market noun ⇨market1 (the Japanese market)⇨market2 (a street market)⇨demand (There's not much of a market for black and white TVs.)⇨trade (corner the market)⇨on the market⇨availableadj.market verb ⇨advertise
market1
noun
the Japanese market日本市场a street market街头集市market ♦︎ audience ♦︎ public ♦︎ clienteleThese are all words for a particular area, country or section of the population that buy, or might buy, goods.这些词均表示商品的销售地、行销地区、消费群体。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a market / an audience for sth◆a wide market / audience / public / clientele◆a / an large / small / international market / audience / clientele◆to serve a market / an audience / the ...public / a clientele◆to reach a market / an audience / a wide public◆to attract / build up a market / an audience / clientele◆to establish a market / an audience■market [countable] a particular area, country or section of the population that might buy goods商品的销售地；行销地区；消费群体◆The jacket is designed for the Japanese market.这款夹克衫是为日本市场设计的。◆They supply beef to the domestic market.他们为国内市场供应牛肉。ⓘ The market [singular] is also the economic system in which prices and the supply of goods are controlled by the way and how much people buy. * the market亦可指商品价格及其供应受人们的购买方式和购买量支配的经济体制◆The market will decide if the TV station has any future.这一电视台是否有前途将取决于市场。◆We now have an unprotected, market-led economy.我们现在的经济体制不受保护，由市场引导。The market can also be the number of people who want to buy sth. * market也可指有意购买者的人数。 see also market ⇨ demandnoun■audience [countable] a number of people or a particular group of people who watch, read or listen to the same thing（同一事物的）观众，读者，听众◆An audience of millions watched the wedding on TV.数百万观众通过电视观看了婚礼。◆The target audience for this advertisement was mainly teenagers.这个广告的对象主要是青少年。 see also audience ⇨ audience■public [singular + singular or plural verb] a group of people who share a particular interest or who are involved in the same activity志趣相同（或从事同一类活动）的群体◆The show drew 12% of the viewing public.这个节目吸引了12%的收视群体。◆She knows how to keep her public(= for example, the people who buy her books) satisfied.她知道如何迎合受众的兴趣。ⓘ In this meaning public often follows an adjective describing a particular activity.表达此义时，public前面常有一个描述特定活动的形容词◆the book-buying / reading / sporting / theatre-going / travelling / viewing public爱买书／爱阅读／爱运动／爱看戏／爱旅游的群体；收视群体■clientele /ˌkliːənˈtel; NAmEˌklaɪənˈtel/ [singular + singular or plural verb] all the customers or clients of a shop, restaurant or organization（统称）顾客，主顾，客户◆The facilities appeal to an international clientele.这些设施对国际客户群具有吸引力。 see also client ⇨ customer
market2
noun
the Japanese market日本市场a street market街头集市market ♦︎ mall ♦︎ shopping centre ♦︎ farmers' market ♦︎ strip mallThese are all words for an area where people meet to buy and sell goods.这些词均表示市场、集市、商场。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆at the market / mall / shopping centre◆a / an covered / indoor market / shopping centre◆to go to the market / mall / shopping centre■market [countable] an open area or building where people meet to buy and sell goods; an occasion when people meet to buy and sell goods市场；商场；集市◆We buy our fruit and vegetables at the market.我们在市场上购买水果和蔬菜。◆Thursday is market day in Poitiers.星期四是普瓦捷的赶集日。◆a fruit market水果市场◆a market stall集市货摊◆It's a busy market town(= a town in Britain where a regular market is or was held).这是个繁忙的集镇。■mall /mɔːl, BrE alsomæl/ ( ˈshopping mall) [countable] (especially NAmE) a large group of shops built together under one roof and closed to traffic购物商场；购物广场◆'Where'd you get those earrings?' 'At the mall.'“你在哪儿买到那些耳环的？”“商场。”◆Let's go to the mall.