| 例句 |
know verb
⇨ know 1 (If only we'd known…) ⇨ know 2 (I know it's here somewhere!) ⇨ feel (know what it is like to be poor) ⇨ identify (She knows a bargain when she sees one.) ⇨ learn (know how to use spreadsheets) ⇨ know sth by heart, know sth off/down pat ⇨ learn ⇨ get to know sb ⇨ meet 3know1 verb If only we'd known... 我们要是早知道⋯就好了I know it's here somewhere! 我肯定它就在这附近！feelknow what it is like to be poorlearnknow how to use spreadsheetsknow sth by heartknow sth off/down patmeet3get to know sbknow ♦︎ realize ♦︎ appreciateThese words all mean to understand or be aware of sth. 这些词均表示理解或意识到某事。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆without knowing / realizing / appreciating sth◆to know / realize / appreciate that...◆to know / realize / appreciate what / how / why...◆to know / realize where...◆to begin / come to know / realize / appreciate sth◆hope sb knows / realizes / appreciates sth◆should have known / realized / appreciated sth■ know (knew, known) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to understand or be aware of a particular fact or situation 明白；懂得；意识到◆He knew he was dying.他意识到自己快死了。◆I know exactly how you feel.我非常清楚你的感受。◆You know perfectly well what she meant.你完全明白她的意思。◆ (spoken) 'He's feeling really down.' 'I know.'“他的情绪相当低落。”“我能理解。”◆If only we'd known you were having so many problems!我们要是早知道你当时面临着这么多困难就好了！◆This case is hopeless and he knows it (= although he will not admit it).这个案子毫无希望，这一点他是清楚的。 see also knowledge ⇨ awareness ■ realize (BrE also realise) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to understand or become aware of a particular fact or situation 理解；认识到；意识到◆I didn't realize (that) you were so unhappy.我没察觉到你那么不开心。◆I don't think you realize how important this is to her.我想你并不晓得这对她有多重要。◆She soon realized her mistake.她很快便意识到了自己的错误。◆We make assumptions all the time without realizing it.我们总是在无意中就进行了假设。◆They managed to leave without any of us realizing.他们悄悄地走了，我们谁也没注意到。 see also realization ⇨ awareness NOTE 辨析 Know or realize?In this meaning know is not usually used with a noun object. * know表达此义时通常不接名词作宾语◆She soon knew her mistake. To realize sth can mean to become aware of it, as well as to be aware of it; know can mean 'become aware' if it happens in a single moment. * realize不仅表示懂得某事，还表示逐渐认识到某事；know可表示在瞬间便意识到所发生的事情◆As soon as / The moment I walked in the room I knew / realized something was wrong.我一走进那个房间便意识到出事了。◆Suddenly / All of a sudden / At once I knew / realized what he meant.我忽然／一下子明白了他的意思。However, if the process of becoming aware takes any time, even a short time, use realize. 但是，如果这个意识的过程需要一些时间，哪怕是很短的时间，就应使用realize◆I soon / quickly / gradually / slowly realized what he meant.我很快／一下子／逐渐／慢慢地明白了他的意思。◆I soon/quickly/gradually/slowly knew what he meant. ■ appreciate / /əˈpriːʃieɪt/ / [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (rather formal) to understand or realize that sth is true, especially that a situation is difficult for sb else 理解，明白，懂得（尤指他人的难处）◆You have to appreciate the difficulties we are facing.你一定要明白我们正面临着诸多困难。◆I don't think you appreciate how expensive it will be.我想你并不了解它会有多昂贵。◆As you'll appreciate, the task has not always been easy.你将会明白，这个任务并非总那么简单。 see also appreciation ⇨ understanding know2 verb If only we'd known... 我们要是早知道⋯就好了I know it's here somewhere! 我肯定它就在这附近！feelknow what it is like to be poorlearnknow how to use spreadsheetsknow sth by heartknow sth off/down patmeet3get to know sbknow ♦︎ bet ♦︎ guaranteeThese words all mean to say that you are certain about sth. 这些词均表示确信、肯定。