| 例句 |
hazard noun
⇨ threathazard verb
⇨ dare threat noun threat ♦︎ risk ♦︎ danger ♦︎ hazard ♦︎ menaceThese are all words for sb/sth that may be dangerous or cause problems. 这些词均表示构成威胁的人或事物、隐患。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a threat / risk / danger / hazard / menace to sb / sth◆a great / serious threat / risk / danger / hazard / menace◆a major / possible threat / risk / danger / hazard◆the main threat / risk / danger / hazard◆a potential threat / risk / danger / hazard / menace◆to pose a threat / risk / danger / hazard / menace◆a threat / risk / danger / hazard to health◆a threat / risk / danger to the public◆a threat / danger / menace to society■ threat [countable, usually singular] a person or thing that is likely to cause damage, danger or trouble 构成威胁的人；可能带来破坏（或危险、麻烦）的事物◆Drug abuse poses a major threat to the fabric of our society.吸毒成为我们社会结构的一大威胁。◆He could be a real threat to the Spanish player in the final.他会在决赛中对这名西班牙运动员构成很大的威胁。 see also threat ⇨ risk 1 ■ risk [countable] a person or thing that may cause problems or danger 危险人物；会带来风险的事物◆The group was considered to be a risk to national security.这伙人被认为是威胁国家安全的危险分子。◆Tuberculosis threatens to become a major health risk worldwide.结核病恐怕会成为威胁全球的一大健康隐患。 see also risk ⇨ risk 1 ■ danger [countable] a person or thing that may harm sb/sth 危险的人；危险因素；危害；威胁◆Smoking is a serious danger to health.吸烟严重危害健康。◆There are many hidden dangers for small children in the home.家里有很多对幼儿安全不利的潜在危险。 see also danger ⇨ risk 1 , dangerous ⇨ dangerous ■ hazard / /ˈhæzəd; NAmE ˈhæzərd/ a thing that can be dangerous or cause damage 危险；危害◆Avoid foam-filled sofas－they are a serious fire hazard.避免使用填充泡沫塑料的沙发－它们是严重的火灾隐患。◆Getting injured is an occupational hazard for athletes (= a hazard caused by their job).受伤是运动员的职业危害。 see also hazardous ⇨ dangerous NOTE 辨析 Threat, risk, danger or hazard?A threat is usually a probability; a risk, danger or hazard is a possibility. Threat is most often used in the phrase a threat to sth; the threat itself may be important ( a major threat to the fabric of society) or less important ( a real threat to the Spanish player). A hazard is the possibility of physical harm, especially to sb's health or safety; it is a thing, not a person. A danger is the possibility of physical or moral harm ( a danger to health/society) and may be a thing or a person. Risk is often used in a similar way to hazard, especially in compounds: a health/fire/safety risk, but has a wider range that includes the risk to national/personal security or a security risk, which may be a person, group, thing or activity. * threat通常为一种可能性；risk、danger和hazard的可能性要低些。threat最常用在短语a threat to sth中；这种威胁从本质上来说可能很严重（如a major threat to the fabric of society），也可能不那么严重（如a real threat to the Spanish player）。hazard是对身体，尤其是对某人的健康或安全造成伤害的可能，是某种事物，而不是人。danger是对身体或道义的危害（如a danger to health/society），可能是某种事物，也可能是人。risk的用法常与hazard相似，尤用于a health/fire/safety risk等复合词中，但risk比hazard有更多的句型和搭配用法，如risk to national/personal security或security risk，risk可能是某个人、某个团体、某种东西或某项活动。■ menace /ˈmenəs/ / [countable, usually singular] a person or thing that people are afraid of because it causes or may cause harm or damage 威胁；危险的人（或事物）◆The government's new initiative is aimed at beating the menace of illegal drugs.政府的新举措旨在打击违禁药品的威胁。◆The protesters remain a potential menace to the stability of the government.