| 例句 |
lonely adj.
⇨ lonely (feel lonely) ⇨ alone (lonely nights at home) lonely adjective lonely ♦︎ alone ♦︎ isolated ♦︎ homesick ♦︎ forlorn ♦︎ bereft ♦︎ desolateThese words all describe a person who is unhappy because they have no friends or little contact with other people. 这些词均表示孤独的、寂寞的。SYNONYM SCALE 词义标尺 下图显示这些词所表达孤独的程度| lonely | ➔ | alone | ➔ | desolate | | isolated | | forlorn | | | | homesick | | bereft | | |
PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to feel lonely / alone / isolated / homesick / forlorn / bereft / desolate◆utterly alone / isolated / bereft / desolate◆desperately / terribly lonely / homesick■ lonely unhappy because you have no friends or people to talk to 孤独的；寂寞的◆She lives alone and often feels lonely.她孑然一身，常常感到寂寞。◆The support they give to lonely old people is invaluable.他们给予孤寡老人的帮助是十分宝贵的。 see also loneliness ⇨ privacy ■ alone [not before noun] (rather informal) unhappy because you have no friends or people to talk to or help you 孤苦伶仃；无依无靠；孤独；寂寞◆I've been so alone since you went away.你走了以后我一直很寂寞。◆Carol felt all alone in the world.卡罗尔感到自己在世界上无依无靠。NOTE 辨析 Lonely or alone? Alone is slightly more informal than lonely and cannot be used before a noun; it can also suggest that sb feels not only lonely but also vulnerable (= likely to be hurt) in some way. * alone与lonely相比稍显不太正式，且不能用在名词前；此外alone还略含一种孤独并脆弱的感觉。■ isolated / /ˈaɪsəleɪtɪd/ / without much contact with other people and often unhappy because of this 孤独的；孤立的◆I felt very isolated in my new job.我在新的工作岗位上觉得很孤立。◆Elderly people easily become socially isolated.上了年纪的人很容易变得与社会隔绝。 see also isolation ⇨ privacy ■ homesick / /ˈhəʊmsɪk; NAmE ˈhoʊmsɪk/ unhappy because you are away from home and you miss your family and friends 思乡的；想家的◆I felt homesick for Scotland.我思念故乡苏格兰。◆Seeing other families together made him terribly homesick.看到别人阖家团圆使他非常想家。▸ homesickness noun [uncountable] ◆She soon got over her homesickness.她的思乡情绪很快就缓解了。■ forlorn /fəˈlɔːn; NAmE fərˈlɔːrn/ (written) appearing lonely and unhappy 孤苦伶仃的；孤独凄凉的◆She looked so forlorn, standing there in the pouring rain.她站在瓢泼大雨中，显得孤苦伶仃。■ bereft /bɪˈreft/ / [not before noun] (rather formal) very unhappy and lonely because you have lost sb/sth 感到失落；感到凄凉◆He was utterly bereft when his wife died.妻子去世后，他十分凄凉。■ desolate / /ˈdesələt/ / [not usually before noun] very lonely and unhappy 孤独凄凉；悲伤◆The thought that her husband did not want the baby made her feel utterly desolate.一想到丈夫不愿意要这个孩子，她就十分忧伤。 see also desolation ⇨ despair noun alone adjective , adverb alone ♦︎ on your own ♦︎ by yourself/yourselves ♦︎ single-handed/single-handedly ♦︎ solitary ♦︎ solo ♦︎ unattended ♦︎ lonely ♦︎ sole ♦︎ unaccompanied ♦︎ unaidedThese words all describe sb/sth that is not with other people or things. 这些词均表示单独、独自。PATTERNS AND COLLOCATIONS 句型和搭配◆to do sth alone / on your own / by yourself / single-handed / unaided◆to live alone / on your own / by yourself◆to go out alone / on your own / by yourself / unaccompanied◆people are alone / on their own / by themselves / unaided / unaccompanied◆a solitary / lonely existence / life / walk◆solo / unaccompanied singing / violin◆unattended / unaccompanied baggage / luggage◆all alone / on your own / by yourself■ alone [not before noun] without any other people; without help 独自；单独；独力◆I don't like going out alone at night.我不喜欢晚上独自一人外出。◆She was sitting all alone in the hall.她一个人坐在大厅里。◆Finally the two of us were alone together.最后只有我们两个人在一起。◆You are not alone in finding him hard to work with.不止你一个人认为很难和他共事。◆The assassin said he had acted alone.暗杀者声称他是单独行动。◆The press photographers just won't leave her alone (= stop annoying her).摄影记者就是要不停地打扰她。◆He decided to go it alone (= to do sth without help from anyone) and start his own business.他决定独力开办自己的企业。■ on your ˈown idiom (rather informal) without any other people; without help 独自；单独；独力◆I'm all on my own today.