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direction noun direction ♦︎ path ♦︎ course ♦︎ road ♦︎ routeThese are all words for the general way in which sb/sth develops or sb achieves sth, over a period of time. 这些词均表示趋势、途径。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆a / the path / road / route to sth◆on a / the path / course / road / route◆the right / wrong direction / path / course / road / route◆a new direction / path / course / road / route◆a different direction / path / course / road / route◆the future direction / path / course (of sth)◆a clear direction / path / course / road / route◆to take a / the ... direction / path / course / road / route◆to follow / pursue a / the ... direction / path / course / route◆to go down a / the ... path / road / route◆to change (a / the) direction / courseNOTE 辨析 Path, course, road and routeThese words all have literal meanings relating to the way you travel to get somewhere. Many of the collocations used with the literal meanings are shared by the meanings in this group, for example follow this path, change course, go down that road and take that route. * path、course、road和route的字面意义都与旅行的路线相关，很多与字面意义搭配的词也可与这里的意思搭配，如follow this path、change course、go down that road和take that route。■ direction [countable, uncountable] the general way in which a person, thing, organization or sb's ideas or actions is/are developing or changing 发展趋势；动向◆The exhibition provides evidence of several new directions in her work.这个展览表明她的创作有几个新动向。◆They are debating the future direction of the party.他们在辩论该党未来的发展趋势。◆I am very unhappy with the direction the club is taking.我对该俱乐部的发展趋势很不满意。◆It's only a small improvement but at least it's a step in the right direction.虽然这只是个小小的改进，但至少是朝正确方向迈出的一步。◆It seems that things are at last moving in the right direction.看来事情最终还是朝着正确的方向发展了。■ path [countable] a plan of action or the series of actions sb takes to achieve sth 行动计划；达成目标的途径◆There is no clear career path in this field.这个领域里没有清晰的职业规划。◆The party seemed to be on the path to assured victory.该党似乎走上了必胜的道路。◆Power sharing is a difficult path to tread.实行分权是一条难走的道路。◆Everyone has to find their own path in life.每个人都必须找到自己的人生道路。■ course [countable, usually singular] the general direction in which sb's ideas or actions, or a series of events, develop 方针；行动方向◆Her career followed a similar course to her sister's.她的职业道路跟姐姐的相似。◆This was an event that changed the whole course of his thinking.这个事件改变了他整个的思维取向。◆We'll just have to let things take their natural course.我们只好让事情顺其自然发展。◆They were obliged to steer a course between the interests of the two groups.他们被迫在两个群体的利益之间游走。NOTE 辨析 Direction or course?The direction of a person or thing is usually the way they are developing now or the way they are likely to develop in the future; direction is not usually used if you are looking back at the way things developed in the past. * direction通常指人或事物目前或未来的发展趋势，一般不用于回顾过去的发展情况◆Her career followed a similar direction to her sister's. The course of a person or thing is usually the way they developed over a period of time or have been developing until now; course is not usually used if you are looking forward to the way things are likely to develop in the future. * course通常指人或事物在一段时间内或迄今为止的发展情况，一般不用于展望未来的发展趋势◆They are debating the future course of the party. Course also has the closely related meaning of 'a way of acting in or dealing with a particular situation'. * course还可表示“行动方式”或“处理方法”等密切相关的意义。 ■ road [countable] a series of events or course of action that will lead to a particular result 途径；方法；路子◆The economy is well on the road to recovery.经济正稳步复苏。◆We would prefer not to go down that particular road.我们不想采用那种方法。◆She set out on the road to stardom too early in life.她过早地踏上了星途。◆They seem to be on the road to ruin.他们好像走上了一条毁灭之路。■ route [countable] the way in which sb achieves sth or tries to achieve sth 途径；渠道◆The biography charts her route to fame from humble beginnings.那本传记写到她如何从卑微一路走向成名。◆Education was the traditional route out of poverty.教育是摆脱贫穷的传统途径。◆Some young people see marriage as a kind of escape route (= a way of getting out of a situation they do not like).有些年轻人把婚姻看成是一种逃避的途径。NOTE 辨析 Path, road or route? Path is often more personal than road. People talk about your/his/her career path/path in life (= the one that sb in particular follows) but the road to stardom/ruin (= the one that everyone follows if they become a star/are ruined). Route may be used to talk about a particular person or people in general. * path常比road更加个人化，一般说your/his/her career path/path in life（你／他／她的职业／人生道路），但说the road to stardom/ruin（成为明星／走向毁灭之路）。route可用于特定或泛指的人◆her route to fame她的成名之路◆the traditional route out of poverty摆脱贫穷的传统途径However, it is usually used when reporting things in a more factual, less emotional way. You can talk about sth being a difficult path to tread or a difficult road to travel (note the different verbs, according to the different literal meanings of path and road) but such terms are not usually used to describe route in this meaning. 但是，route通常用于对事情的如实而非感性的叙述。说某件事很难做可以用a difficult path to tread或a difficult road to travel（注意：由于path和road的字面意义不同，搭配的动词也不同），但route通常不这样用。 |