示威者仍然是对政府稳定的潜在威胁。 dare verb dare ♦︎ risk ♦︎ go so/as far as to... ♦︎ venture ♦︎ hazard ♦︎ stick your neck out ♦︎ pluck up (the) courage ♦︎ presume ♦︎ chanceThese words all mean to be brave enough to try to do sth that may not succeed. 这些词均表示敢于尝试去做未必成功的事情。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to dare / go so far as / venture / pluck up courage / presume to do sth◆to risk / chance doing sth◆to venture / hazard an opinion◆to risk / chance a look (at sth)◆to risk / chance it■ dare [intransitive] (not usually used in the progressive tenses 通常不用于进行时) to be brave enough to do sth difficult or dangerous; to be rude enough to do sth that you have no right to do 敢于；胆敢◆She said it as loudly as she dared.她壮着胆子，放声说了出来。◆He didn't dare (to) say what he thought.他不敢说出自己的想法。◆Dare to be different!要敢于与众不同！◆ (BrE) They daren't ask for any more money.他们不敢再要钱了。◆ (spoken) 'I'll tell her about it.' 'Don't you dare!'“我要把这事告诉她。”“你敢！”◆How dare you talk to me like that!你竟敢那样对我说话！ see also daring ⇨ bold adj. , daring ⇨ courage noun ■ risk [transitive] to do sth that may mean that you get into a situation which is unpleasant for you; to do sth that you know is not really a good idea or may not be successful 冒⋯的危险（或风险）；（明知结果）冒险做，大胆做◆There was no choice. If they stayed there, they risked death.他们别无选择，如果待在那里，就有性命之虞。◆They knew they risked being arrested.他们知道自己冒着被捕的危险。◆He risked a glance at her furious face.他壮着胆子瞅了一眼她愤怒的脸。◆It was a difficult decision but we decided to risk it.这是个艰难的决定，但我们决定冒险一试。 see also risk ⇨ risk noun 1 2 ■ go so ˈfar as to...■ go as ˈfar as to... idiom to go to extreme or surprising limits in dealing with sth 竟然；甚至◆In June 2006 he went so far as to offer his resignation.2006年6月他甚至提出了辞呈。◆I wouldn't go as far as to say that he's a liar (= but I think he may be slightly dishonest).我倒不至于说他是个骗子。■ venture / /ˈventʃə(r)/ / [transitive] (formal) to say or do sth in a careful way, especially because it might upset or offend sb 试探地说，谨慎地做（尤指会使人烦恼或不快的事）◆She hardly dared to venture an opinion.她几乎不敢亮明观点。◆I ventured to suggest that she might have made a mistake.我试探地提醒说她可能出错了。■ hazard /ˈhæzəd; NAmE ˈhæzərd/ [transitive, intransitive] to make a suggestion or guess that you know may be wrong 冒失地提出；冒险猜测◆Would you like to hazard a guess?你想猜猜看吗？◆'Is it Tom you're going with?' she hazarded.“你是要和汤姆一起去吗？”她冒失地问。■ stick your ˈneck out idiom (stuck, stuck) (informal) to do or say sth when there is a risk that you may be wrong 冒险；做不保险的事；说不保险的话◆I'll stick my neck out and say that Bill is the best candidate for the job.我愿冒险说，比尔是这份工作的最佳人选。■ pluck up (the) ˈcourage idiom (usually approving) to make yourself do sth even though you are afraid to do it 鼓起勇气（做某事）◆I finally plucked up the courage to ask her for a date.我终于鼓起勇气约她出去。■ presume /prɪˈzjuːm; NAmE prɪˈzuːm/ [intransitive] (formal, usually disapproving) to behave in a way that shows a lack of respect by doing sth that you have no right to do 妄行；越权行事◆I wouldn't presume to tell you how to run your own business.我不会僭越去指点你该如何经营你自己的事业。 see also presumptuous ⇨ cool adj. ■ chance [transitive] (informal) to risk sth, although you know the result may not be successful 冒险；拿⋯去冒风险◆'Take an umbrella.' 'No, I'll chance it (= take the risk that it may rain).'“带上伞吧。”“不了，我就冒冒险吧。”◆ (especially BrE) She was chancing her luck driving without a licence.她无照驾车，完全是在冒险。 |