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to know / bet / guarantee that...◆you can bet / guarantee (that...)■ know (knew, known) [transitive, intransitive] to feel certain about sth 确信；确定；肯定◆I know it's here somewhere!我肯定它就在这附近！◆I just knew that it was something I wanted to do.我只知道这就是我想做的事情。◆ (spoken) 'You were right－someone's been spreading rumours about you.' 'I knew it!'“你说得对，有人一直在散布你的谣言。”“我就知道！”◆'She's the worst player in the team.' 'Oh, I don't know (= I am not sure that I agree) －she played well yesterday.'“她是队里打得最差的。”“哦，是吗？她昨天表现得挺不错呀。”■ bet (betting, bet, bet) [transitive] (rather informal, spoken) used to say that you are almost certain that sth is true or that sth will happen 敢说；八成儿◆I bet we're too late.我们八成儿是太晚了。◆You can bet that the moment I sit down, the phone will ring.几乎可以肯定，我一坐下电话铃就会响起来。■ guarantee / /ˌgærənˈtiː/ / [transitive] to be certain that sth will happen 肯定会；必然会◆The film is virtually guaranteed to do well at the box office.这部影片几乎可以肯定会大收旺场。 feel verb feel ♦︎ know ♦︎ sense ♦︎ experience ♦︎ tasteThese words all mean to have and be aware of a particular emotion or physical feeling. 这些词均表示感觉到、体会、体验。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to feel / know / experience / taste joy◆to feel / know / experience pain / satisfaction / shame◆to feel / sense / experience a need◆to feel / experience a / an sense / sensation / emotion / urge / pang / surge / rush / stab◆to know / experience poverty / hardship / difficulties◆to experience / taste success / life◆to have never felt / known / experienced / tasted sth◆to actually feel / know / sense / experience sth◆to feel / experience sth suddenly / sometimes / often◆to know / experience sth directly / first-hand■ feel (felt, felt) [intransitive, transitive] to have and be aware of a particular feeling or emotion; to notice or be aware of sth because it is touching you or having a physical effect on you; to become aware of sth even though you cannot see, hear, touch, smell or taste it 觉得；感到；（通过触觉或直觉）感觉到◆The heat made him feel faint.炎热让他觉得快要晕倒了。◆She sounded more confident than she felt.她的语气听起来比她本人的感觉要有信心。◆How are you feeling today?你今天觉得怎么样？◆I know exactly how you feel (= I feel sympathy for you).我完全理解你的心情。◆He felt no remorse at all.他一点也不感到懊悔。◆I could feel the warm sun on my back.我感受到阳光暖暖地照在背上。◆She could not feel her legs.她的双腿失去了知觉。◆He felt a hand on his shoulder.他感到有只手放在他肩上。◆Can you feel the tension in this room?你感觉得到这房间里的紧张气氛吗？ⓘ When feel is used to talk about becoming aware of things outside yourself, it is not usually used in the progressive tenses. * feel指感觉到自身以外的事物时，通常不用于进行时◆I was feeling guilty.我感到歉疚。◆I was feeling the sun on my back. ◆Are you feeling the tension in this room? see also feeling ⇨ emotion , feeling ⇨ sense noun ■ know (knew, known) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to have personal experience of an emotion or situation 亲身体验；亲身经历◆She thought she would never know the joy of seeing a child grow up in her care.她原以为她绝不会体验到看着孩子在自己的照料下长大的乐趣。◆She may be successful now, but she has known what it is like to be poor.她现在算是成功了，但她尝过贫穷的滋味。■ sense [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to become aware of sth outside yourself, even though you cannot see, hear, touch, smell or taste it （凭直觉）感觉到，意识到，察觉出◆Sensing danger, they started to run.他们感觉到有危险，撒腿就跑。◆I sensed a note of tension in his voice.我察觉到他的声音里有一丝紧张。◆Lisa sensed that he did not believe her.莉萨意识到他不相信她。 see also sense ⇨ sense noun NOTE 辨析 Feel or sense?You usually feel your own feelings and emotions, but sense other people's. * feel通常指感觉到自己的感受和情绪，sense则指感觉到别人的◆He felt a terrible pain in his chest.