今天就我一个人。◆She lives on her own.她一个人生活。◆He did it on his own.这件事他独力完成了。■ by yourˈself■ by yourˈselves idiom (rather informal) without any other people; without help 独自；单独；独力◆How long were you by yourself in the house?你独自在这房子里多长时间了？◆Are you sure you did this exercise all by yourself?你肯定是独立完成这个练习的吗？NOTE 辨析 On your own or by yourself?There is very little difference in meaning or use between these expressions. On your own is often used when sb manages to do or achieve sth without help, because there is no help available. 这两个短语在含义和用法上差别很小。on your own常指在得不到任何帮助的情况下独自完成某事◆to manage / cope / survive / act / achieve sth / make it / set up on your own独自完成／应付／生存／行动／实现／做成某事／创业◆This is not something that you can achieve on your own.这件事你一个人可做不了。But you can also use by yourself in these cases. 但上述例子也可用by yourself。 By yourself is often used when sb has chosen to be or do sth without anyone else. * by yourself常指自愿独立做某事◆to sit / play / walk / go off by yourself独自坐／玩／走／离开◆She loved to walk by herself on the wild lonely moors.她喜欢独自一人在孤寂的旷野中散步。However, you can also use on your own in these cases. 但上述例子也可用on your own。 ■ ˌsingle-ˈhanded ■ ˌsingle-ˈhandedly (often approving) on your own, with nobody helping you to do sth difficult 独自，单枪匹马地（做艰难的事）◆Her ambition is to sail around the world single-handed.她的理想是独自驾船周游世界。◆He single-handedly saved the town from disaster.他单枪匹马解救了这个城镇，使之免遭灾难。■ solitary / /ˈsɒlətri; NAmE ˈsɑːləteri/ adjective [usually before noun](of life or an activity) done alone; without other people （生活或活动）独自的，单独的◆She enjoys long solitary walks.她喜欢独自长距离散步。◆He led a solitary life.他过着独居生活。 see also solitude ⇨ privacy ■ solo /ˈsəʊləʊ; NAmE ˈsoʊloʊ/ [only before noun] done by one person on their own, without anyone helping or doing it with them 独自（的）；单独（的）◆His first solo flight was in 1954.他首次一人驾机飞行是在1954年。◆She went on to record a solo album after the band split up.乐队解散后，她又录制了个人专辑。◆She wanted to fly solo across the Atlantic.她想独自一人驾机飞越大西洋。◆After three years with the band he decided to go solo.跟那支乐队合作三年后，他决定单飞。ⓘ Solo is used especially to talk about performing music or flying. * solo尤用来修饰音乐和飞行◆a solo instrument / piano / voice / performance / act / piece / album / record / artist / career / flight / pilot独奏乐器；钢琴独奏；独唱；单人表演；独角戏；单曲；独唱专辑；独唱唱片；单人表演者；单人表演生涯；独自飞行；单飞飞行员It can also be used to talk about other sorts of artistic or sporting performances or achievements. * solo也可修饰其他种类的艺术表演或体育成就◆a solo exhibition / show / climb / goal个人展览；个人演出；单人攀登；独自射门得分 ■ unattended /ˌʌnəˈtendɪd/ / adjective without the owner present; not being watched or cared for 主人不在场的；无人看管的◆The insurance policy covers loss of money or valuables from an unattended vehicle.因无人看管而导致车内财物遗失，本保单予以赔付。◆She was reprimanded for leaving the children unattended.她因没看管好孩子而受到训斥。■ lonely adjective [usually before noun](of a situation or period of time) sad and spent alone （指状况或一段时间）孤寂的，孤单的◆He thought back to all those lonely nights at home watching TV.他回想起所有那些在家看电视的孤寂夜晚。■ sole adjective [only before noun] (rather formal) belonging to one person or group; not shared 独占的；专有的；全权的◆She has sole responsibility for the project.那个项目由她一人负责。◆We may have the opportunity to take over sole ownership of the company.我们可能有机会接管这家公司的全部产权。■ unaccompanied / /ˌʌnəˈkʌmpənid/ / (formal) without a person going together with sb/sth; (of music) performed without anyone else playing or singing at the same time 无人陪伴的；（音乐）无伴奏（或伴唱）的◆No unaccompanied children allowed.儿童须有成人陪同。◆She played a sonata for unaccompanied violin.她演奏了一曲无伴奏小提琴奏鸣曲。◆Unaccompanied baggage (= travelling separately from its owner) must be hand-checked by security staff.托运行李必须经安保人员人工检查。■ unaided / /ʌnˈeɪdɪd/ / (rather formal) without help from anyone or anything 没有辅助的；独力（的）◆He can now walk unaided.他现在可以独自行走了。◆Photographs can show things invisible to the unaided eye.照片可以展现裸眼看不见的东西。 |