我们去商场吧。ⓘ Mall is used increasingly frequently in British English. A mall often contains restaurants, a cinema and other public entertainment facilities. * mall在英式英语中的使用越来越频繁。mall内常设有餐馆、电影院及其他公共娱乐设施。■ˈshopping centre (BrE) (NAmEshopping center) [countable] a group of shops built together, sometimes under one roof购物中心◆The two children were left unattended in the main shopping centre.那两个孩子被丢在主购物中心无人看管。ⓘ In American English a shopping center usually does not have one roof; if it does it is usually called a mall.在美式英语中，shopping center通常包含不止一栋建筑。若只有一栋建筑，通常称作mall。■ˈfarmers' market [countable] (especially NAmE) a market where you can buy fresh food directly from the grower农贸市场；农产品直销市场◆I bought some delicious strawberries at the farmers' market.我在农贸市场买了一些美味的草莓。■ˈstrip mall [countable] (NAmE, sometimesdisapproving) a small group of shops built in a line, with their own parking area（带停车场的）商店街，购物街◆It's just another of the many strip malls that are taking over the landscape.众多商业街正成为地区面貌的主导景观，那不过是新添的一条罢了。
demand
noun
demand ♦︎ market ♦︎ a run on sth ♦︎ (no) call for sthThese are all words for the number of people who want to buy goods or services.这些词均表示顾客对货物或服务的需求。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆demand / a market / (no) call for sth◆(a) big / buoyant / huge / growing / steady / changing / current / potential / total / falling demand / market◆(the) consumer / domestic / local / export / foreign / worldwide demand / market◆to create demand / a market◆to stimulate / boost / increase demand / the market■demand [uncountable, singular] (especially business尤用于商业) the number of people who want to buy goods or services（顾客对货物或服务的）需求◆We are struggling to meet the demand for the product.我们正努力满足对该产品的需求。◆Demand is exceeding supply.供不应求。◆There's an increased demand for organic produce these days.现在人们对有机农产品有更大的需求。■market [singular] (business商业) the number of people who want to buy goods or services（顾客对货物或服务的）需求；市场◆The second-hand car market is declining.二手汽车市场正在萎缩。◆There's not much of a market for black and white televisions nowadays.黑白电视机现在没多少市场了。 see also market ⇨ market1NOTE辨析 Demand or market?These words have the same basic meaning, but demand is a more general term, and market is a more specialist business term.这两个词基本含义相同，但demand含义更广，market是较专业的商业用语。They have different grammar and collocation patterns: people talk about the housing/labour market and different product markets, but demand for housing/labour/a product. You can create demand/a market, but you meet/satisfy/increase demand and supply/expand the market. You influence/forecast demand but find/identify a market. People talk about a fall/a decline/an increase/growth in demand but a slump/recovery in the market.两者各有不同的语法和搭配模式，可以说the housing/labour market和product markets，但说demand for housing/labour/a product；可以说create demand/a market，但说meet/satisfy/increase demand和supply/expand the market；可以说influence/forecast demand，但说find/identify a market；可以说a fall/a decline/an increase/growth in demand，但说a slump/recovery in the market。When a business has trouble producing enough goods because so many people want them, people talk about demand rather than the market.当企业无法提供足够产品满足顾客的需求时，所用术语为demand而非market◆We're struggling to meet the market.◆The market exceeds supply.■a run on sth
phrase
(business商业) a sudden demand for sth by a lot of people抢购；争购；需求突增◆There's been a run on the dollar.人们纷纷抢兑美元。◆When the new currency measures were announced there was a run on the bank(= a lot of people suddenly took their money out of the bank).新货币措施公布后，人们争相到银行提取现金。ⓘ Run is often found in financial contexts, but a shop or business might experience a run on anything, for example sun cream, petrol or red roses, especially when sth happens, such as a change in the weather, to create a sudden demand. * run常用于金融语境，但也指对任何商品的抢购，如防晒霜、汽油或红玫瑰，尤其是当某事发生，如天气变化，从而造成某种需求突增。■(no) call for sth