他感到胸部一阵剧痛。◆He sensed a terrible pain in his chest. ◆She sensed the terrible pain he was feeling (= she was aware of it).她意识到他疼痛万分。◆I feel your pain (= I know how you are suffering and it makes me suffer too).我理解你的痛苦。 ■ experience [transitive] (rather formal) to have and be aware of a particular emotion or physical feeling 感受；体会；体验◆I have never experienced such pain before.我以前从未感到过如此痛苦。◆I experienced a moment of panic as I boarded the plane.我登机时感到一阵恐慌。■ taste [transitive] (especially written) to have a short experience of sth, especially sth that you want more of 短暂享受到；浅尝；尝到甜头◆He had tasted freedom only to lose it again.他刚尝到自由的甜头，却又失去了。ⓘ People typically taste victory, success and freedom. * taste通常跟victory、success和freedom搭配。 identify verb identify ♦︎ know ♦︎ recognize ♦︎ name ♦︎ make sb/sth out ♦︎ isolate ♦︎ discern ♦︎ pinpoint ♦︎ place ♦︎ pick sb/sth outThese words all mean to be able to see or hear sb/sth and/or be able to say who or what they are. 这些词均表示认出、识别。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to identify / know / recognize sb / sth by sth◆to identify / recognize / name / pinpoint sb / sth as sb / sth◆to identify / know / recognize / make out / isolate / pinpoint / discern who / what / how...◆to immediately identify / know / recognize / pinpoint / place / pick out sb / sth◆to easily identify / recognize / make out / isolate / discern / pick out sb / sth◆to clearly / barely / hardly / just identify / recognize / make out / discern / pick out sb / sth◆to dimly know / recognize / make out / discern sb / sth■ identify [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to be able to say who or what sb/sth is 确认；认出；鉴定出◆She was able to positively identify her attacker.她明确地指认出袭击她的人。◆Many of those arrested refused to identify themselves (= would not say who they were).很多被捕的人拒不透露身份。◆First of all we must identify the problem areas within the system.首先我们必须找出系统内出问题的地方。 see also identify ⇨ find 3 ▸ identification noun [uncountable, countable] ◆Each product has a number for easy identification.每件产品都有标码以便识别。◆Only one witness could make a positive identification.只有一名目击者能够明确指认。■ know [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to be able to say who or what sth is when you see or hear it, because you have seen or heard it before 认识；认出；辨认出◆I couldn't see who was speaking, but I knew the voice.我看不到谁在讲话，但能辨认出声音。◆She knows a bargain when she sees one.她一看就知道有没有便宜可捡。■ recognize (BrE also recognise) [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to know who sb is or what sth is when you see or hear them/it, because you have seen or heard them/it before 认识；认出；辨认出◆Do you recognize this tune?你能听出这是哪支曲子吗？◆We barely recognized her－she had changed so much in ten years.我们几乎认不出她了，她十年来变化太大了。◆I recognized him by the way he walked.我从他走路的样子认出了他。▸ recognition noun [uncountable] ◆He glanced briefly towards her but there was no sign of recognition.他瞥了她一眼，但似乎没认出她来。NOTE 辨析 Know or recognize? Know is used especially to talk about sounds that seem familiar and when sb recognizes the quality or opportunity that sb/sth represents, as in the phrase sb knows a ... when they see one. * know尤用于表示辨认出听上去熟悉的声音，也表示发现某人或某事物所展现的特质或机会，比如在短语sb knows a ... when they see one（一看便知⋯） 中◆I know / recognize that voice / laugh / tune.我能辨别出那声音／笑声／曲子。◆He knows / recognizes a lady when he sees one.是不是淑女他一看就知道。 Recognize can also be used in these examples, but it sounds slightly more formal. Know in this meaning is not usually used to talk about people. * recognize也可用于这些例子，但听起来稍显正式。