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promise verb promise ♦︎ guarantee ♦︎ swear ♦︎ pledge ♦︎ commit ♦︎ assure ♦︎ vow ♦︎ undertakeThese words all mean to tell sb that you will definitely do sth or that sth will happen. 这些词均表示许诺、保证、发誓。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to swear / vow to sb (that...)◆to promise / guarantee / swear / pledge / vow / undertake to do sth◆to promise / guarantee / swear / pledge / vow that...◆to promise / guarantee / pledge your support◆to swear / pledge allegiance / loyalty◆to swear / vow revenge / eternal friendship / undying love◆to solemnly promise / swear / vow / undertake sth■ promise [transitive, intransitive] to tell sb that you will definitely do or not do sth, or that sth will definitely happen 许诺；答应；保证◆'Promise not to tell anyone!' 'I promise.'“你要保证不告诉任何人！”“我保证。”◆I'll see what I can do but I can't promise anything.我会看看我能做什么，但不能作什么承诺。◆You promised me (that) you'd be home early tonight.你答应过我今晚会早回家的。◆'I'll be back soon,' she promised.“我马上回来。”她答应说。◆He promised the money to his grandchildren.他答应把这笔钱留给孙辈。■ guarantee / /ˌgærənˈtiː/ / [transitive] to tell sb that sth definitely will or will not happen, or that you defintely will or will not do sth 保证；担保；保障◆Basic human rights, including freedom of speech, are now guaranteed.包括言论自由在内的基本人权如今都有了保障。◆The ticket will guarantee you free entry.这张票将保证你免费入场。◆We guarantee to deliver your goods within a week.我们保证一周内交货。NOTE 辨析 Promise or guarantee?When you promise sth, you make a personal commitment to the person you are talking to, usually to do sth. Guarantee is less personal: when you guarantee sth, you mean that you will make sure that it happens. You have a moral duty to do what you have promised, but no one can legally force you to do it. You may have a legal duty to do what you have guaranteed, but people often use the word guarantee without actually accepting a legal duty: they mean it as a stronger form of promise. * promise指作出个人之间的承诺，通常指承诺做某事。guarantee不那么个人化，表示保证某事会发生。promise指作出道德上有义务兑现的承诺，但该承诺不具有法律约束力。guarantee可以指作出法律上有履约义务的保证，但使用这个词时常常并不真的表示具有法律效力，只是一种比promise语义更强的保证。■ swear (swore, sworn) [transitive, intransitive, no passive] to make a serious or official promise to do sth or to tell the truth, for example in court 郑重承诺，发誓（如在法庭上）◆She made him swear not to tell anyone.她让他发誓不告诉任何人。◆He swore revenge on the man who had killed his father.他发誓要报杀父之仇。◆I swear to God I had nothing to do with it.我对天发誓，我跟这事一点关系都没有。◆Witnesses were required to swear on the Bible.证人须手按《圣经》宣誓。◆ (spoken) I think I put the keys back in the drawer, but I couldn't swear to it (= I'm not completely sure).我想我把钥匙放回抽屉里了，不过我不敢肯定。■ pledge [transitive] to formally promise to give or do sth 正式承诺；保证给予（或做）◆Japan pledged $100 million in humanitarian aid.日本承诺提供1亿元的人道主义援助。◆Politicians of all parties pledged their support for the idea.各党派的政客都保证支持这个主张。◆The government has pledged that it will not raise taxes.政府保证不增加税收。■ commit (-tt-) [transitive] to promise sincerely that you will definitely do sth or keep to an agreement or arrangement, knowing that failure to do so may make things difficult for you; to give an opinion or make a decision openly so that it is then difficult to change it 承诺，保证（做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排）；（公开）表明意见，作出决定（使得日后难以更改）◆Several countries were reluctant to commit themselves to the treaty.有几个国家不愿签署这项条约。◆The party was committed to reforming the electoral system.该党承诺要改革选举体制。◆You don't have to commit yourself now, just think about it.你不必现在表态，只需考虑一下这事。 see also committed ⇨ reliable 1 ■ assure / /əˈʃʊə(r), əˈʃɔː(r); NAmE əˈʃʊr/ [transitive] to tell sb that sth is definitely true or is definitely going to happen, especially when they have doubts about it （尤指有质疑时）使确信，向⋯保证◆We were assured that everything possible was being done.我们得到保证：正在尽一切努力。◆She's perfectly safe, I can assure you.她绝对安全，我可以向你保证。◆We assured him of our loyal support.我们向他保证会忠诚地支持他。■ vow /vaʊ/ / [transitive] (rather formal, especially written) to make a formal and serious promise to do sth 起誓；立誓；发誓◆She vowed never to speak to him again.她发誓再也不和他说话。◆They vowed eternal friendship.他们立誓要友谊长存。NOTE 辨析 Swear or vow?People can swear that things are, have been or will be true, but vow is more often used to talk about things you are determined to do in the future. * swear可以指发誓事情在过去、现在或将来会如此，但vow较常指发誓将来一定做某事。■ undertake /ˌʌndəˈteɪk; NAmE ˌʌndərˈteɪk/ (undertook, undertaken) [transitive] (formal or business 商业) to agree or promise that you will do sth 承诺；许诺；答应◆They undertook to finish the job by Friday.他们答应周五之前完成这一工作。 |