➡ See also the entry for ⇨ soldier另见soldier条guerrilla ♦︎ rebel ♦︎ terrorist ♦︎ insurgent ♦︎ revolutionary ♦︎ partisan ♦︎ bomber ♦︎ paramilitaryThese are all words for a person who uses violence against a government or other authority.这些词均表示游击队员、革命者、造反者。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆armed guerrillas / rebels / terrorists / insurgents / revolutionaries◆to support the guerrillas / rebels / terrorists / insurgents / partisans / paramilitaries◆to join the guerrillas / rebels / insurgents / partisans◆to lead the guerrillas / rebels◆guerrillas / rebels / terrorists / insurgents / partisans / bombers attack / kill sb / sth◆a guerrilla / a rebel / a terrorist / an insurgent / a revolutionary / a paramilitary group◆guerrilla / rebel / terrorist / insurgent / revolutionary / paramilitary activity◆a guerrilla / a rebel / a terrorist / an insurgent / a paramilitary attack■guerrilla ( guerilla) / /gəˈrɪlə/ / [countable] a person who fights with weapons against the government of a country, as a member of an organized military force that is not an official army游击队员◆Seven soldiers and two guerrillas were killed after an attack on a border post.一个边境哨点受到袭击，七名士兵和两名游击队员被杀。◆The peace talks have put an end to the 17-year guerrilla war.和谈为17年的游击战画上了句号。■rebel / /ˈrebl/ / [countable] a person who fights against the government of their own country反政府的人；叛乱者；造反者◆A group of armed rebels seized control of the national radio headquarters.一群武装叛乱分子控制了国家广播电台总部。◆Rebel forces clashed with government troops.叛军与政府军发生了冲突。 see also rebel ⇨ rebelverb, rebellion ⇨ revolution1■terrorist / /ˈterərɪst/ / [countable] (disapproving) a person who uses violent action in order to achieve political aims or to force a government to act恐怖分子；恐怖主义者◆International terrorists are threatening to blow up the plane.国际恐怖分子扬言要炸毁飞机。◆Three suspected terrorists have been arrested.逮捕了三名恐怖分子嫌疑人。▸terrorism
noun
[uncountable] ◆an act of terrorism恐怖主义行动■insurgent /ɪnˈsɜːdʒənt; NAmEɪnˈsɜːrdʒənt/ [countable, usually plural] (formal) a person who fights against the government or armed forces of their own country反政府的人；叛乱者；造反者◆Government forces continue to face deadly attacks by armed insurgents.政府军仍面临武装叛乱分子的致命袭击。 see also insurgency ⇨ revolution1NOTE辨析 Rebel or insurgent?People talk about insurgents in the early stages of a fight against a government or authority. Rebel is the less formal and more frequent of the two words, and can be used in the early or later stages of a conflict.指反政府或反当局斗争初期的参与者时用insurgent。rebel没有insurgent那么正式且更常用，可指参与早期或后期抗争阶段的人。■revolutionary [countable] a person who starts or supports a revolution, especially a political one（支持）改革者；（尤指）革命者，革命支持者◆The revolutionaries tried to encourage soldiers to mutiny or desert.革命者试图劝说士兵暴动或当逃兵。 see also revolution ⇨ revolution1, revolutionary ⇨ radicaladj.■partisan /ˌpɑːtɪˈzæn, ˈpɑːtɪzæn; NAmEˈpɑːrtəzn/ [countable] a member of an armed group that is fighting secretly against enemy soldiers who have taken control of its country游击队员；地下武装分子◆By the end of 1944 German forces had driven the Italian partisans out of the region.到1944年末，德军已将意大利游击队员赶出该地区。ⓘ Partisan is usually used to refer to a person involved in a war or conflict in history, especially the Second World War, rather than in the present. * partisan一般指历史上参与战争或冲突的人，尤其是第二次世界大战中的武装分子，并不指现今的游击队员。■bomber [countable] a person who puts a bomb somewhere illegally非法放置炸弹者◆The suicide bomber blew himself up in a crowded restaurant, killing twelve people.自杀式炸弹袭击者在一家人多的餐馆引爆随身炸弹，炸死了十二人。■paramilitary /ˌpærəˈmɪlətri; NAmEˌpærəˈmɪləteri/ [countable, usually plural] a member of an armed group that is organized like an army but is not official, and may be opposed to the government准武装集团成员；非法武装集团成员◆The army has blamed paramilitaries for heavy civilian casualties in the area.军方谴责非法武装集团成员造成该地区重大平民伤亡。
radical
adjective
radical ♦︎ revolutionary ♦︎ progressive ♦︎ extremeThese words all describe ideas and views that are very new and/or different, especially in politics.这些词均表示观点或见解全新的、颠覆传统的、激进的，尤其在政治方面。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺下图显示这些词所表达激进的程度
progressive
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radical
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extreme
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revolutionary
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆radical / revolutionary / progressive / extreme ideas / views◆radical / revolutionary proposals / solutions◆a radical / revolutionary leader■radical / /ˈrædɪkl/ / [usually before noun](of ideas) new, different, and likely to have a great effect; (of people or their opinions) in favour of thorough and complete political or social change（观念）全新的，有创见的；（人或其观点在针对政治或社会变化方面）激进的，极端的◆He proposed a radical solution to the problem.他提出了一个解决问题的全新方法。◆the radical wing of the party党内的激进派◆radical politicians / students / writers激进的政治人物／学生／作家OPPconservative ⇨ conservative see also radical ⇨ fundamental■revolutionary / /ˌrevəˈluːʃənəri; NAmEˌrevəˈluːʃəneri/ involving a great or complete change; connected with political revolution彻底变革的；巨变的；革命的◆It was a time of rapid and revolutionary change.那是一个迅猛、剧烈的变革时期。◆At the time this idea was revolutionary.这个想法在当时创意非凡。◆revolutionary uprisings革命起义 see also revolution ⇨ revolution1, revolutionary ⇨ guerrillanoun■progressive /prəˈgresɪv/ / (usuallyapproving) in favour of new ideas, modern methods and change进步的；先进的；开明的◆progressive schools开明的学校◆Are you in favour of progressive teaching methods?你赞成新式教学方法吗？OPPconservative ⇨ conservative see also progress ⇨ progress■extreme (usuallydisapproving) (of people, political organizations or opinions) far from what most people consider to be normal, reasonable or acceptable（人、政治组织或观点）极端的，偏激的，过分的◆extreme left-wing / right-wing views极左／极右观点OPPmoderate ⇨ disciplined▸extremism
noun
[uncountable] ◆political / religious extremism政治／宗教极端主义