uncountable and is used especially to talk about size: population growth is much more typical than 'population increase/rise'. It is also more often used to talk about sth positive. * growth常作不可数名词，尤指规模的增长；population growth比population increase/rise更常用。growth更多指好的增长◆the growth in earnings / employment / demand收入／就业／需求的增长 Increase and rise are often used to talk about more negative things. * increase和rise常指较负面的增长◆an alarming increase / rise in violent crime暴力犯罪惊人的增加 Increase is more general than rise, used for things that increase by themselves or that are increased deliberately by sb. Rise is used more for things that happen to rise, rather than for deliberate increases. Price rises are seen from the point of view of the people buying things, not selling them. Businesses announce price increases; customers feel the effects of price increases/rises. 与rise相比，increase的意思更宽泛，指自身或人为的增长。rise较多指偶然发生的而非人为的增长。price rises表示从买者而非卖者的角度看到的价格上涨。商家宣布提价用 announce price increases表示；消费者感觉到提价的影响用feel the effects of price increases/rises表示。 ■ gain [countable, uncountable] an increase in the amount of sth, especially in wealth or weight （尤指财富或重量的）增值，增加◆a £3 000 gain from our investment从我们的投资中获取的3 000英镑的收益◆Regular exercise is the best way of preventing weight gain.经常锻炼是防止体重增加的最佳方法。 OPP loss ⓘ Loss [uncountable, countable] is the state of no longer having sth or as much of sth, or the process that leads to this. * loss指丧失、损失、丢失◆weight loss体重减轻◆loss of blood失血◆The closure of the factory will lead to a number of job losses.工厂倒闭会使许多人失业。 see also loss ⇨ debt , gain ⇨ gain verb 2 ■ surge / /sɜːdʒ; NAmE sɜːrdʒ/ [countable] a sudden increase that happens in the amount or number of sth; a large amount of sth （数量的）急剧上升，激增；大量；一大批◆Economists have reported a surge in consumer spending.经济学家通报了消费开支的激增。◆After an initial surge of interest, there has been little call for our services.开始时的一阵新鲜劲过后，对我们服务的需求变得很小。 see also surge ⇨ soar verb , surge ⇨ wave noun 2 ■ hike [countable] (informal, especially journalism 尤用于新闻) a large or sudden increase that sb makes in prices or taxes （价格或税额的）大幅度提高，猛增◆Higher crude oil prices mean price hikes for consumers too.原油价格的上涨对消费者来说意味着物价也会大幅度提高。◆Borrowers will be hit hard by the latest hike in interest rates.新近利率的大幅上扬将使借款人遭受沉重打击。■ spiral /ˈspaɪrəl/ / [uncountable] a continuous harmful increase in sth, that gradually gets faster and faster 螺旋式上升（指有害的持续加速增长）◆How can we halt the destructive spiral of violence in the inner cities?我们怎样才能遏止内城区日益严重的破坏性暴力行为？◆The country is caught in a vicious spiral of rising wages and prices.该国陷入了工资和物价持续上涨的恶性循环之中。ⓘ Spiral can also be used to talk about a similar harmful decrease in sth. * spiral亦可指类似的有害的下降◆The book gives a harrowing account of a downward spiral of drink, drugs and despair.这本书对从酗酒、吸毒再到绝望的沉沦之路作了令人心痛的描述。 ■ raise [countable] (NAmE) an increase in the money you are paid for the work you do 加薪；工资增长◆If I asked my boss for a raise he'd fire me.我要是要求老板加薪，他会解雇我。ⓘ In British English this is called a rise. 在英式英语中表达此义用rise。■ upturn /ˈʌptɜːn; NAmE >ˈʌptɜːrn/ [countable, usually singular] an increase in the amount of business that is done; a time when the economy becomes stronger （营业额的）增加，提高；（经济的）回升，好转◆The restaurant trade is on the upturn.餐饮业正在复苏。◆an upturn in the economy经济好转 OPP downturn ⇨ reduction profit noun profit ♦︎ interest ♦︎ earnings ♦︎ dividend ♦︎ return ♦︎ surplus ♦︎ gainThese are all words for money that a company or person makes from selling sth or from investments, after paying the costs involved. 这些词均表示利润、收益。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆(a) profit / interest / earnings / dividend / return / surplus / gain on sth◆(a) profit / interest / earnings / dividend / return / surplus / gain from sth◆to do sth for profit / gain◆to be in profit / surplus◆(a) good profit / interest / earnings / dividend / return / gains◆(a) record profit / interest / earnings / dividend / return / surplus / gains◆(a) high / low profit / interest / earnings / dividend / return / gains◆(a) large / huge / small profit / dividend / return / surplus / gains◆(a) net profit / earnings / interest / dividend / return / surplus / gains◆(a) gross / taxable profit / earnings / interest / dividend / return / gains◆(an) annual profit / earnings / interest / dividend / return / surplus◆to generate a profit / earnings / interest / a return / a surplus◆to make / produce a profit / return / surplus / gain◆to pay interest / a dividend◆a rate of interest / return■ profit [countable, uncountable] the money that you make in business or by selling things, especially after paying the costs involved 利润；收益；盈利◆The company made a healthy profit of $106m last year.该公司去年收益颇丰，盈利1.06亿元。◆We should be able to sell the house at a profit.我们卖掉这所房子应该可以获利。◆The agency is voluntary and not run for profit.这个机构是义务性的，不为盈利。OPP loss ⇨ debt see also profit ⇨ make verb 3 , proceeds ⇨ revenue ■ interest [uncountable] (finance 金融) the extra money that you pay back when you borrow money or that you receive when you invest money 利息◆They're paying 16% interest on the loan.他们这笔贷款的利息是16%。◆The Gold Account pays monthly interest of 5.5%.金账户月息5.5%。◆The money was repaid with interest.这笔钱是带息偿还的。◆Interest rates have risen by 1%.利率上升了1%。■ earnings [plural] (finance 金融) the profit that a company makes 利润；收益；盈利◆The company's earnings per share have fallen to 29p.该公司的每股收益降至29便士。◆Whisky accounts for a large percentage of Scotland's export earnings.威士忌占苏格兰出口利润的比例很大。 see also earnings ⇨ income ■ dividend / /ˈdɪvɪdend/ / [countable] (finance 金融) a part of a company's profit that it pays to people who own shares in the company 红利；股息；股利◆Shareholders will receive an interim dividend payment of 50 cents a share.股东将获得每股50分的中期股息。■ return [uncountable, countable] (finance 金融) the profit produced by an investment 回报；收益；利润◆The bank offers a higher rate of return on investments over $10 000.这家银行给1万元以上的投资更高的回报率。◆The capital she invested failed to generate much of a return.她投入的资金没有获得多少回报。■ surplus [countable, uncountable] (finance 金融) the amount by which the amount of money received is greater than the amount of money spent 盈余；顺差◆Britain at that time enjoyed a trade surplus of £400 million.那个时期英国的贸易盈余有4亿英镑。◆The balance of payments was in surplus last year (= the value of exports was greater than the value of imports).去年的国际收支有盈余。■ gain [uncountable, countable, usually plural] (often disapproving) profit 利润；经济收益◆She only seems to be interested in personal gain.她似乎只在乎个人的收益。◆He spent his ill-gotten gains on fast cars and women.他那些不义之财都花在了跑车和女人身上。 |