phrase
[singular] (ratherinformal) the desire or need of customers for goods or services（对货物或服务的）需要，需求◆There isn't a lot of call for small specialist shops nowadays.如今对小型专卖店已没有多大需求了。
trade
noun
➡ See also the entry for ⇨ business2另见business条第2义trade ♦︎ business ♦︎ market ♦︎ operation ♦︎ trading ♦︎ commerce ♦︎ marketplace ♦︎ trafficking ♦︎ enterprise ♦︎ dealingThese are all words for the activity of buying, selling or supplying goods or services for money, or the amount of goods and services sold.这些词均表示买卖、交易或营业额、交易量。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a trade / the market in sth◆trade / business / trading / commerce / trafficking / enterprise / dealing between people / countries◆trade / business / trading / commerce / dealing with sb / a country◆(the) foreign / international / global trade / business / market / operations / trading / commerce / marketplace◆(the) domestic / internal trade / business / market / operations / trading / commerce◆(a / the) local trade / business / market / operations / trading / marketplace / enterprise◆illegal trade / business / operations / trading / trafficking / enterprise / dealings◆(a) profitable trade / business / market / operations / trading◆(a) free trade / market / trading / enterprise◆to engage in trade / business / trading / commerce / enterprise◆to encourage / promote trade / business / commerce / enterprise◆trade / business / the market / an operation expands / grows / increases◆trade / business / the market is booming / picks up / declines / falls■trade [uncountable, countable] the activity of buying and selling or of exchanging goods or services between people or countries; the amount of goods or services that you sell贸易；买卖；交易；营业额；交易量◆Trade between the two countries has increased.两国之间的贸易增长了。◆The international trade in oil has been massively affected.国际石油贸易受到严重影响。◆Trade was very good last month.上月的交易量很大。◆ (especially BrE) Stores are doing a brisk trade in wizard accessories and vampire kits.商店里魔法配件和吸血鬼套装卖得很火。ⓘ In American English it is more usual to say doing brisk business in sth.在美式英语中，更常说be doing brisk business in sth。 see also trade ⇨ sellverb2, trader ⇨ dealer■business [uncountable] the activity of producing, buying, selling or providing goods or services for money; the amount of work done by a company; the rate or quality of this work商业；买卖；生意；营业额；营业状况◆It's been a pleasure to do business with you.和你做买卖很愉快。◆She has set up in business as a hairdresser.她已经开店当美发师了。◆When he left school he went into business with his brother.他毕业后和哥哥去经商了。◆What line of business are you in?你从事什么行业？◆There are strong links between politics and big business(= large companies that have a lot of power and influence).政治和大企业之间有紧密联系。◆How's business?生意如何？◆If we close down for repairs, we'll lose business.如果停业整修，我们会失去生意的。◆ (especially NAmE) Stores are doing brisk business in wizard accessories and vampire kits.商店里魔法配件和吸血鬼套装卖得很火。ⓘ In British English it is more usual to say doing a brisk trade in sth.在英式英语中，更常说be doing a brisk trade in sth。 see also business ⇨ company, business ⇨ industry, do business ⇨ sellverb2NOTE辨析 Trade or business?Trade is used slightly more to talk about buying and selling goods rather than services. Business is often used when people are emphasizing the more personal aspects of these activities, such as making contacts, discussing and agreeing things and working together to provide goods or services. * trade表示商品交易略多于服务交易。