know表达此义时通常不用于人◆I knew him as soon as he came in the room. ■ name [transitive] to say the name of sb/sth in order to show that you know who/what they are 说出⋯的名称；叫出⋯的名字◆The victim has not yet been named.受害人的姓名尚未得知。◆The missing man has been named as James Kelly.失踪者已被确认为名叫詹姆斯•凯利的男子。◆Can you name all the American states?你能说出美国所有的州吗？■ ˌmake sb/sth ˈout phrasal verb (made, made) (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to manage to see or hear sb/sth that is not very clear 看清；听清；辨认清楚◆I could just make out a figure in the darkness.黑暗中我只看出了一个人的轮廓。◆The sign was too far away for me to make out what it said.指示牌太远了，我看不清上面写着什么。■ isolate [transitive] (formal or technical 术语) to separate a part of a situation, problem, idea, etc. so that you can see what it is and deal with it separately 将⋯剔出（以便弄清和单独处理）◆It is possible to isolate a number of factors that contributed to her downfall.可以找出导致她垮台的一些因素。■ discern / /dɪˈsɜːn; NAmE dɪˈsɜːrn/ [transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) (formal) to recognize or know sth, especially sth that is not obvious; to manage to see or hear sb/sth that is not very clear 识别，分辨，看出，听出（不明显的事物）◆It is possible to discern a number of different techniques in her work.从她的作品中可以看到许多不同的创作手法。◆It is often difficult to discern how widespread public support is.要了解公众支持的广泛程度常常是困难的。 see also distinguish ⇨ distinguish 1 , discernible ⇨ visible ■ pinpoint /ˈpɪnpɔɪnt/ / [transitive] to find and show the exact position of sb/sth or the exact time that sth happened; to be able to give the exact reason for sth or to describe sth exactly 明确指出，确定（位置或时间）；准确解释（或说明）◆He was able to pinpoint on the map the site of the medieval village.他能在地图上准确找到那个中世纪村庄的位置。◆The report pinpointed the areas most in need of help.报告精确说明了亟待援助的地区。■ place [transitive] (usually used in negative sentences 通常用于否定句) to recognize sb/sth and be able to identify them/it 认出；辨认；识别◆I've seen her before but I just can't place her.我以前见过她，不过现在认不出她来。◆His accent was impossible to place.他的口音无法辨别。■ ˌpick sb/sth ˈout phrasal verb (not used in the progressive tenses 不用于进行时) to recognize sb/sth from among other people or things 认出来；辨别出◆See if you can pick me out in this photo.看你能不能认出这张照片上哪个是我。 learn verb learn ♦︎ study ♦︎ know ♦︎ acquire ♦︎ do ♦︎ memorize ♦︎ pick sth up ♦︎ master ♦︎ get the hang of sth ♦︎ revise ♦︎ learn/know sth by heart ♦︎ reviewThese words all mean to gain knowledge or skill by studying, from experience or from being taught. 这些词均表示学会知识或技能。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to learn / know / pick up sth from sb / sth◆to study / revise / review (sth) for sth◆to learn / know / memorize / pick up / master / get the hang of what...◆to learn / know / master / get the hang of how...◆to learn / study to be sth◆to learn / study / know / do / pick up / master a language◆to learn / study / know / do / pick up / master French / Arabic, etc.◆to learn / study / know / do / master / revise / review a subject◆to learn / study / do / revise / review geography / biology, etc.◆to learn / acquire / pick up / master a skill◆to learn / do / memorize a poem / speech◆to memorize a number◆to learn / know a poem / speech / number (off) by heart◆to quickly learn / pick up / master sth◆to thoroughly learn / study / master / revise / review sth◆to study / revise hard■ learn (learnt, learnt or learned, learned) [transitive, intransitive] to gain knowledge or skill by studying, from experience or from being taught; to read and repeat sth in order to be able to remember it 学；学习；学会；熟记◆I've forgotten most of what I learned at school.