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intellectual adj.
⇨ intellectual 1 (intellectual abilities/discussion) ⇨ intellectual 2 (an intellectual audience/elite)intellectual noun
⇨ scholarintellectual1 adjective intellectual abilities/discussion 智能；思想交锋an intellectual audience/elite 聪明的观众；知识精英intellectual ♦︎ theoretical ♦︎ psychological ♦︎ mental ♦︎ abstract ♦︎ philosophical ♦︎ academic ♦︎ conceptualThese words all describe things that are connected with ideas or the mind rather than the physical world. 这些词均表示思想的、理智的、观念上的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an intellectual / a theoretical / a psychological / sb's mental / an abstract / a philosophical / an academic / a conceptual approach◆an intellectual / a theoretical / a philosophical / an academic / a conceptual framework◆intellectual / theoretical / psychological / abstract / philosophical / conceptual terms◆an intellectual / a theoretical / a psychological / a mental / an abstract / a philosophical concept◆intellectual / abstract / philosophical / academic / conceptual thought / thinking◆intellectual / theoretical / abstract / philosophical / academic discussion / argument / debate◆an intellectual / a theoretical / a psychological / a mental / a philosophical / a conceptual problem◆theoretical / psychological / philosophical / academic study◆purely intellectual / theoretical / psychological / mental / abstract / philosophical / academic / conceptual◆highly / largely intellectual / theoretical / abstract / academic■ intellectual / /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl/ / [usually before noun] connected with or using sb's ability to think in a logical way and understand things 智力的；脑力的；理智的◆It can be very difficult to measure intellectual ability.智力水平很难进行测验。◆You can't really appreciate art from a purely intellectual standpoint.从纯理性的角度不可能真正地欣赏艺术。▸ intellectually adverb ◆The party carries no weight intellectually.该党在思想上没有什么影响力。◆It's an intellectually demanding job.这是个对智力要求很高的工作。■ theoretical / /ˌθɪəˈretɪkl; NAmE ˌθiːəˈretɪkl/ [usually before noun] concerned with the ideas and principles on which a subject is based rather than with practice or experiments 理论上的◆We aim to provide you with both theoretical and practical knowledge of your subject.我们力求为你们提供所学科目的理论和实践知识。◆The emphasis of his lectures is on theoretical physics.他讲座的重点是理论物理学。OPP practical , experimental ⇨ practical see also theory ⇨ theory 1 ▸ theoretically adverb ◆Travelling faster than the speed of light is theoretically impossible.运行速度超过光速在理论上是不可能的。◆Theoretically, education is free in this country.该国的教育按理说是免费的。■ psychological /ˌsaɪkəˈlɒdʒɪkl; NAmE ˌsaɪkəˈlɑːdʒɪkl/ [usually before noun] connected with the mind and how it works 心灵的；心理的◆Victory in the previous game should give them a psychological advantage over their opponents.上一场比赛的胜利使他们比对手有心理优势。◆Her latest movie is a tense psychological drama.她的最新影片是一部情节紧张的心理剧。◆I think his illness is more psychological (= caused by the mind) than physical.我认为他的病是心病，而不是身体上的。▸ psychologically adverb ◆Some of these so-called therapies can actually be psychologically harmful.这些所谓的治疗有一些实际上会对心理造成伤害。■ mental [usually before noun] connected with or happening in the mind; involving the process of thinking 思想的；精神的；思考的；智力的◆The experience caused her huge amounts of mental suffering.那次经历给她带来了巨大的精神痛苦。◆Do you have a mental picture of the scene (= can you imagine what it looks like)?你能想象那场景是什么样子吗？◆I made a mental note to call her as soon as I got home.我让自己记着一到家就给她打电话。◆I have a complete mental block (= I cannot learn or remember) when it comes to physics.我对物理一点都学不进去。◆Are you any good at mental arithmetic (= mathematical calculations that you do in your mind rather than on paper)?你擅长心算吗？▸ mentally adverb ◆The team were outplayed, physically and mentally.该队在体力上和精神上都被打败了。◆You need to be mentally prepared for the race.