使用business时常更强调过程中人际交往的活动，如签订合同、洽谈、达成协议并合作提供商品或服务等。■market [singular] the amount of trade in a particular type of goods（某种商品的）交易量◆They have 20% of the world market in coffee.他们的咖啡贸易占全球市场的20%。◆We have increased our share of the market by 10%.我们的市场份额增加了10%。◆There has been a downturn in the property market(= the number and type of houses that are available).目前房地产市场持续低迷。◆They have cornered the market in sportswear(= they sell the most).他们垄断了运动服装的市场。■operation [countable, usually plural] the activity or work done in an area of business or industry（工商业）活动，业务◆The firm's banking operations overseas have been affected by the disaster.这家公司的海外银行业务受到这次灾难的影响。■trading [uncountable] the activity of buying and selling things, especially in shops and on the stock market(= where shares in companies are bought and sold)（尤指商店和股票市场的）生意，交易，买卖◆Stores everywhere reported excellent trading in the run-up to Christmas.各地商店均称圣诞节前生意火爆。◆Shares worth $8 million changed hands during a day of hectic trading.当日股市交投活跃，股票换手市值达800万元。 see also trade ⇨ sell2, trader ⇨ dealer■commerce /ˈkɒmɜːs; NAmEˈkɑːmɜːrs/ [uncountable] (ratherformal) trade, especially between countries（尤指国际性的）贸易，商业◆Leaders of industry and commerce met at the summit in Paris.工商界领导人在巴黎首脑会议上会面。 see also commercial ⇨ economic■marketplace /ˈmɑːkɪtpleɪs; NAmEˈmɑːrkɪtpleɪs/ [singular] the activity of competing with other companies to buy and sell goods and services市场竞争◆They have successfully adapted to the demands of the global marketplace.他们已成功适应全球市场的需求。■trafficking [uncountable] the activity of buying and selling sth illegally非法交易◆She was accused of drug trafficking.她被控贩毒。ⓘ Drug is by far the most frequent collocate of trafficking. Other collocates are illegal, heroin and narcotic. * trafficking最常与drug搭配，其他搭配词有illegal、heroin和narcotic。■enterprise /ˈentəpraɪz; NAmEˈentərpraɪz/ [uncountable] the development of businesses by the people of a country rather than by the government企业发展；企业经营；企业活动◆They provide grants to encourage enterprise in the region.他们拨款鼓励这个地区的企业发展。◆The culture of dependency was replaced by an enterprise culture(= in which people are encouraged to develop small businesses).依赖社会福利的文化被鼓励自主创业的文化所取代。■dealing [uncountable, countable] a way of doing business with sb; buying and selling经营作风；经营方式；买卖；交易◆We have a reputation for honest dealing.我们有诚信经营的良好商誉。◆Drug dealing on our streets is becoming a growing problem.毒品交易在我们街区正成为日益严重的问题。◆ (especially BrE) Sales plummeted just after dealings in shares began.股票交易一开市成交量就大跌。 see also deal in sth ⇨ sell2, dealer ⇨ dealerNOTE辨析 Trading or dealing?Trading is used to talk about selling things in shops; dealing is used to talk about selling things illegally, especially drugs. Both words can be used to talk about buying and selling shares in companies, but in American English trading is more usual. * trading指商店里商品的买卖；dealing指非法交易，尤指毒品交易。两个词均可指公司股票的买卖，但在美式英语中trading更常用。
available
adjective
available ♦︎ for sale ♦︎ on the market ♦︎ on saleThese words all describe sth that can be bought, obtained or found.这些词均表示可买到的、可获得的或可找到的。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆available / on sale from sb / sth◆to go on the market / on sale◆now / still available / for sale / on the market / on sale■available (ratherformal) that you can get, buy or find可获得的；可买到的；可找到的◆This was the only room available.这是唯一可用的房间。◆When will the information be made available?什么时候才有消息？◆We have used all available resources.我们已利用了所有可以利用的资源。▸availability
noun
[uncountable] ◆the availability of cheap flights有廉价机票出售◆This offer is subject to availability.此项优惠至产品售完为止。■for ˈsale