上学时学的东西我大部分都忘记了。◆She's still quite young and she's got a lot to learn.她还年轻，有很多东西要学。◆She's very interested in learning more about Japanese culture.她很想多了解日本文化。◆I'll need to learn how to use the new software.我得要学习怎样使用这种新软件。◆He learned to ride when he was about three years old.他大约三岁时就学会了骑马。◆You'll have to learn your lines (= for an acting part) by next week.你下周前必须把台词背熟。◆Most of the kids here are eager to learn.这里的大多数孩子都很好学。◆All children learn through play (= by playing).所有孩子都从玩耍中学习。◆We have to learn one of Hamlet's speeches for school tomorrow.我们明天上学得背诵哈姆雷特的一段台词。 see also learning ⇨ education noun ■ study [intransitive, transitive] to spend time learning about a subject by reading, doing research or going to school or college 学习；攻读◆Michael studied at Sussex University.迈克尔曾就读于萨塞克斯大学。◆He sat up very late that night, studying.那天晚上他学习到深夜。◆As a young composer he studied under Nadia Boulanger (= Nadia Boulanger taught him to be a composer).他年轻时师从纳迪亚•布朗热学习作曲。◆Did you ever study any sciences?你是否曾学习过自然科学？◆She's studying to be an architect.她在学建筑。ⓘ In American English study is the usual word for talking about preparing for a test or exam. 在美式英语中，复习备考通常用study◆I have two tests tomorrow, and I've barely had time to study.明天我要参加两个测验，可我几乎没有时间复习功课。◆I was up late studying for my biology final.我熬夜复习功课，准备生物学期末考试。In British English the usual word for this is revise. 在英式英语中，表达此义通常用revise。 see also study ⇨ education noun ■ know (knew, known) [transitive] to have learned a skill or language; to have gained knowledge of sth 学会，掌握，熟悉（技能或语言）◆Do you know how to use spreadsheets?你知道怎样使用电子数据表吗？◆Do you know any Japanese?你会日语吗？◆He knows this city better than anyone.他比任何人都要熟悉这座城市。 see also knowledge ⇨ knowledge ■ acquire / /əˈkwaɪə(r)/ / [transitive] (formal) to gain knowledge or a skill 获得，得到（知识或技能）◆She has acquired a good knowledge of English.她英语已经学得很好了。◆He decided to put his newly acquired skills to the test.他决定尝试一下自己新学到的技巧。 see also acquire ⇨ get 1 ▸ acquisition / /ˌækwɪˈzɪʃn/ / noun [uncountable] ◆theories of child language acquisition儿童语言习得理论■ do (does, did, done) [transitive] to study a subject, topic, book, etc., especially as a class at school or college 学习，研究（尤指参加学校的课程）◆I'm doing physics, chemistry and biology.我在学习物理、化学和生物。◆Have you done any (= studied anything by) Keats?你研究过济慈的作品吗？■ memorize ( memorise) / /ˈmeməraɪz/ / [transitive] to learn sth carefully so that you can remember it exactly 记住◆She had memorized his phone number.她已经记住了他的电话号码。◆Each night I tried to memorize long lists of verbs.每天晚上我都努力把一长串一长串的动词记起来。 see also memory ⇨ memory ■ ˌpick sth ˈup phrasal verb (rather informal) to get information or gain a skill by chance, without making a deliberate effort （偶然）得到，听到，学会◆I picked up one or two words of Thai while I was on vacation.度假期间我学了一两句泰语。◆This is a tip I picked up from my mother.这个窍门是我从我妈那里学来的。■ master /ˈmɑːstə(r); NAmE ˈmæstər/ [transitive] to learn or understand sth thoroughly 精通；掌握◆Once you've mastered the basics, you can begin to experiment a little.一旦你掌握了基本原理，就可以开始做一些尝试了。■ get the ˈhang of sth idiom (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten) (informal) to learn how to do or use sth 掌握⋯的要领；了解⋯的方法◆It seems tricky at first but you'll soon get the hang of it.刚开始似乎很难对付，不过很快你就能掌握其要领。◆I never quite got the hang of riding a bike.我一直没能掌握骑自行车的要领。■ revise [intransitive, transitive] (BrE) to prepare for an exam by looking again at sth you have studied and reminding yourself of what you have learned 复习；温习◆I can't come out tonight－I'm revising.我今晚不能出去，我在复习。