你得为比赛做好心理准备。■ abstract /ˈæbstrækt/ / based on general ideas and not on any particular real person, thing or situation; existing in thought or as an idea but not having any physical reality 抽象的（与具体情况或具体经验相对）；纯理论的◆Freedom is more than a purely abstract notion.自由并不仅仅是一个纯粹抽象的概念。◆We may talk of beautiful things but beauty itself is abstract.我们尽可谈论美的事物，但美本身却是抽象的。OPP concrete ⇨ final see also abstraction ⇨ idea 1 ▸ the abstract noun [singular] ◆Legal questions rarely exist in the abstract; they are based on real cases.法律问题很少以抽象理论形式存在，它们是以真实的案例为基础的。■ philosophical / /ˌfɪləˈsɒfɪkl; NAmE ˌfɪləˈsɑːfɪkl/ [usually before noun] connected with philosophy; involving serious thinking about life, the universe and other important issues 哲学的；思辨的◆The level of philosophical debate is usually quite high.哲学辩论的水平通常很高。▸ philosophically adverb ◆She is right-wing both politically and philosophically.她在政治上和哲学上都是右翼。■ academic [usually before noun] involving a lot of reading or studying rather than practical or technical skills 学术的（与实践技能或技术技能相对）◆I wasn't sure I could cope with the academic demands of the course.我没把握应付得了这门课的学术要求。◆She had very few academic qualifications.她的学术资历很欠缺。▸ academically adverb ◆They are all well qualified academically, but have little practical experience.他们在学历上完全够格，但几乎没有什么实践经验。■ conceptual /kənˈseptʃuəl/ / (formal) connected with or based on ideas 概念（上）的；观念（上）的◆She presents a conceptual framework for the analysis of educational processes.她提出了一个分析教育过程的概念框架。 see also concept ⇨ idea 1 ▸ conceptually adverb ◆conceptually similar / distinct概念上相似／不同 intellectual2 adjective intellectual abilities/discussion 智能；思想交锋an intellectual audience/elite 聪明的观众；知识精英intellectual ♦︎ cultured ♦︎ literary ♦︎ studious ♦︎ learned ♦︎ scholarly ♦︎ highbrow ♦︎ bookishThese are all words for sb who is interested in books, academic study, serious culture, etc. 这些词均表示有才智的、有学问的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆an intellectual / a cultured / a literary / a studious young / a learned / a scholarly / a bookish man / woman◆(a / an) intellectual / cultured / literary / learned / scholarly / highbrow readers / readership◆an intellectual / a cultured / a literary / a scholarly elite◆highly intellectual / cultured / literary■ intellectual / /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl/ / well educated and enjoying activities that involve serious thought 有才智的；智力发达的◆His works were popular among the intellectual elite of the time.他的作品在当时很受知识精英欢迎。◆Don't imagine that all college students are highly intellectual!别以为大学生的智力都很高！ see also intellectual ⇨ scholar noun ■ cultured / /ˈkʌltʃəd; NAmE ˈkʌltʃərd/ (approving) well educated and able to understand and enjoy art, literature, etc. 有教养的；有修养的；文雅的◆She was a deeply cultured woman who had travelled a great deal.她是个文化修养很深的女人，走过很多地方。◆He spoke with a cultured accent (= the accent of a cultured person).他讲话很儒雅。■ literary /ˈlɪtərəri; NAmE ˈlɪtəreri/ liking literature very much and knowing a lot about it; involved in studying or writing literature 爱好且精通文学的；从事文学研究（或写作）的◆She was one of the great literary figures of her age.她是那个时代一位了不起的文学家。◆He was a literary man and had dreamed of becoming the Shakespeare of the movies.他是个文人，曾经梦想成为电影界的莎士比亚。■ studious /ˈstjuːdiəs; NAmE ˈstuːdiəs/ spending a lot of time studying or reading 勤奋的；好学的；用功的◆She was a quiet, studious girl.她是个文静、用功的女孩。◆He liked to wear glasses, which he thought made him look studious.他喜欢戴眼镜，他觉得这让他显得很博学。■ learned /ˈlɜːnɪd; NAmE ˈlɜːrnɪd/ [usually before noun] (formal) having a lot of knowledge based on serious study and reading 有学问的；知识渊博的；博学的◆The lecture was given by an elderly learned professor.讲课的是一位学识渊博的老教授。 see also learning ⇨ knowledge ■ scholarly /ˈskɒləli; NAmE ˈskɑːlərli/ (rather formal) spending a lot of time studying and having a lot of knowledge about an academic subject 勤奋好学的；有学问的◆He was a very scholarly young man.