idiom
available for sb to buy, especially from the owner（尤指从主人手里）待售，供出售◆I'm sorry, it's not for sale.抱歉，这个不卖。◆They've put their house up for sale.他们的房子现在出售。◆There has been an increase in the number of stolen vehicles being offered for sale.市面上出售的被盗车辆的数量增加了。■on the ˈmarket
idiom
available for people to buy出售；有现货供应；上市◆There are hundreds of different brands on the market.市面上有数百种不同的品牌。◆Don't put your house on the market until spring.春季前别卖你的房子。◆The house came on the market last year.这所房子去年就放售了。■on ˈsale
idiom
available for people to buy, especially in a shop（在商店）出售，上市◆Tickets are on sale from the booking office.可到售票处购票。◆The new model goes on sale next month.新款下个月上市。
advertise
verb
advertise ♦︎ market ♦︎ promote ♦︎ push ♦︎ merchandise ♦︎ hype ♦︎ plugThese words all mean to do sth to encourage people to buy or use a product or service, or to accept a new idea.这些词均表示做广告或推销。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to advertise / market / promote / push / merchandise / hype / plug sth as sth◆to advertise / market / promote / merchandise sth through sth◆to advertise / market sth to sb◆to advertise / market / promote / push / merchandise / hype / plug a product◆to advertise / market / promote / hype / plug a / an book / film / movie / CD / album◆to advertise / market / promote a service◆to market / promote / push an idea◆to advertise / market / promote / hype sth heavily■advertise [intransitive, transitive] to tell the public about a product or service in order to encourage people to buy or use it（为⋯）做广告，登广告◆If you want to attract more customers, try advertising in the local paper.如果你要吸引更多的顾客，就试试在当地报纸登广告。◆The cruise was advertised as the 'journey of a lifetime'.这次航行被宣传为“终生难忘之旅”。 see also advertise ⇨ publish1▸advertising
noun
[uncountable] ◆She's hoping to make a career in advertising.她希望在广告业谋发展。■market [transitive] to advertise and offer a product for sale; to present a product, service or idea in a particular way and make people want to buy, use or accept it推销，促销（产品或服务）；推广（观念）◆It is marketed as a low-alcohol wine.它作为一种低度酒投放市场。◆School meals need to be marketed to children in the same way as other food.校餐要以推销其他食品的相同方式推销给孩子。▸marketing
noun
[uncountable] ◆He works in sales and marketing.他在市场营销部工作。■promote [transitive] to help sell a product or service, or make an idea more popular, by advertising it or offering it at a special price（通过广告或特价）促销，推销（产品或服务）；推广（观念）◆The band has gone on tour to promote their new album.乐队已开始巡演，宣传他们的新专辑。◆The area is being promoted as a tourist destination.这个地区正作为旅游点来加以宣传。■push [transitive] (ratherinformal) to try hard to persuade people to accept a new idea or buy a new product力推（新观点或新产品）；推销（新产品）◆She didn't want to push the point any further at that moment.她当时不想进一步强调那一点。◆Sales promotion is designed to push certain products.促销活动是为了推销某些产品。■merchandise / /ˈmɜːtʃəndaɪs, ˈmɜːtʃəndaɪz; NAmEˈmɜːrtʃəndaɪs/ [transitive] (business商业) to advertise and offer a product for sale, often a product connected with a popular film, person or event推销（当红电影、人物或事件的相关产品）◆She works with companies that want to make or merchandise products related to the company's films.她与想为自家电影制作或推销衍生产品的公司打交道。■hype /haɪp/ / [transitive] (informal, disapproving) to advertise sth a lot and exaggerate its good qualities, in order to get a lot of public attention for it夸张地宣传；吹嘘◆This week his much hyped new movie opens in London.本周他那部被大肆炒作的新电影在伦敦上映。■plug(-gg-) [transitive] (informal) to give praise or attention to a new book, film, CD, etc. in order to encourage people to buy it or see it推广，宣传（新书、新电影或新CD等）◆She came on the show to plug her latest album.她上电视节目宣传她的新专辑。