◆She's revising for her exams at the moment.目前她正在复习备考。◆Have you revised geography yet?你复习完地理了吗？▸ revision noun [uncountable] ◆Have you started your revision yet?你开始复习了吗？■ learn sth by ˈheart■ know sth by ˈheart idiom (learnt, learnt or learned, learned; knew, known)to learn and be able to remember sth such as a poem or set of facts exactly 背熟；记住◆He was told to learn the passage by heart.他被告知要把这段文章背熟。◆ (BrE) I had dialled the number so often that I knew it off by heart.这个号码我拨过很多次，都记住了。■ review [transitive, intransitive] (especially NAmE) to look again at sth you have learned or studied, especially in order to prepare for a test （尤指为备考而）温习，复习◆Take a little time to review your notes the evening before.前一天晚上你可以花点时间把笔记复习一下。ⓘ If you are talking about an individual student, review must take an object. 以单个学生作主语时，review后面必须接宾语◆I need to review for my math final. Use study instead. 但这种情况可以用study◆I need to study for my math final.我需要温习功课，准备数学期末考试。However, if you are talking about a teacher leading the class in a review, review can be used with or without an object. 但如果是指老师带领全班同学复习功课，review后面接不接宾语均可◆I think it would be a good idea to review the material in chapter 10.我觉得复习第10章的内容是个好主意。◆Next week we're going to be reviewing for the final.下周我们要复习，准备期末考试。 ▸ review noun [countable, uncountable] ◆I should have time for a quick review of my notes before the test.测验前我应该有时间把笔记过一遍。◆We'll have time at the end of class for review.接近下课时我们会有时间进行复习。 meet3 verb meet for a drink/talks 相聚喝一杯；举行会谈meet by chance 偶遇meet sb for the first time 初识某人meet sb's needs/conditions 满足某人的需要／条件meet ♦︎ get to know sb ♦︎ make sb's acquaintanceThese words all mean to see and talk to sb for the first time. 这些词均表示初次相识、结识。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to first meet / get to know / make the acquaintance of sb■ meet (met, met) [transitive, no passive, intransitive] to see and know sb for the first time; to be introduced to sb 相识；结识；被引见介绍（给某人）◆Where did you first meet your husband?你是在哪儿和你丈夫初次相识的？◆There's someone I want you to meet.我想介绍你认识一个人。◆I don't think we've met.我想我们没见过面吧。◆ (especially BrE) Pleased to meet you.很高兴认识你。◆ (especially NAmE) Nice to meet you.很高兴认识你。ⓘ When you have just been formally introduced to sb it is usual to say Pleased to meet you (in British English) or Nice to meet you (in American English). You can say Nice meeting you (in British or American English) when you say goodbye to sb that you have met for the first time; in American English you can also say Nice to meet you when you say goodbye, but it is not usual to say Pleased to meet you at this point in either British or American English. 如果你刚刚被正式介绍给某人，通常会跟对方说Pleased to meet you（英式英语）或Nice to meet you（美式英语）。跟初次相识者道别，在英式和美式英语中均可说Nice meeting you；在美式英语中道别时亦可说Nice to meet you，但在英式和美式英语中道别时通常都不说Pleased to meet you。■ ˌget to ˈknow sb phrase (getting, got, got; NAmE spoken getting, got, gotten)to become familiar with sb over time 开始熟悉；了解◆She's very nice when you get to know her.你了解她以后就会觉得她人很好。ⓘ There are a few other expressions with know in this meaning. 表达此义时，know还有以下几种用法◆Do you two know each other (= have you met before)?你们俩认识吗？◆I've known David for 20 years.我认识戴维20年了。◆She was a secretary when I first knew her.我最初认识她时，她是个秘书。 ■ make sb's acquaintance■ make the acquaintance of sb idiom (made, made) (formal) to meet sb for the first time 与某人初次相识；结识某人◆I am delighted to make your acquaintance, Mrs Phillips.菲利普斯太太，我很高兴与您相识。◆I made the acquaintance of several musicians around that time.大约在那段时间，我结识了几位音乐家。 see also acquaintance ⇨ friend , acquaintance ⇨ friendship |