他是个很有学识的年轻人。NOTE 辨析 Studious, learned or scholarly? Studious emphasizes a person's habits and how much time they spend studying; a studious person is usually young. Learned emphasizes how much a person knows, especially knowledge based on a lifetime of study; a learned person is usually old. Scholarly emphasizes both the habit of studying and the knowledge got from studying; a scholarly person can be young or old. * studious强调一个人的学习习惯和在学习上花的时间，通常用来形容年轻人。learned强调一个人懂得多少，尤其强调毕生之所学，通常用来形容长者。scholarly既强调学习习惯，也强调通过学习获得的知识，既可形容年轻人，亦可形容长者。■ highbrow /ˈhaɪbraʊ/ / (sometimes disapproving) concerned with or interested in serious artistic or cultural ideas 关于正统艺术（或文化）思想的；对正统艺术（或文化）感兴趣的◆The journal is aimed at a highbrow readership.这份刊物针对的是高品位的读者。ⓘ Highbrow usually describes newspapers and television programmes and the people who read or watch them; collocates include readers, papers, press and television (programmes). * highbrow通常描述报纸及其读者、电视节目及其观众，搭配词有readers、papers、press和television (programmes)。■ bookish (sometimes disapproving) interested in reading or studying rather than in more active or practical things 书呆子气的；学究似的◆Quiet and bookish, he was sometimes teased by the other boys.他寡言少语且有书呆子气，有时会遭到其他男孩的取笑。 scholar noun scholar ♦︎ philosopher ♦︎ intellectual ♦︎ academic ♦︎ theorist ♦︎ thinkerThese are all words for a person who is very intelligent or who thinks a lot about important matters. 这些词均表示学者、知识分子、理论家。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a great / leading scholar / philosopher / intellectual / academic / theorist / thinker◆an eminent scholar / philosopher / intellectual / academic◆a distinguished scholar / philosopher / academic◆a true scholar / philosopher / intellectual◆a religious scholar / philosopher / intellectual / thinker◆a classical scholar / philosopher / theorist◆a political / social philosopher / theorist / thinker■ scholar / /ˈskɒlə(r); NAmE ˈskɑːlər/ [countable] a person who knows a lot about a particular subject because they have studied it in detail 学者◆an eminent German scholar一位著名的德国学者◆a scholar of the Enlightenment一位研究启蒙运动的学者 see also scholarly ⇨ educational , scholarship ⇨ knowledge ■ philosopher [countable] a person who studies or writes about philosophy; a person who thinks deeply about things 哲学家；善于思考的人◆We studied the writings of the Greek philosopher Aristotle.我们学习了希腊哲学家亚里士多德的著作。◆She seems to be a bit of a philosopher.她有点像个思想家。■ intellectual /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuəl/ / [countable] a person who is interested in subjects, ideas and activities that involve serious thought, especially sb who is well educated 知识分子；脑力劳动者◆He was a leading intellectual of his day.他是那个时代杰出的知识分子。 see also intellectual ⇨ intellectual adj. 2 ■ academic / /ˌækəˈdemɪk/ / [countable] a person who teaches and/or does research at a university or college 高校教师；高校科研人员◆Many senior academics are taking up positions overseas.许多资深高校科研人员正在海外供职。 see also academic ⇨ educational adj. , don ⇨ lecturer ➡ See also the entry for ⇨ professor 另见professor条■ theorist /ˈθɪərɪst; NAmE ˈθiːərɪst, ˈθɪrɪst/ [countable] a person who develops new ideas and principles about a particular subject 理论家；理论工作者◆Feminist theorists have long talked about the way women are represented in the media.女性主义理论家一直在研究媒体中的女性形象问题。◆There are plenty of conspiracy theorists (= people who think sth is the result of secret activities by sb in power) with some wacky ideas.有许多心怀古怪想法的阴谋论者。■ thinker [countable] a person who thinks seriously, and often writes, about important things such as society, science or philosophy; a person who thinks in a particular way 思想家；思考⋯的人◆He's a radical social thinker and historian.他是个激进的社会思想家和历史学家。◆She was not a deep thinker.她不是个会深刻思考问题的人。◆The company needs more original thinkers.公司需要更多有创意的人。◆I'm not really a creative thinker.我不是个很有创见的人。 |