| 例句 |
proportion noun
⇨ level (crisis proportions) ⇨ ratio (out of proportion) level noun level ♦︎ degree ♦︎ scale ♦︎ extent ♦︎ size ♦︎ proportions ♦︎ magnitudeThese are all words for the amount or importance of sth, especially if it is very large. 这些词均表示程度、级别、规模或重要性。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the true level / extent / size of sth◆the full scale / extent / size of sth◆the sheer scale / extent / size / magnitude of sth◆(a) manageable level / scale / size / proportions◆(a) global level / scale / proportions◆to assess / judge the level / degree / scale / extent / size / magnitude of sth◆to realize the level / degree / scale / extent / size of sth◆to calculate the level / extent of sth◆the scale / extent / size / magnitude of the problem◆the scale / extent of the damage■ level [countable] the amount of sth that exists in a particular situation at a particular time （某个时间和情况下存在的）数量，程度，浓度◆These cities have relatively low levels of unemployment.这些城市的失业率相对较低。◆a test to check the level of alcohol in the blood对血液中酒精含量的测试◆High stress levels will affect employees' productivity.精神压力大会影响雇员的工作效率。◆The aim is to reduce pollution levels in the city.目标是降低城市的污染水平。■ degree [countable] how far sth is true; the level of a quality that sb/sth has or needs 程度；级别◆I agree with you to a certain degree.我在某种程度上同意你的观点。◆To what degree can parents be held responsible for a child's behaviour?父母应在多大程度上对孩子的行为负责呢？◆Most pop music is influenced, to a greater or lesser degree, by the blues.大多数流行音乐或多或少都受到布鲁斯音乐的影响。◆Her job demands a high degree of skill.她的工作对技能的要求很高。■ scale [uncountable, singular] how large or important sth is, especially when compared with sth else （尤指与其他事物相比较时的）规模，范围，程度◆It was impossible to comprehend the full scale of the disaster.这场灾难的严重程度当时还无法充分了解。◆We are striving to achieve economies of scale in production (= to produce many items so the cost of producing each one is reduced).我们正在努力达到规模生产。◆They entertain on a large scale (= they hold expensive parties with a lot of guests).他们大宴宾客。◆Here was corruption on a grand scale.这里的腐败曾十分严重。 see also full-scale ⇨ detailed , large-scale ⇨ wide 1 ■ extent [uncountable, singular] how large or important sth is; how far sth is true; how great an effect sth has 程度；限度◆She was exaggerating the true extent of the problem.她夸大了问题的严重性。◆I was amazed at the extent of his knowledge.他知识之渊博令我感到惊奇。◆To some extent what she argues is true.她的论证在某种程度上是符合事实的。◆To what extent is this true of all schools?这在多大程度上符合所有学校的实际情况呢？NOTE 辨析 Scale or extent?The scale of sth is how large it is; its extent is how far it goes. In many cases there is no real difference between the two. * scale指事物的规模，extent指事物的程度。在许多情况下这两个词并无实质差别◆the scale / extent of the problem / damage问题的严重性；损坏的程度However, you are more likely to try to assess/measure/calculate the extent of sth, while you simply try to comprehend/grasp the scale of sth. Some qualities, such as knowledge, are considered as being wide rather than large, and so have extent rather than scale. 然而，更常说assess/measure/calculate the extent of sth（评估／测量／计算程度），以及comprehend/grasp the scale of sth（认识／理解严重性）。有些特质，如knowledge，一般看成是范围广而非规模大，所以要用extent而非scale◆I was amazed at the scale of his knowledge. ■ size [uncountable] the large amount or extent of sth 大量；大规模◆You should have seen the size of their house!你真该看看他们的房子有多大！◆We were shocked at the size of his debts.他欠债之多让我们震惊。■ proportions /prəˈpɔːʃnz; NAmE prəˈpɔːrʃnz/ [plural] the size and shape of an area; the scale of a task or problem 面积；体积；（任务或问题的）规模，程度◆The apartment is of generous proportions, with a large kitchen and dining area.这套公寓很宽敞，厨房和餐厅的面积很大。ⓘ When describing a task or problem, proportions is often used in order to say whether the task/problem can be managed easily or not. 描述任务或问题时，常用proportions来表示它们是否易于操作或解决◆This method divides the task into more manageable proportions.这个方法把任务分解成一些较易操作的步骤。◆The food shortage could soon reach crisis proportions.粮食短缺可能很快就会达到危机的程度。◆The virus has not yet reached epidemic proportions.这种病毒尚未发展成大规模的传染病。 ■ magnitude /ˈmægnɪtjuːd; NAmE ˈmægnɪtuːd/ [uncountable] (formal) how large or important sth is, especially when it is very large or important 巨大；重大；重要性◆We did not realize the magnitude of the problem.我们当时没有意识到这个问题的重要性。◆This is a discovery of the first magnitude (= it is very important).这是一项极为重要的发现。◆We are talking about something of a different order of magnitude (= so much larger or more important that it cannot easily be compared with other examples).我们在谈论一件非同寻常的重大事情。 ratio noun ratio ♦︎ proportion ♦︎ scaleThese are all words for the amount or size of sth compared with sth else. 这些词均表示比率、比例。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆the ratio / proportion of A to B◆a ratio / scale of 1:25, etc.◆out of proportion / scale◆a high / low ratio / proportion■ ratio /ˈreɪʃiəʊ; NAmE ˈreɪʃioʊ/ (plural ratios) [countable] the relationship between two groups of people or things that is represented by two numbers showing how much larger one group is than the other 比率；比例◆What is the ratio of men to women in the department?这个部门的男女比例是多少？◆The school has a low student-teacher ratio (= there are few students for each teacher).这所学校的学生与老师的比例很低。◆The ratio of applications to available places currently stands at 100:1.目前，申请人数和职位空缺的比例为100:1。■ proportion /prəˈpɔːʃn; NAmE prəˈpɔːrʃn/ [uncountable, plural] the relationship of one thing to another, for example in size or amount; the correct relationship between these things （尺寸或数量等的）比例；恰当的比例；均衡；匀称◆The room is very long in proportion to (= relative to) its width.这个房间的长度比宽度大很多。◆You haven't drawn the figures in the foreground in proportion.你的前景人物画得不合比例。◆The head is out of proportion with the body.头部和身体不成比例。◆Always try to keep a sense of proportion (= of the relative importance of different things).事有轻重缓急之分，这要常记在心。◆It is an impressive building with fine proportions.这是一栋比例谐调的雄伟建筑。 see also proportional , proportionate ⇨ relative ■ scale [countable, uncountable] the relation between the actual size of sth and its size on a map, diagram or model that represents it （地图、图表或模型的）比例，比例尺◆The map is drawn to a scale of 1:25 000.这张地图是按1:25 000的比例绘制的。◆Engineers have built a scale model of part of the coast.设计师建构了一个按比例缩小的局部海岸模型。◆Is this diagram to scale (= are all the parts the same size and shape in relation to each other as they are in the thing represented)?这个图表是按比例画的吗？ |